Caṇḍāla

238[228M] // A Caṇḍāla, a pig, a rooster, and also a dog, a menstruating woman, and a eunuch must not see the twice-born as they eat.

One should not intentionally step on anointing powder, water from a bath, urine and feces, blood, phlegm, spittle, or vomit.

84[83M] // Having touched a Caṇḍāla, a menstruating woman, an outcaste, a woman who has just given birth, a corpse, or one who has touched a corpse, one is purified by bathing.

By not performing them, he would immediately fall to the level of a *caṇḍāla*.

and one marries her, upon knowing the truth, he immediately falls to the level of a *caṇḍāla*.

If a dull-witted person, out of greed and delusion, confers motherhood on other women and performs a rite, he immediately falls to the level of a *caṇḍāla*.

The most sinful in the mixed castes (`saṃkara` (संकर)) is born with two classes in between in the reverse order (`prātilomyena` (प्रातिलोम्येन)):

From a Brāhmaṇa woman are born a Cāṇḍāla (चाण्डाल), a Sūta (सूत), and a Vaidehaka (वैदेहक).

In villages, the search should be conducted by Cāṇḍālas, executioners, and others.

If an unrecognized *caṇḍāla* stays in a house, when he is discovered and has approached them, the *dvijas* should grant their favor.

For contact with *caṇḍālas* for a month or half a month, one is purified in half a month by consuming barley gruel mixed with cow's urine.

Having drunk water from a well that has been touched by the vessel of a *caṇḍāla*, one attains purity in three nights by consuming barley gruel mixed with cow's urine.

[Slo_29s-ab] > *The seller of lime, the seller of palm-wine, the seller of indigo, the launderer, the potter,* [Slo_29s-cd] > *The butcher, the goldsmith, and the dyer—these are the eight Cāṇḍālas.

[Slo_30s-ab] > *Those who have strayed from their own duties and live by the duties of others,* [Slo_30s-cd] > *And who disdain the status of the twice-born—them one should treat like a Śūdra.

They are ordered to join the eight *Cāṇḍāla*s.

For *caṇḍālas*, residence outside the village and wearing the clothes of the dead are special rules.

Execution of criminals is the occupation of the *caṇḍālas*.

And the *caṇḍāla*, the *vaidehaka*, and the *sūta* are the sons of a Brāhmaṇī by a Śūdra, a Vaiśya, and a Kṣatriya respectively. // Vi_16.6 //

One becomes a Caṇḍāla by performing a sacrifice with wealth begged from a Śūdra.

from a Śūdra is born a Caṇḍāla, who is excluded from all `*dharma*`.

One who has intercourse with a widow who acts of her own accord, one who does not run to help when a cry is raised, one who cries out without cause, and a Caṇḍāla who touches a man of a higher `*varṇa*`;

] And the human is of one kind, [ranging] from the brāhmaṇa down to the caṇḍāla.

[VS_11s-ab] *The liquor-seller, the insect-burner, the life-taker, the potter,*

[VS_11s-cd] *and the metal-burner—these five are declared to be the outcastes.

[VS_11j§1] And furthermore, concerning the primary outcastes, they are five in number.

Having unknowingly eaten the food of an outcaste, or by chance the food of a Caṇḍāla, / one is purified in ten nights by a diet of barley gruel mixed with cow's urine.

One born from a fallen ascetic, and one born to a Brahmin woman from a Śūdra man— / both of these should be known as Caṇḍālas, as should one born from a woman of the same *gotra*.

Those who have intercourse with women of the Caṇḍāla and other such castes, or with cows, / are purified by reciting the Aghamarṣaṇa hymn for a fortnight while observing a vow of subsisting on milk.