The library of Euripides

1. Homer 1 extended 1 citation

   Cyclops

   1 citation

   Cyclops:

Each of these stands at a single passage, named once and not held by the library. The work that names it carries the anchor.

Alcestis

the Thracian tablets · the medicinal simples given to the sons of Asclepius

Medea

Oracle of Apollo at Delphi (response to Aegeus) · The myth of Ino · Traditional songs/poetry portraying women as faithless

Heracleidae

Oracle of Loxias concerning Eurystheus's grave and future protection of Athens · The law of Hellas/Athens protecting captives taken alive in battle

Hippolytus

Orphic writings (written scrolls attributed to Orpheus)

Hecuba

Oracular prophecy of Dionysus

Suppliants

Oracle of Apollo (Loxias/Phoebus)

Heracles

tales of the gods' misconduct

Ion

the oracle of Loxias (Apollo's Delphic oracle)

The Trojan Women

Apollo's oracle / prophetic word · Odysseus's counsel to the Achaean assembly

Electra

Oracle of Loxias (Apollo) at Delphi

Iphigenia in Tauris

The Delphic oracle of Apollo · The judgment of the Areopagus (trial of Orestes on Ares' Hill) · The oracle of Loxias (Delphi)

Helen

Oracle of Apollo (concerning Cyprus and a new Salamis)

Phoenissae

Delphic oracle given to Laius · Oracle given to Adrastus concerning a boar and a lion · Teiresias's prophetic art (augury) · The oracle of Loxias (Apollo) given to Laius

Orestes

The Delphic oracle commanding Orestes to kill his mother · The ancestral law of Hellas on bloodguilt (exile, not revenge)

Bacchae

the oracle of Zeus ¶

Iphigenia in Aulis

Argive legend of the judgment of the goddesses · Chiron's prophecy of Achilles' destiny · the oracle demanding Iphigenia's sacrifice · the oracle of Calchas concerning Iphigenia's sacrifice · the poets' tablets recounting Leda and the swan

19 works in the library quote Euripides — 67 citations, each anchored to a verbatim passage in the work that does the quoting.

through Euripides 54 citations · Suppliants 4 citations · Bacchae 3 citations · Medea 2 citations · Hippolytus 1 citation · Heracles 1 citation · Ion 1 citation · Orestes 1 citation

Clement of Alexandria 20 citations · Cicero, Marcus Tullius 10 citations · Dio Chrysostom 10 citations · Hugo Grotius 10 citations · Aristotle 4 citations · Aeschines 3 citations · Basil of Caesarea 3 citations · Plato 2 citations · Aristophanes 1 citation · Demosthenes 1 citation · Henry Sumner Maine 1 citation · Seneca, Lucius Annaeus 1 citation · Xenophon 1 citation

The harvest records where a citation is made: the paragraph in the citing book, and the chapter that paragraph stands in. It does not record which page of Euripides is meant. Where the citing text names a locus, you will find it in the quotation.

1. Stromata Clement of Alexandria 4 authority · 9 neutral · 2 extended · 2 endorsed 17 citations · 39 passages

   book 1 4 passages anchored here · book 2 · book 3 4 passages anchored here · book 4 22 passages anchored here · book 5 4 passages anchored here · book 6 3 passages anchored here · book 7

   Introduced as writing 'variously,' indicating a neutral report of differing verses rather than outright endorsement or refutation.

   and the lovely sandals of the Sirens are fitted on, and I shall go, lifted high into the vast aether, to mingle with Zeus.

2. Orations Dio Chrysostom 2 authority · 2 neutral · 2 refuted · 2 extended · 2 endorsed 10 citations · 12 passages

   oration 2 · oration 7 · oration 32 2 passages anchored here · oration 37 · oration 52 · oration 64 · oration 87 4 passages anchored here · oration 88

   A specific chorus of Euripides is cited to corroborate the point about Menelaus's luxury and lineage.

   'Menelaus, conspicuous to behold in great luxury, being of the blood of the sons of Tantalus.

3. The Rights of War and Peace Hugo Grotius 8 authority · 2 neutral 10 citations

   book i, chapter i. 2 passages anchored here · ch. 9 · ch. 10 · ch. 11 · ch. 20 · ch. 24 2 passages anchored here · ch. 26 · ch. 34

   Explicitly named and quoted in paraphrase as corroborating evidence.

   Plato has established this in his laws, and the same rule prevailed in Greece, as appears from the following passage in Euripides, “our fathers of old did well in banishing from their intercourse and sight any one that had shed another’s blood;

4. Tusculan Disputations Cicero, Marcus Tullius 1 authority · 6 endorsed 7 citations

   book 1 2 passages anchored here · book 3 4 passages anchored here · book 4

   Explicitly cited and used approvingly as support for Cicero's argument.

   For as that heavenly nature is free of earth and of moisture, so the human soul is void of both these things;

5. Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle 4 neutral 4 citations

   book 3 · book 5 · book 6 · book 8

   The passage cites a specific dramatic work and author as an example, without endorsing or refuting its content, but using it to support the argument that some acts are never truly excusable.

   for instance, we think it ridiculous that Alcmaeon in Euripides’ play is compelled by certain threats to murder his mother!

6. Against Timarchus Aeschines 3 authority 3 citations · 4 passages

   against timarchus 4 passages anchored here

   Cited as poetic authority corroborating the claim that Common Report is a divine and truthful witness.

   and again you will find Euripides declaring that this god is able not only to make known the living, revealing their true characters, but the dead as well, when he says, Common Report shows forth the good man, even though he be in the bowels of the earth;

7. Protrepticus Clement of Alexandria 1 neutral · 1 refuted · 1 endorsed 3 citations · 4 passages

   protrepticus 4 passages anchored here

   Cited twice as a dramatic source.

   these sacrifices of yours Euripides puts upon the stage as tragedy.

8. Letters Basil of Caesarea 1 authority · 1 neutral 2 citations

   letter 63 · letter 74

   Basil explicitly names Euripides as the source of the maxim used to defend his claim of friendship in Letter 63.

   "The wise man, though he dwell far off in the land, though I never look upon him with my eyes, I judge a friend":

9. Clouds Aristophanes 1 endorsed 1 citation · 2 passages

   clouds 2 passages anchored here

   A passage of Euripides is quoted in the narration and Phidippides explicitly calls him 'the wisest of poets,' endorsing him against his father's older favorites.

   And he immediately sang a passage of Euripides, how a brother, O averter of ill!

10. De legendis gentilium libris Basil of Caesarea 1 neutral 1 citation

    de legendis gentilium libris

    The line is attributed to Euripides and reported as spoken by a hypothetical hypocrite, not endorsed outright by the narrator.

    But "the tongue has sworn, the mind is unsworn," he will say with Euripides, and will pursue the seeming good before the being good.

11. Lucullus Cicero, Marcus Tullius 1 neutral 1 citation

    book 1

    Euripides is named directly as the source of the Hercules episode used as evidence.

    What of Hercules in Euripides, when, as he pierced the sons of Eurystheus, so he pierced his own with arrows, when he slew his wife, when he tried even to slay his father — was he not moved by false things just as he would be moved by true?

12. On Moral Ends Cicero, Marcus Tullius 1 authority 1 citation

    book 2

    Explicitly named as the author of the quoted verse, said to speak 'not amiss'

    for you all know this Greek verse — 'Sweet is the memory of toils gone by.

13. On the Nature of the Gods Cicero, Marcus Tullius 1 authority 1 citation

    book 2

    Euripides is explicitly quoted and named in support of the argument.

    'You see the boundless ether spread on high, that with its tender embrace clasps the earth round about:

14. On the False Embassy Demosthenes 1 refuted 1 citation · 2 passages

    on the false embassy 2 passages anchored here

    The passage names the work and author while arguing the quotation applies to Aeschines.

    Well, Aeschines, your iambics shall now serve my turn for an observation about you.

15. Dissertations on Early Law and Custom Henry Sumner Maine 1 neutral 1 citation

    ch. 12

    Explicitly cited with anthology reference.

    Euripides, Frag.

16. Republic Plato 1 refuted 1 citation

    book 8

    Explicit attribution to Euripides followed by Socrates's critical response and decision to exclude tragedians who praise tyranny

    Wherefore, said I, being wise as they are, the poets of tragedy will pardon us and those whose politics resemble ours for not admitting them into our polity, since they hymn the praises of tyranny.

17. Symposium Plato 1 neutral 1 citation

    symposium

    Euripides's Melanippe is explicitly named as the source of Eryximachus's opening words.

    The beginning of what I have to say is in the words of Euripides’ Melanippe, for not mine the tale that I intend to tell;

18. Letters to Lucilius Seneca, Lucius Annaeus 1 neutral 1 citation

    letter 115

    Named directly as Euripides's tragedy, reported as an anecdote about audience reaction rather than endorsed or refuted by Seneca directly

    When these last verses had been pronounced in a tragedy of Euripides, the whole people rose up with one impulse to cast out both the actor and the play, until Euripides himself sprang forth into the midst, asking them to wait and to see what end this admirer of gold would make.

19. Cyropaedia Xenophon 1 authority 1 citation

    book 1

    The exclamation invokes Heracles as a divine or heroic authority in speech.

    O Heracles, father, said Cyrus with a laugh, what a man you say I must become!