Comma for either/or — dharma, courage. Spelling forgiving — corage finds courage.

    The Atlas·Places

    Hell

    place · 9 works · 10 mentions · 20 anchored passages

    hell · Andhatāmisra · Asipatravana · Avīci · Blind Darkness · Dīpanadī · Jahannam · Kaṇṭakaśālmali · Kuḍmala · Kākola

    spoken of as

    3 expressions

    Mahāraurava“hell”1 mention

    Viṣṇu Smṛti (Sanskrit)

    > A Śūdra who drinks *pañcagavya*, and a Brāhmaṇa who drinks liquor, / > Both of them go to the hell called Mahāraurava.
    chapter 54

    The Hells“Narakas”1 mention

    Viṣṇu Smṛti (Sanskrit)

    32 || > > Dragged here and there by the terrible servants of Yama, / > They are led along with difficulty, in a manner that imitates their sins.
    chapter 43

    The Place of Darkness“Hell”1 mention

    Barlaam and Josaphat (Greek)

    the second, full of darkness and affliction and pain, has been prepared for the devil and his angels, into which will also be cast those who by their wicked works procured it for themselves—those who exchanged the present things for the incorruptible and eternal, and made their whole selves food for the eternal fire.
    chapter 14

    in the texts

    Viṣṇu SmṛtiAncient · Sanskrit

    A named hell to which a transgressing Śūdra or liquor-drinking Brāhmaṇa is condemned.

    > A Śūdra who drinks *pañcagavya*, and a Brāhmaṇa who drinks liquor, / > Both of them go to the hell called Mahāraurava.
    chapter 54
    32 || > > Dragged here and there by the terrible servants of Yama, / > They are led along with difficulty, in a manner that imitates their sins.
    chapter 43
    In these, those who have committed heinous sins without performing *prāyaścitta* are tormented in succession for a Kalpa.
    chapter 43

    Kitāb al-Zawrāʼ wa-al-taʻlīqāt ʻalayhiRenaissance · Arabic

    The otherworldly abode which, on this reading, is the very base character-traits and false beliefs that already encompass the unbelievers in this genesis and will appear upon them in the promised forms.

    the base character-traits and the false beliefs, which encompass them in this genesis, are themselves the very Hell that will appear in the promised forms upon them, as the Lawgiver warned them, upon him be blessing and peace — save that they do not recognize this, because it does not appear upon them in this genesis under those forms;
    ch. 2 · printed page 29
    for the verse in its outward sense indicates the encompassing of the unbelievers by Hell in the present time, and there is no need to turn it away from its outward sense, on the basis of the verification that went before;
    ch. 2 · printed page 28
    (His words, ‘and His saying, exalted be He, «truly those who devour the wealth of orphans wrongfully devour only fire into their bellies»’, and the saying of the Opener and the Seal, upon him and upon his household be the most excellent blessing and greeting, «those who drink from vessels of gold and silver — it is only the fire of Hell that gurgles into their bellies», and his saying, upon him be …
    ch. 2 · printed page 29

    Barlaam and JosaphatMedieval · Greek

    The region of darkness and pain prepared for the devil, his angels, and those who choose wickedness.

    the second, full of darkness and affliction and pain, has been prepared for the devil and his angels, into which will also be cast those who by their wicked works procured it for themselves—those who exchanged the present things for the incorruptible and eternal, and made their whole selves food for the eternal fire.
    chapter 14

    De AnimaLate Antiquity · Latin

    The place of destruction Christ is said to threaten for the soul.

    the soul that He threatens to destroy in hell;
    de anima

    De Carnis ResurrectioneLate Antiquity · Latin

    Hell, referenced as a place of exaction and confinement broken open by Christ and avoided by martyrs.

    For no one, away from the body, dwells at once with the Lord, except by the prerogative of martyrdom, being about to lodge in paradise, namely, not in hell.
    de carnis resurrectione
    So far does he signify that life which broke the adamantine gates of death and the brazen bars of hell, which thenceforth is now ours.
    de carnis resurrectione
    For who would not desire, while he is in the flesh, to be clothed over with immortality and to continue life, death being made gain through a substitutionary transmutation, that he experience not hell, which would exact even to the last farthing?
    de carnis resurrectione

    Bṛhaspati SmṛtiAncient · Sanskrit

    The infernal afterlife destination for kings and assessors who fail in their judicial duty.

    A king who punishes the unpunishable and fails to punish the punishable, incurs great infamy and goes to hell.
    chapter 1
    otherwise, he goes to hell.
    chapter 1
    by overlooking it, they, along with the king, go headlong to hell.
    chapter 1

    Parāśara SmṛtiAncient · Sanskrit

    Realm of punishment described as the destination for those who violate ritual and moral duties.

    Those lowest of *dvijas* who eat without first performing the *Vaiśvadeva*—know that all their efforts are fruitless, and they fall into an impure hell.
    chapter 1
    Those who, prompted by their own intellect, perform the rite otherwise, they become short-lived and fall into an impure hell.
    chapter 5
    Those who are without the *Vaiśvadeva* and are excluded from hospitality to an *atithi*—they all go to hell and are born in the womb of a crow.
    chapter 1

    San Hyan KamahayanikanAncient · Kawi

    The place of suffering/punishment that results from breaking vows or performing unwholesome acts.

    He will return to hell, falling into the cauldron of Yama, to be the dregs of the Copper-Faced Demon.
    chapter 1
    It is a heavy burden carried to hell, for killing is the cause of hell, of finding extremely heavy suffering, and of being born as a ghost (*preta*), an animal, a worm, an ant, and so on.
    chapter 1
    *REFRAINING FROM TAKING WHAT IS NOT GIVEN* means one must not take property if it has not been given.
    chapter 1

    EconomicsClassical · Greek

    The underworld setting for the punishment of Tantalus.

    Despotic rule over unwilling subjects they give, I fancy, to those whom they judge worthy to live the life of Tantalus, of whom it is said that in hell he spends eternity, dreading a second death.
    chapter 21