Carthage

But if a nation should emigrate, either spontaneously, on account of scarcity or any other calamity, or if by compulsion, which was the case with the people of Carthage in the third Punic war, while she retains her form, she does not cease to be a people;

Livy relates that Hieronymus, king of Syracuse, having entered into a convention with Hannibal, sent afterwards to Carthage to have it converted by the state into a league.

Of the same kind is the promise given by the Romans, that Carthage should be free, which could never means the enjoyment of complete independence, by a people, who had long before lost the right of making war, and many of their other privileges.

nor would Gaius Duilius, Aulus Atilius, and Lucius Metellus have delivered her from the terror of Carthage;

for of the barbarians themselves none were formerly maritime, save the Etruscans and the Carthaginians—the one for the sake of trade, the other of piracy.

Nor indeed did any thing more overthrow both Carthage and Corinth at last—long shaken—than this straying and dispersal of the citizens, who, through the desire of trade and seafaring, had forsaken the cultivation of their fields and of arms.

And if they will not have this true, Aeneas certainly, his country in flames, deserted his comrades, to be subjected to the Punic woman, who did not, in Aeneas's cowardly fashion, accompany her husband Hasdrubal as he gently supplicated the enemy, snatching her children with her — she has it in her to have a fatherland and a father not by knowing how to flee, but she fell upon the fires of burning …

and how many thousands, I ask, were slain by Scipio in the single corner of the Byrsa of Carthage?

Would Juno have wished the Punic city — beloved before Samos — to be consumed, of all things, by the fires of the Aeneadae?

Would Juno wish the Punic city, beloved of her with Samos set aside, to be destroyed by the race of the sons of Aeneas?

And yet the Romans dedicated not so much honour to the fates that delivered Carthage to them, against the destiny and the vow of Juno, as to that most prostituted she-wolf Larentina.

Some foundress of Carthage gave herself to the pyre rather than to a second marriage:

They sent at this time a trireme to Carthage with proposals of friendship, on the chance of their obtaining any help, and another to Tyrrhenia, as some of its cities had of their own accord offered to join them in the war.

I think it better, too, that we should also send to Carthage.

The fourth is of Jove and of Asteria, sister of Latona, who is worshipped most at Tyre, whose daughter they say Carthage was.

It is probable, however, that this explanation is imperfect, and that it could only be completed by taking into account those active commercial relations which, though they are little reflected in the military traditions of the republic, Rome appears certainly to have had with Carthage and with the interior of Italy in pre-historic times.

Whether he vanished as the Phoenicians say, or in the manner related by the Carchedonians and Syracusans, sacrifice is offered to him, and monuments have been set up in all the colonists' cities, the greatest of which is in Carchedon itself.

This man, who had been expelled from Himera by Theron son of Aenesidemus, sovereign ruler of Acragas, at this very time brought against Gelon three hundred thousand Phoenicians, Libyans, Iberians, Ligyes, Elisyci, Sardinians, and Cyrnians, led by Amilcas son of Annon, the king of the Carchedonians.

Nay, they arrived at such a pitch of folly that at a time when they were not masters of their own suburbs they expected to extend their power over Italy and Sicily and Carthage.

that of Carthage is less explicit from its antiquity.

This principle, and not prohibition, was the basis of Carthaginian, Venetian and Dutch commercial prosperity;

let him lament the ashes of Carthage and Numantia and Corinth, and of anything else that has fallen from a greater height, when even this universe, which has no place into which it can fall, must perish;

Yet, though but a young man, and almost a boy, he bore the sudden desolation of his family, falling to ruin upon the very triumph of Paulus, with as great a spirit as it behoved a man to show who was born for this—that neither should a Scipio be wanting to the city of Rome, nor a Carthage survive.

Did he not sit before Numantia long and patiently, and bear with an even mind this grief, his own and the state's, that Numantia was being conquered more slowly than Carthage?

You shall not set beside them the walls of Babylon, which Alexander entered, nor the ramparts of Carthage or Numantia, taken by a single hand, nor the Capitol or the citadel:

Spare Carthage, if not yourself.

and the fires which lately hung over the walls of Carthage through the night — what they threatened, those who saw them know;

In the schools of Carthage there was a certain most frigid Latin rhetor, by name Phosphorus.

Still the several cities trouble Carthage with congratulations on her being granted a Pythian game, after the old age of the stadium.