The Crown

The umpire is a permanent official appointed by His Majesty, i.

Then, too, punishment for crime falls inevitably within the control of the Crown, or in other words of the Government.

These governmental officials have the power to make regulations for the carrying out of the Act which, if not annulled by the King in Council, become part of the Act itself.

These acts gave unlimited authority to the king’s justices to pack juries at their discretion;

Their appointment of sheriffs was, therefore, equivalent to an appointment by the king himself.

It was, in principle, an assertion of a right, on the part of the government, to select the individuals who were to determine the authority of its own laws, and the extent of its own powers.

An English patent is granted in these supercilious and insolent terms.

The Common Law never required that a freeborn Englishman should “humbly petition” the crown for the enjoyment of his natural rights of property;

“And we, [the queen,] being willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions, which may be for the public good, are graciously pleased to condescend to the petitioner’s request.

The king’s overriding power, a power both to devise and to execute, was the only one strong enough for the work.

Whatever we may think of the king’s new justice, as it stood between six and seven centuries ago, comparing it with all that we have learnt and accomplished since, there is no doubt that it was immensely more rational than the prehistoric methods it supplanted, or that its rapid success was due to its merits.

The broad distinction is that outer doors may not be broken in execution of process at the suit of a private person;