Comma for either/or — dharma, courage. Spelling forgiving — corage finds courage.

    The Atlas·Ideas

    Metempsychosis

    idea · 4 works · 4 mentions · 6 anchored passages

    al-tanāsukh · enter the brute herds · metempsychosis · metensomatosis · nafs mutanāsikhah · soul entering animals · tanāsukh · the doctrine of the metempsychosists · transmigration of souls · التناسخ

    in the texts

    Mukhtaṣar fī ʻilm al-nafs al-insānīyahMedieval · Arabic

    Transmigration of souls between bodies, reported in six variants and refuted by arguments from double ensoulment, idleness, numerical mismatch and forgetting.

    The first is impossible, as will appear later in [the proof] that metempsychosis (*tanāsukh*) is impossible (5).
    ch. 15 · printed page 36
    On setting forth the opinions of the proponents of metempsychosis (*tanāsukh*)
    ch. 16 · printed page 38
    On the refutation of all the opinions of the proponents (2) of metempsychosis (*tanāsukh*)
    ch. 17 · printed page 40

    De Rerum NaturaHellenistic · Latin

    The doctrine of metempsychosis or transmigration of souls into animals, attributed to Ennius as a belief he expressed in his poetry.

    Enter the brute herds, as our Ennius sang,
    book 1
    Of Orcus, or by some divine decree
    book 1

    al-Saʻādah fī falsafat al-akhlāqMedieval · Arabic

    The doctrine of transmigration, invoked here only through the punitive reading of animal suffering ascribed to its adherents.

    The pains and aches deposited in the animals are not, as a party of the metempsychosists (al-tanāsukhiyyah) supposed, of the order of punishments for them;
    ch. 5 · printed page 30

    De AnimaLate Antiquity · Latin

    The doctrine that souls pass from one body (human or animal) into another, attacked at length as incoherent and morally void.

    No opinion of this kind of madness, indeed, has to this day broken forth under a heretical name, refashioning human souls into beasts.
    de anima
    We say that the human soul can in no way be transferred into beasts, even if, according to the philosophers, it were reckoned from elemental substances.
    de anima
    But indeed their metempsychosis is the recall of a soul long since dead and repeated into another body.
    de anima