Twelve kinds of sons
idea · 3 works · 3 mentions · 4 anchored passages
apaviddha · apaviddha (अपविद्ध) · aurasa · aurasa (औरस) · aurasa, kṣetraja, datta, kṛtrima, gūḍhotpanna, apaviddha, kānīna, sahoḍha, krīta, paunarbhava, svayaṃdatta, pāraśava · dattaka · gudhotpanna · gūḍhotpanna (गूढोत्पन्न) · kanina · krita
in the texts
Manusmṛti
A taxonomy of twelve types of sons (by birth, adoption, and other circumstances) with differing inheritance rights.
159 // The `kānīna`, the `sahoḍha`, the `krīta`, and likewise the `paunarbhava`, the `svayaṃdatta`, and the `pāraśava`—these six are not heirs but are kinsmen.
Nāradasmṛti
The Dharmaśāstra classification of twelve types of sons (by birth, adoption, or purchase), six of whom are legal heirs and six of whom are not.
Of these, six are kinsmen and heirs, and six are not heirs but kinsmen.
In the absence of a superior one, the next inferior one shall obtain it.
The son of a remarried woman (`paunarbhava` (पौनर्भव)), the cast-off son (`apaviddha` (अपविद्ध)), the received son (`labdha` (लब्ध)), the purchased son (`krīta` (क्रीत)), the made son (`kṛta` (कृत)), and the self-offered son (`svayamupāgata` (स्वयमुपागत))—these twelve sons are declared.
Viṣṇu Smṛti
A legal classification scheme defining twelve distinct categories of sonship, each with different origins and inheritance status
Now, there are twelve kinds of sons.
He alone is the heir to the inheritance.
The *apaviddha*, the cast-off son, is the eleventh.