Proof
“human and divine”
idea · 3 works · 3 mentions · 6 anchored passages
burhān · divine proof · human proof · pramāṇa · proof · the means of proof · the proof · البرهان
in the texts
Kitāb mīzān al-ḥaqq fī al-manṭiq
Demonstrative proof, named as what circular dependence between propositions destroys
and setting up the proof (burhān) of a thing by a proposition (qaḍīyah) whose soundness depends upon the soundness of the first;
Bṛhaspati Smṛti
The legal doctrine dividing evidence into human proof (witnesses, documents, inference/possession) and divine proof (ordeals), with rules for when each applies.
Witnesses, documents, and possession are remembered as the three kinds of human proof;
Witnesses, documents, and inference are the three kinds of human proof;
In treason against the king and in violent crime, one should employ divine proof.
Kātyāyana Smṛti
The evidentiary means (witnesses, assessors, documents) by which the matter asserted in a plaint is established.
Therefore, the proof is then said to be that which establishes the plaint.
The assessors and the witnesses are to be known by the wise as the proof.
When the reply has been written down and properly cleared as being without fault, the procedure of proof is then desired for either the defendant or the plaintiff.