The sources of Ansāb al-ʻArab al-qudamāʼ

1. Jurjī Zaydān 2 authority · 4 endorsed 6 citations · 8 passages

   statement 2 passages anchored here · ch. 3 4 passages anchored here · ch. 4 · ch. 6

   The author's prior book is named as the occasion and the target of the objection, and he stands by its account.

   The Arabs are reckoned among the most exacting of nations in transmission and the most scrupulous in preserving what they transmit, especially in the first age of Islam, because of their reliance upon memory and their neglect of writing, for reasons we have set forth in the third part of our book The History of Islamic Civilisation.

2. Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia William Robertson Smith 6 refuted 6 citations · 42 passages

   statement 2 passages anchored here · 1 — totemism 2 passages anchored here · ch. 3 4 passages anchored here · ch. 4 22 passages anchored here · 4 — totemism among the arabs 4 passages anchored here · ch. 6 6 passages anchored here · conclusion 2 passages anchored here

   The book is named with its English title, physically described, read in full, and identified as the thesis this treatise sets out to overturn.

   There is in the proofs of Smith, or of any other, for mother-right among the Arabs no explicit statement nor established proof;

3. Herbert Spencer 1 neutral · 2 refuted · 1 endorsed 4 citations · 3 passages

   1 — totemism · ch. 3 · conclusion

   The Arabic title Uṣūl al-ʻumrān is given as one of the works in which Spencer criticised totemism, so the citation carries a refuting stance toward the doctrine.

   Hardly had he published his view when the scholars of society set themselves to criticise it, foremost among them the philosopher Spencer and Sir John Lubbock, the celebrated scholar of society — and the first of these especially, for he poured himself out in criticism of this doctrine in his book «The Principles of Social Order» and his book «The Principles of Civilisation» and others, with which we have no concern.

4. The Torah Moses 4 authority 4 citations · 9 passages

   ch. 3 5 passages anchored here · ch. 4 2 passages anchored here · 4 — totemism among the arabs · ch. 6

   The Torah is invoked in five paragraphs as the authoritative register within which Arab genealogy is located.

   The tracing of the Arabs to Ishmael and Qaḥṭān is established by what has come in the Torah of the genealogies of the nations;

5. Primitive Marriage John Ferguson McLennan 2 neutral · 1 refuted 3 citations · 4 passages

   1 — totemism · ch. 3 2 passages anchored here · ch. 4

   The work is named with Arabic title, English title and publication year purely to establish the doctrine's origin.

   Professor Robertson Smith, the author of the totemism of the Arabs, came upon McLennan's view of the totemism of the Indians of Australia and America and the like, and saw that certain tribes of the Arabs have the names of animals, and found the genealogists differing over the origins of certain tribes;

6. Strabo 1 authority · 1 refuted 2 citations · 7 passages

   ch. 3 · ch. 4 6 passages anchored here

   Strabo is named as a source of legitimacy for the reality of the extinct tribes.

   What then in the age of Strabo, more than nineteen centuries ago, when he was writing about a people whose tongue he did not know and among whom he had not dwelt?

7. The Religion of the Semites William Robertson Smith 1 authority · 1 refuted 2 citations

   statement · ch. 3

   The work is named to certify Smith's competence, which is why the author treats his thesis as worth a book-length answer.

   We perused it at leisure, out of a desire to acquaint ourselves with that view and to weigh it, for its author is among the great ones of the Orientalists, and he has researches and works of consequence upon the East and its letters, such as his book on the religions of the Semites and other of his engaging essays.

8. al-Kamil al-Mubarrad 2 authority 2 citations

   ch. 3 · ch. 6

   The work is cited by page as the documentary source of a quotation.

   [16] (1) Al-Kāmil of al-Mubarrad 454

9. al-Maʻarif Ibn Qutaybah 2 authority 2 citations · 4 passages

   ch. 4 2 passages anchored here · ch. 6 2 passages anchored here

   Ibn Qutaybah's work is cited by title and page as the documentary warrant for the pedigrees on which the refutation of Smith's first proof rests.

   The Banū Ẓāʻinah, for example, were traced to their mother Ẓāʻinah, and they are traced also to their father, so that they are called the Banū Thaʻlabah ibn Murād ibn Udd.

10. the reports of the Arabs Arab transmitters 1 authority · 1 neutral 2 citations · 3 passages

    4 — totemism among the arabs · ch. 6 2 passages anchored here

    The whole Arabic akhbār tradition is invoked as a corpus with its grades of attestation named, an appeal to the received tradition as the governing body of evidence.

    And even were they many, they would hardly support an argument, for the reasons we have set out, and because they are an importation, as you have seen — and we do not say this on the authority of the Arabs' own narration alone, since our author the Professor trusts nothing of their reports except what supports his proof;

11. Ancient Society Lewis Henry Morgan 1 endorsed 1 citation

    ch. 4

    The work is cited with its demonstration accepted as sound and used to dispose of McLennan, which is an endorsing use.

    Moreover McLennan's doctrine of the origin of the family did not long delay in falling by what the critics wrote upon it, and especially Morgan, the American scholar, author of the book The Ordering of Society among the Ancients, who demonstrated that in-marriage does not conflict with mother-right.

12. The Iliad Homer 1 endorsed 1 citation

    ch. 3

    The Iliad is cited as a positive model of how a legend-bearing text is properly handled.

    For what is in the Iliad of Homer of the reports of the gods and their legends did not hinder the scholars from sifting it and distinguishing within it between history, religion and legend.

Each stands at a single passage. The chapter carries the anchors.

statement 1 source

Letter from Margoliouth to the author

1 — totemism 2 sources

Lubbock's criticism of totemism · The doctrine of totemism

ch. 3 15 sources

Dictionaries of the tribes · Geography of Ptolemy · Juristic maxim that the presumption is freedom from liability · Mukhtalif al-qabail wa-mutalifuha · Muqaddimah · Nihayat al-arab fi qabail al-Arab · Poems and proverbs of the Jahili Arabs · Prophetic traditions · Sanskrit books of the ancient Indians · Saying of Umar on learning genealogy · Skizze der Geschichte und Geographie Arabiens · The Jewish Quarterly Review · The Origin of Nations · Verses of Buhayr · al-Iqd al-farid

ch. 4 8 sources

Das Mutterrecht · Eulogius' writings on Islam · Wilken's book on mother-right among the Arabs · Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft · the Qur'an · the code of Hammurabi · travel-books on Syria and Egypt · writings on mother-right and the ordering of the family

4 — totemism among the arabs 2 sources

the books of the Greeks and the Romans · the monuments of Ashur, Thamud, the Yemen and Hadramawt

ch. 6 13 sources

Bughyat al-ṭālibīn · Jamharat ashʻār al-ʻArab · Kitāb al-Ḥayawān · Laṭāʼif al-lughah al-ʻArabīyah · Muʻjam al-buldān · The Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World · al-Ilyādhah al-ʻArabīyah · al-Kashshāf · al-Sīrah al-Nabawīyah · the account of totemism among the savage tribes · the doctrine of evolution · the muʻallaqah of al-Nābighah · Ḥayāt al-ḥayawān

conclusion 3 sources

the criticisms of totemism by the philosophers of civilisation · the doctrine of mother-right among the Arabs · the established principles of civilisation