Induction
idea · 2 works · 6 mentions · 8 anchored passages
induction · defective induction · الاستقراء · al-istiqrāʼ · istiqrāʼ · الاستقراء الناقص · istiqra · surveyed by induction · استقراء ناقص
in the texts
Ansāb al-ʻArab al-qudamāʼ
Induction from particulars to universals, set out as the proper method of establishing a proposition and contrasted with the assumption of a universal in advance.
What comes nearest to right in establishing a proposition is that one should mount within it from the particulars to the universals, so that when the particulars are established the universals are established.
Totemism, then, is one of those weak scientific opinions built upon a defective induction, and it stands in need of sifting and criticism.
The possession by some of the women of the Jāhilīyah of their own marriage-bond in marriage and divorce has been taken as a proof of the sovereignty of mother-right and that the woman is the head of the family — how strange is this conclusion, and how defective this induction!
Kitāb mīzān al-ḥaqq fī al-manṭiq
Complete induction as the condition of any universal judgment, with defective induction named as the flaw both in ethnic generalisations and in the standard proof from effect to effecter.
5 — No universal, general judgment is to be passed unless all the individuals have been surveyed by induction.
have you surveyed by induction all existing things — among them this terrestrial globe and the planets — before this judgment of yours in your saying (every effect must have an effecter)?
And in matters of assent we have two other ways, namely (induction) (*al-istiqrāʼ*) and (deduction) (*al-istintāj*).