The sources of Academica

1. Plato 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations

   book 1 2 passages anchored here

   Plato's books are explicitly cited as the source through which Socrates' teaching can be understood.

   And since he said this consistently and remained in this opinion, his whole discourse was spent only in praising virtue and in exhorting men to the pursuit of virtue, as can be understood from the books of the Socratics and chiefly of Plato.

2. letter to Atticus Marcus Tullius Cicero 1 authority 1 citation

   book 3

   The editorial note invokes a specific letter by Cicero to Atticus as the authoritative source establishing the reuse of the Prooemium.

   It opened with a Prooemium (the same preface that Cicero, by his own admission in a letter to Atticus, once mistakenly reused elsewhere).

Each stands at a single passage. The chapter carries the anchors.

book 1 9 sources

Antiochus's writings against Philo · Antipater's volumes against Carneades · Carneades's arguments against the Stoics · Democritus's sayings on the hiddenness of truth · Epicurus's natural philosophy / doctrine of pleasure · Old Academy doctrine as transmitted by Antiochus · Philo's books denying two Academies · the Stoic school's doctrine (Zeno's system) · unspecified conversations/dialogues of Socrates

book 2 2 sources

the Academic doctrine of the probable/truth-like (to pithanon) · the poets' naming of the sea as 'the level plain' (aequor)

The harvest records where a citation is made: the paragraph in the citing book, and the book that paragraph stands in. It does not record which page of this book is meant. Where the citing text names a locus, you will find it in the quotation.

1. Tusculan Disputations Cicero, Marcus Tullius 1 authority 1 citation

   book 2

   Named directly ('four books of my Academica') as a specific prior work relied upon for the case of the Academy.

   and as for what was to be said on behalf of the Academy, I think it has been set out accurately enough in the four books of my Academica.