Fallacy
idea · 2 works · 3 mentions · 5 anchored passages
Defective Conclusion · FALLACIES · Fallacies · Fallacious Conclusion · aghlāṭ · al-aghālīṭ · errors · fallacies · fallacious Premisses · fallacy
in the texts
Kitāb mīzān al-ḥaqq fī al-manṭiq
Logical error as such, whose whole class the author traces to neglect of or laxity about the self-evident, with particular species identified in the individual rules.
for all fallacies have arisen only from the neglect of the evident things and laxity about them, or from being oblivious of them.
And the apprehension of this connection may be strange to the mind, so that many astonishing errors come about — especially if there is between the two matters a partial likeness that is not sufficient:
And errors often arise in the like of this — as when we say to one of them, so-and-so does not know poetry, and he says:
The Game of Logic
An error in logical reasoning, either in the premisses or in the conclusion drawn from valid premisses.
The other kind of Fallacy--'Fallacious Conclusion'--you will not detect till you have marked BOTH Diagrams, and have read off the correct Conclusion, and have compared it with the Conclusion which the writer has drawn.
The first kind of Fallacy--'Fallacious Premisses'--you will detect when, after marking them on the larger Diagram, you try to transfer the marks to the smaller.
But if, in the above example, the writer had drawn the Conclusion "All misers are selfish" (that is, "All y are x"), this would be going BEYOND his legitimate rights (since it would assert the EXISTENCE of y, which is not contained in the Premisses), and you would very properly say "Fallacious Conclusion!