Falsafa

Comma for either/or — dharma, courage. Spelling forgiving — corage finds courage.

    19th Century · English

    A Treatise on Political Economy (Biddle ed.)

    Jean-Baptiste Say

    A Treatise on Political Economy (Biddle ed.), by Jean-Baptiste Say (1767–1832), a public-domain text from Liberty Fund's Online Library of Liberty.

    Chapters
    82
    Variants
    82
    Genre
    Economics
    Difficulty
    Advanced

    Chapters

    1. 01Introductionprose
    2. 02Book I: Of the Production of Wealth, Book I, Chapter I.: Of What Is to Be Understood by the Term, Production.prose
    3. 03Book I, Chapter II.: Of the Different Kinds of Industry, and the Mode in Which They Concur in Production.prose
    4. 04Book I, Chapter III: Of the Nature of Capital, and the Mode in Which It Concurs in the Business of Production.prose
    5. 05Book I, Chapter IV: On Natural Agents That Assist in the Production of Wealth, and Specially of Land.prose
    6. 06Book I, Chapter V: On the Mode in Which Industry, Capital, and Natural Agents Unite in Production.prose
    7. 07Book I, Chapter VI: Of Operations Alike Common to All Branches of Industry.prose
    8. 08Book I, Chapter VII: Of the Labour of Mankind, of Nature, and of Machinery Respectively.prose
    9. 09Book I, Chapter VIII: Of the Advantages and Disadvantages Resulting from Division of Labour, and of the Extent to Which prose
    10. 10Book I, Chapter IX: Of the Different Methods of Employing Commercial Industry, and the Mode in Which They Concur in Prodprose
    11. 11Book I, Chapter X: Of the Transformations Undergone by Capital in the Progress of Productionprose
    12. 12Book I, Chapter XI: Of the Formation and Multiplication of Capital.prose
    13. 13Book I, Chapter XII: Of Unproductive Capitalprose
    14. 14Book I, Chapter XIII: Of Immaterial Products, or Values Consumed at the Moment of Production.prose
    15. 15Book I, Chapter XIV: Of the Right of Property.prose
    16. 16Book I, Chapter XV: Of the Demand or Market for Products.prose
    17. 17Book I, Chapter XVI: Of the Benefits Resulting from the Quick Circulation of Money and Commodities.prose
    18. 18Book I, Chapter XVII: Of the Effect of Government Regulations Intended to Influence Production.prose
    19. 19Section I.: Effect of Regulations prescribing the Nature of Products.prose
    20. 20Digression, upon What Is Called the Balance of Trade.prose
    21. 21Section II.: Of the Effect of Regulations fixing the Manner of Production.prose
    22. 22Section III.: Of Privileged Trading Companies.prose
    23. 23Section IV.: Of regulations affecting the Corn Trade.prose
    24. 24Book I, Chapter XVIII: Of the Effect upon National Wealth, Resulting from the Productive Efforts of Public Authority.prose
    25. 25Book I, Chapter XIX: Of Colonies and Their Products.prose
    26. 26Book I, Chapter XX: Of Temporary and Permanent Emigration, Considered in Reference to National Wealth.prose
    27. 27Book I, Chapter XXI: Of the Nature and Uses of Money, Section I.: General Remarks.prose
    28. 28Section II.: Of the Material of Money.prose
    29. 29Section III.: Of the Accession of Value a Commodity receives by being Vested with the Character of Money.prose
    30. 30Section IV.: Of the Utility of Coinage, and of the Charge of its Execution.prose
    31. 31Section V.: Of Alterations of the Standard Money.prose
    32. 32Section VI.: Of the reason why Money is neither a Sign nor a Measure.prose
    33. 33Section VII.: Of a Peculiarity that should be attended to, in estimating the Sums mentioned in History.prose
    34. 34Section VIII.: Of the Absence of any fixed ratio of Value between one Metal and another.prose
    35. 35Section IX.: Of Money as it ought to be.prose
    36. 36Section X.: Of a Copper and Base Metal Coinage.prose
    37. 37Section XI.: Of the preferable Form of Coined Money.prose
    38. 38Section XII.: Of the Party, on whom the Loss of the Coin by Wear should properly fallprose
    39. 39Book I, Chapter XXII: Of Signs or Representatives of Money, Section I.: Of Bills of Exchange and Letters of Credit.prose
    40. 40Section II.: Of Banks of Deposit.prose
    41. 41Section III.: Of Banks of Circulation or Discount, and of Bank-notes, or Convertible Paper.prose
    42. 42Section IV.: Of Paper-Money.prose
    43. 43Book II: Of the Distribution of Wealth, Book II, Chapter I: Of the Basis of Value; And of Supply and Demand.prose
    44. 44Book II, Chapter II: The Sources of Revenue.prose
    45. 45Book II, Chapter III: Of Real and Relative Variation of Price.prose
    46. 46Book II, Chapter IV: Of Nominal Variation of Price, and of the Peculiar Value of Bullion and of Coin.prose
    47. 47Book II, Chapter V: Of the Manner in Which Revenue Is Distributed Amongst Society.prose
    48. 48Book II, Chapter VI: Of What Branches of Production Yield the Most Liberal Recompense to Productive Agency.prose
    49. 49Book II, Chapter VII: Of the Revenue of Industry, Section I.: Of the Profits of Industry in general.prose
    50. 50Section II.: Of the Profits of the Man of Science.prose
    51. 51Section III.: Of the Profits of the Master-agent, or Adventurer, in Industry.prose
    52. 52Section IV.: Of the Profits of the Operative Labourer.prose
    53. 53Section V.: Of the Independence accruing to the Moderns from the Advancement of Industry.prose
    54. 54Book II, Chapter VIII: Of the Revenue of Capital.prose
    55. 55Section I.: Of Loans at Interest.prose
    56. 56Section II.: Of the Profits of Capital.prose
    57. 57Section III.: Of the Employments of Capital most beneficial to Society.prose
    58. 58Book II, Chapter IX: Of the Revenue of Land, Section I.: Of the Profit of Landed Property.prose
    59. 59Section II.: Of Rent.prose
    60. 60Book II, Chapter X: Of the Effect of Revenue Derived by One Nation from Another.prose
    61. 61Book II, Chapter XI: Of the Mode in Which the Quantity of the Product Affects Population, Section I.: Of Population, as prose
    62. 62Section II.: Of the influence of the Quality of a national product upon the local distribution of the Population.prose
    63. 63Book III: Of the Consumption of Wealth, Book III, Chapter I: Of the Different Kinds of Consumption.prose
    64. 64Book III, Chapter II: Of the Effect of Consumption in General.prose
    65. 65Book III, Chapter III: Of the Effect of Productive Consumption.prose
    66. 66Book III, Chapter IV: Of the Effect of Unproductive Consumption in General.prose
    67. 67Book III, Chapter V: Of Individual Consumption—its Motives and Its Effects.prose
    68. 68Book III, Chapter VI: On Public Consumption, Section I.: Of the Nature and general Effect of Public Consumption.prose
    69. 69Section II.: Of the principal Objects of National Expenditure.prose
    70. 70Of the Charge of Civil and Judicial Administration.prose
    71. 71Of Charges, Military and Naval.prose
    72. 72Of the Charges of Public Instruction.prose
    73. 73Of the Charges of Public Benevolent Institutions.prose
    74. 74Of the Charges of Public Edifices and Works.prose
    75. 75Book III, Chapter VII: Of the Actual Contributors to Public Consumption.prose
    76. 76Book III, Chapter VIII: Of Taxation, Section I.: Of the Effect of all kinds of Taxation in general.prose
    77. 77Section II.: Of the different Modes of Assessment, and the Classes they press upon respectively.prose
    78. 78Section III.: Of Taxation in Kind.prose
    79. 79Section IV.: Of the Territorial or Land-Tax of England.prose
    80. 80Book III, Chapter IX: Of National Debt, Section I.: Of the Contracting Debt by National Authority, and of its general Efprose
    81. 81Section II.: Of public Credit, its Basis, and the Circumstances that endanger its Solidity.prose
    82. 82Appendix a: A Table, Showing the Result of Value Lent to the State, Appendix B: A table, showing the comparative conditiprose