Maṇḍala 1

1.1.1 Agni I laud, the divine household-priest of the sacrifice, the seasonal officiant, the Hotṛ, the most generous bestower of treasures.

1.1.2 Agni, lauded by the ancient seers and by those of today — may he convey the gods hither.

1.1.3 Through Agni may one attain wealth and prosperity day by day — wealth glorious and abounding in heroes.

1.1.4 O Agni, whatever unblemished sacrifice you encompass on all sides — that one truly reaches the gods.

1.1.5 May Agni the Hotṛ, of poet-wisdom, true, most rich in varied fame, come hither as a god among the gods.

1.1.6 Whatever good, O Agni, you will bestow upon the worshipper — that is indeed your truth, O Aṅgiras.

1.1.7 To you, O Agni, day by day, at the dusk and at the dawn, we come with prayer bearing homage.

1.1.8 To him who reigns over the sacrifices, the guardian of ṛta who shines bright, who grows mighty in his own house —

1.1.9 Be gracious to us, O Agni, as a father to his son. Be our companion for our well-being.

1.2.1 O Vāyu, come here — these Soma-draughts are made ready for you, who are beautiful to behold. Drink of them; hear our invocation.

1.2.2 O Vāyu, the praisers extol you with hymns; those praisers whose Soma is pressed, who know the days of the sacrifice.

1.2.3 O Vāyu, your abundant stream of inspiration goes forth to the worshipper, wide-ranging, for the drinking of Soma.

1.2.4 O Indra and Vāyu, these Soma-juices are pressed; come with your delights, for the Soma-drops long for you both.

1.2.5 O Vāyu and Indra, you two are keen-minded for the pressed juices, O lords rich in vigour. Come swiftly, both of you.

1.2.6 O Vāyu and Indra, come to the pressing of one who extracts the Soma; come quickly hither with your thought, O heroes.

1.2.7 I invoke Mitra of pure power and Varuṇa the consumer of enemies, as they accomplish the inspiration shining with ghee.

1.2.8 Mitra and Varuṇa, who grow great by ṛta and touch ṛta — through ṛta you two attain lofty wisdom.

1.2.9 Mitra and Varuṇa, who are seers, born of great might, dwelling in broad spaces — they two sustain active power and skill.

1.3.1 O Aśvins, lords of beauty with swift hands, lords of sacrificial boons, who enjoy much — find pleasure in these offerings.

1.3.2 O Aśvins, heroes of many wondrous deeds, with powerful thought, with minds attentive — take delight in our hymns.

1.3.3 O marvellous Nāsatyas, with your soma-draughts pressed, the sacred grass strewn — you whose chariot-tracks are those of Rudra — come hither.

1.3.4 O Indra, come hither, O you of radiant splendour; these Soma-juices, pressed for you, are purified through fine filters with the Soma plant.

1.3.5 O Indra, come hither, impelled by prayer, urged by the inspired singer, toward the one who has pressed the Soma, toward the sacred formulas of the sacrificer.

1.3.6 O Indra, come hither swiftly, O lord of the tawny steeds, toward our sacred formulas. At the pressing, establish your favour upon us.

1.3.7 O Viśvedevas — all-protecting, sustaining men — come here; grant boons to the worshipper's pressed Soma.

1.3.8 O all-gods, tireless and swift, come to the pressed Soma — as the shining ones come to their own dawns.

1.3.9 O Viśvedevas, unfailing, possessed of magical power, guileless — may the bearers delight in the oblation.

1.3.10 May Sarasvatī, the purifying one, rich in refreshments and victuals, she who is wealthy in insight — desire our sacrifice.

1.3.11 Sarasvatī, who impels the truthful words and awakens benevolent thoughts — she upholds the sacrifice.

1.3.12 Sarasvatī illumines with her ray the great flood of light; she shines brilliantly over all insights.

1.4.1 We invoke day by day, for help, Indra who fashions beautiful forms — even as one milks a good milch-cow.

1.4.2 Come to our pressings, O drinker of Soma, and drink the Soma. Truly, that exhilaration grants cows and riches.

1.4.3 May we know those who are nearest to you, your most gracious intentions. Do not pass us by — come hither.

1.4.4 Approach Indra the unconquered, the strong one; ask of him who is full of wisdom — he who has the most excellent gift for his friends.

1.4.5 And let our adversaries speak of us only with respect, no matter where they come from — holding Indra alone as their lord.

1.4.6 And may even the enemy call us fortunate, O marvellous one; may the peoples call us so. May we dwell in Indra's shelter.

1.4.7 Come, bring the swift one to the swift, the glory of the sacrifice, the joy of men, the friend who exhilarates as he speeds along.

1.4.8 Having drunk of this, O Śatakratu, you became the slayer of the Vṛtras; you aided the vigorous one in battles for booty.

1.4.9 You, O Śatakratu, vigorous in the battles, we impel to victory — O Indra, for the winning of riches.

1.4.10 Sing to that Indra — who is the great protector of wealth, of easy passage, the friend of the Soma-presser.

1.5.1 Come, sit down here; sing forth to Indra, O companions who carry the hymns of praise.

1.5.2 Indra, the most bountiful of the bountiful, lord of desirable goods — him we honour together with Soma when pressed.

1.5.3 May he be present at our yoking, at our wealth, at our full abundance; may he come to us with vigours.

1.5.4 Sing to that Indra — in whose presence his two tawny steeds are not restrained even in battles by enemies.

1.5.5 For the drinker of the pressed Soma, these bright juices, pressed and mingled with curds, go forth for his enjoyment.

1.5.6 You, O Indra, grew mighty instantly for the drinking of the pressed Soma — for greatness and supremacy, O Sukratu.

1.5.7 May the swift Soma-draughts enter into you, O Indra, who art praised by song; may they bring you joy, O wise one.

1.5.8 The hymns of praise have magnified you, the recitations have magnified you, O Śatakratu. May our songs magnify you.

1.5.9 Indra, with his inexhaustible aid, shall win this thousandfold booty in which all heroic powers reside.

1.5.10 Let no mortal man do harm to our persons, O Indra, praised by songs. As master, ward off the weapon.

1.6.1 They harness the tawny, ruddy one as he moves around those who stand firm; the luminous lights blaze in the sky.

1.6.2 They harness his two lovely tawny steeds, wide-winged, to his chariot — the two ruddy, bold ones, the man-carriers.

1.6.3 Making a beacon for the beaconless, form for the formless, O hero — you were born together with the dawns.

1.6.4 Then, following their inherent power, they were set in motion toward renewed germination — bearing the name worthy of sacrifice.

1.6.5 Even what was hard to break you split, even what was hidden, O Indra, with your carriers; you found the cows that were in the cave.

1.6.6 As those who worship the gods send their hymns toward the one who discovers wealth — so have they sung of the great, far-famed one.

1.6.7 For you are seen together with Indra — united, without fear, both exhilarating and of equal glory.

1.6.8 The liberal one sings brilliantly with his blameless, heavenly ones, with the lovely troops of Indra.

1.6.9 Come hither, O all-pervading one, from this place or from the shining vault of heaven. The hymns meet in him.

1.6.10 From here or from the heaven or from the earthly realm, or from the vast expanse — we implore Indra for his bounty.

1.7.1 The singers with their great songs, the chanters with their chants, the melodists with their melodies — all have sung of Indra.

1.7.2 Indra is together with his two tawny steeds, yoked by the word, all-commingled. Indra wields the vajra and is golden.

1.7.3 For far-reaching sight, Indra set the sun to rise in the sky; he released the light-cows from the rock.

1.7.4 O Indra, protect us in the battles and in the contests for a thousandfold prize — O mighty one, with your mighty aids.

1.7.5 We invoke Indra in the great prize-contest and in the small — the vajra-wielder as our ally in the battles against Vṛtras.

1.7.6 O mighty bull, give us that beautiful offering; grant it completely, the all-giver who is never thwarted.

1.7.7 At each pressing after pressing, the praises of Indra the vajra-wielder grow greater; I find no end to his laudation.

1.7.8 Like a bull leading the herd to the stall, he sets the peoples in motion by his power — the lord, who is never thwarted.

1.7.9 He who alone rules over men and over riches — Indra, lord of the five peoples.

1.7.10 We invoke Indra from all sides, beyond all peoples; may he be ours alone.

1.8.1 O Indra, bring us wealth that wins, that ever conquers, ever prevails — the most excellent wealth for our aid.

1.8.2 By which, with a fist-blow, we may utterly check the Vṛtras — we who are aided by you, with your chariot-horse.

1.8.3 O Indra, aided by you, we would take the vajra as a weapon of smiting; may we conquer our rivals in battle.

1.8.4 We, with our heroic archers, with you, O Indra, as our ally — we would overpower those who strive against us in battle.

1.8.5 Great is Indra now and beyond, and great let his greatness be for the vajra-wielder — his power as broad as the sky.

1.8.6 Whether in battle or in the gaining of offspring, those heroes who are inspired and intent on prayer — they attain him.

1.8.7 His belly, which contains the most Soma, swells like the ocean — like the broad waters at their crest.

1.8.8 For such is his bounty, joyful, mighty, rich in cows — like a ripe branch bending down to the worshipper.

1.8.9 For thus, O Indra, your manifold aids are present even now, immediately, for me your devoted worshipper.

1.8.10 For such is his desirable hymn of praise and the recitation worthy to be proclaimed — for Indra, for the drinking of Soma.

1.9.1 Come, O Indra, rejoice in the Soma-drink with all its Soma-portions; the great invocatory power comes to you with might.

1.9.2 Release him — the exhilarating one — toward Indra at the pressing, for Indra who delights in exhilaration, the performer of all deeds.

1.9.3 Be exhilarated, O fair-jawed one, by the exhilarating praises, O you who look upon all men; be present at these pressings.

1.9.4 They have poured forth your praises, O Indra; they have raised themselves up toward you — eagerly, toward the bull-lord.

1.9.5 Stir hither toward us a wondrous, excellent bounty, O Indra; may it be yours, pervasive and mighty.

1.9.6 O Indra, of great brilliance, of great fame — impel us there, toward wealth, toward the eager and the glorious.

1.9.7 O Indra, grant us broad, mighty fame together with cows and vigour — lasting for all ages, inexhaustible.

1.9.8 Grant us great fame, O Indra, and the brilliance most fruitful of thousands — and those chariot-borne refreshments.

1.9.9 Let us praise with songs Indra, lord of goods, master of riches, worthy of the Ṛgveda-hymns — the one who comes to offer his aid.

1.9.10 At each and every pressing, the praiser who abides at home sings for Indra a great, great song of heroic power.

1.10.1 The Gāyatrī-singers sing to you; the Arka-chanters hymn the Arka to you; the Brāhmaṇas, O Śatakratu, have raised you up like a bamboo pole.

1.10.2 As he climbs from ridge to ridge, discerning the many deeds to be done — Indra perceives the purpose and goes forth with his troop, the bull.

1.10.3 Harness your two maned, tawny stallions, vigorous, filling the girth-strap; then come, O Indra, drinker of Soma, within hearing of our songs.

1.10.4 Come, resound toward the praises, roar forth toward us; attend to our sacred utterance, O Indra, O master, and strengthen our sacrifice.

1.10.5 A recitation praiseworthy and magnifying for Indra who dwells in many places — so that Śakra may rejoice in our pressings and in our friendships.

1.10.6 Him we implore for friendship, him for wealth, him for valour of heroes; may Śakra — and Indra while sharing his riches — be able to help us.

1.10.7 Well-spread and well-brightened — truly the glory given by you, O Indra; open the stall of the cows; O boulder-wielder, bestow your bounty.

1.10.8 Neither of the two worlds can constrain you as you thunder; win the sun-bright waters; shake the cows together for us.

1.10.9 O you whose ears listen to our cry — hear now my invocation; receive my songs, O Indra; make this my hymn the most intimate of allies.

1.10.10 For we know you as the most virile bull in the battles, heard when invoked; of this most virile one we implore the aid most fruitful of thousands.

1.10.11 Come now, O Indra of the Kuśika clan, exhilarated, and drink the pressed Soma; prolong a new life for us; make the seer win a thousandfold.

1.10.12 May these songs encompass you on all sides, O lover of praise; as the grown ones follow the elder, may the beloved praises be pleasing.

1.11.1 All hymns, vast as the ocean, have magnified Indra — the best charioteer among charioteers, the true lord of prizes, the sovereign of all.

1.11.2 In friendship with you, O Indra, in your companionship of strength-bestowing bounty, may we not fear, O lord of might. We laud you who are the unconquered conqueror.

1.11.3 Indra's many gifts and his aids do not fail, whenever he bestows the wealth of cattle along with prizes upon those who praise him.

1.11.4 He was born as the breaker of fortresses, young and wise, of immeasurable might — Indra, the upholder of every action, the wielder of the vajra, lauded by many.

1.11.5 You, O stone-armed one, uncovered the cave of Vala filled with cattle. The gods, themselves fearless, revealed you as you were being urged forward.

1.11.6 By your bounties, O hero, I have approached, singing aloud, the river. Those who delight in your praises, O praise-lover, have drawn near, knowing your might.

1.11.7 By your wiles, O Indra, you have overthrown Śuṣṇa the wily. The wise who know this deed of yours — lift up their glories.

1.11.8 The praises have sung forth to Indra who rules by his might — he whose gifts are a thousand, or even more.

1.12.1 We choose Agni as our messenger, the hotar of all wisdom, the one of fine insight for this sacrifice.

1.12.2 They ever invoke Agni upon Agni with offerings — the lord of the house, the carrier of oblations, the one greatly beloved.

1.12.3 O Agni, being born, bring hither the gods for him who has strewn the sacred grass. You are the hotar worthy of our praise.

1.12.4 Awaken those eager gods when you go, O Agni, on your mission as messenger. Sit down on the sacred grass with the gods.

1.12.5 O Agni, you who blaze and are invoked with ghee — burn away those who assail us. Protect us, O Agni.

1.12.6 Agni is kindled by Agni — the seer, the young lord of the household, the carrier of oblations, he whose mouth is the ladle.

1.12.7 Praise Agni the seer, who upholds the true ordinance at the sacrifice — the god who drives away disease.

1.12.8 Whosoever, as lord of offerings, honours you, O Agni, as his divine messenger — be his protector and helper.

1.12.9 He who, bearing oblations, attends upon Agni for the enjoyment of the gods — show grace to him, O Pāvaka.

1.12.10 So blaze for us, O Pāvaka Agni, and bring the gods hither to our sacrifice and our oblation.

1.12.11 Being praised by us, bring to us with the ever-new gāyatra hymn wealth rich in heroes, and nourishment.

1.12.12 O Agni, with your bright flame and with all the invocations of the gods, accept this hymn of praise from us.

1.13.1 Well kindled, O Agni, bring the gods hither to the one who offers oblations. O hotar, O Pāvaka, worship them too.

1.13.2 O Tanūnapāt, O seer, make our sweet sacrifice a delight for the gods today.

1.13.3 I invoke here the beloved Narāśaṁsa at this sacrifice — he of honeyed tongue, formed by oblations.

1.13.4 O Agni, on your most pleasant chariot bring hither the gods who are praised. You are the hotar established by Manu.

1.13.5 Let the wise strew the sacred grass in succession, ghee-backed, where is the seat of the immortal.

1.13.6 Let the divine doors, those that augment ṛta, ever-flowing, swing open — for the worship offered today and henceforth.

1.13.7 Night and Dawn, beautifully adorned — I invoke them both at this sacrifice to sit upon our sacred grass.

1.13.8 I invoke the two eloquent divine hotars, seers both — may they worship this sacrifice of ours.

1.13.9 Iḷā, Sarasvatī, and Mahī — three goddesses bestowing bliss — let them, unfailing, take their seats on the sacred grass.

1.13.10 I invoke here Tvaṣṭar, the foremost, of all forms — may he belong to us alone.

1.13.11 O divine Vanaspati, release the oblation toward the gods. May there be discernment for the giver.

1.13.12 With svāhā, make the sacrifice in the house of the worshipper for Indra. There I invoke the gods.

1.14.1 O Agni, with these ministrations and hymns, come with all the gods for the drinking of Soma, and worship.

1.14.2 The Kaṇvas have called to you; the inspired ones declare your praises. Come, O Agni, with the gods.

1.14.3 Indra and Vāyu, Bṛhaspati, Mitra and Agni, Pūṣan and Bhaga, the Ādityas, and the host of Maruts.

1.14.4 The Soma drops are being pressed for you — exhilarating, causing rapture, drops of sweetness that settle in the cups.

1.14.5 The Kaṇvas, seeking your aid, who have strewn the sacred grass, bearing offerings, fully prepared — they praise you.

1.14.6 The carriers whose backs are anointed with ghee, yoked by the mind, who convey you — they bring the gods for the drinking of Soma.

1.14.7 Make those worthy of sacrifice, those augmenters of ṛta, come with their consorts, O Agni. Give them to drink of the sweet Soma, O you of good tongue.

1.14.8 Those who are worthy of sacrifice, those who are praiseworthy — let them drink by means of your tongue, O Agni, with the call of vaṣaṭ, from the sweet draught.

1.14.9 The inspired hotar will bring hither all the gods who awake at dawn from the luminous realm of the sun.

1.14.10 O Agni, drink the sweet Soma with all the gods, with Indra, with Vāyu, with the established ordinances of Mitra.

1.14.11 You, O Agni, are the hotar established by Manu; you take your seat at the sacrifices. Worship this our non-violent sacrifice.

1.14.12 Yoke the ruddy mares to the chariot and the bay steeds, O divine Rohita. With them bring the gods hither.

1.15.1 Drink the Soma in due order, O Indra; let the drops enter you — those exhilarating ones, those that are at home in that.

1.15.2 O Maruts, drink in due order from the purifier's vessel; purify the sacrifice. You are, indeed, great givers.

1.15.3 Celebrate our sacrifice, O Neṣṭar; drink in due order with the wives of the gods. For you are indeed the one who holds treasure.

1.15.4 O Agni, bring the gods hither and seat them in the three stations. Attend on them, and drink in due order.

1.15.5 From the brāhmaṇa's bounty, O Indra, drink the Soma through the succession of seasons. Truly, your friendship is undiminished.

1.15.6 You two, O Mitra and Varuṇa, who hold firm your vows, who guide insight that is hard to attain — you two obtain the sacrifice in due season.

1.15.7 Those who are wealthy and give wealth, pressing-stone in hand at the sacrifice, they praise the god at the sacrifices.

1.15.8 May Draviṇodas give us the treasures which are renowned. We shall win those among the gods.

1.15.9 Draviṇodas desires to drink; pour the oblation and advance. Be sent forth through the seasons from the Neṣṭar's cup.

1.15.10 When we worship you, O Draviṇodas, as the fourth through the seasons — then indeed become a giver to us.

1.15.11 O Aśvins, drink the honey — you whose fire blazes, of pure vows, who carry the sacrifice in due season.

1.15.12 By the fire of the gārhapatya, O truthful one, you are the guide of the sacrifice in due season. Worship the gods for the god-devoted worshipper.

1.16.1 May the bay steeds bring you, O bull among gods, for the drinking of Soma, O Indra — you who are seen by the sun.

1.16.2 These grain offerings, dripping with ghee — the two bays shall bring Indra hither on his most pleasant chariot.

1.16.3 We invoke Indra at dawn, we invoke Indra at the advance of the sacrifice, we invoke Indra for the drinking of Soma.

1.16.4 Come to our pressed Soma, O Indra, with your flowing-maned bay steeds. For at the pressing we invoke you.

1.16.5 Come to this our hymn of praise, and to this pressing of the Soma. Drink like a thirsty bull.

1.16.6 These are the Soma drops, pressed and set out upon the sacred grass. Drink them, O Indra, for your strength.

1.16.7 May this hymn, foremost of all, touch your heart and be most pleasing to you. Then drink the pressed Soma.

1.16.8 Indra, the slayer of Vṛtra, goes to every pressing of the Soma that has been pressed, for exhilaration and for drinking.

1.16.9 Fill up this our desire with cattle and horses, O you of a hundred powers. We who are devoted to deep thought praise you.

1.17.1 I take refuge with Indra and Varuṇa, the two universal sovereigns. May they two show us grace in such need as this.

1.17.2 For you two come to the aid of the call of the inspired poet who praises you. You are the upholders of the peoples.

1.17.3 O Indra and Varuṇa, gratify us to our heart's desire with wealth. We approach you two most closely.

1.17.4 May we be among those whose mighty deeds belong to you two, whose benevolent thoughts belong to you two, among those who receive gifts of prize.

1.17.5 Indra becomes the inspiration worthy of hymn among those who give a thousandfold; Varuṇa becomes so among those worthy of praise.

1.17.6 By the protection of those two alone may we gain victory and lay low our foes. May there be an overflowing gift.

1.17.7 O Indra and Varuṇa, I invoke you two for brilliant bounty. Make us thoroughly victorious.

1.17.8 O Indra and Varuṇa, now at this moment in the thoughts that are striving to reach you — grant shelter to us.

1.17.9 O Indra and Varuṇa, may the perfect praise which I call upon reach you — the joint hymn of praise at which you two rejoice.

1.18.1 O Bṛhaspati, make the Soma drinker resound — Kakṣīvat, the son of Uśij.

1.18.2 He who is wealthy, who drives away disease, who finds prosperity, who augments well-being — may that swift one attend upon us.

1.18.3 May the harmful intent of a malicious mortal not overcome us. Protect us, O Bṛhaspati.

1.18.4 That hero truly does not come to harm whom Indra and Bṛhaspati and Soma urge forward.

1.18.5 You, O Bṛhaspati, and Soma, and Indra — together with Dakṣiṇā guard that mortal from distress.

1.18.6 I have approached the wondrous lord of the assembly, the beloved and dear to Indra, seeking from him wisdom and intelligence.

1.18.7 Without whom the sacrifice does not succeed, not even that of the wise man — he, Bṛhaspati, controls the yoking of inspired thoughts.

1.18.8 He brings to completion the preparation of offerings, makes the sacrifice proceed forward; the hotrā rite goes to the gods.

1.18.9 I have beheld Narāśaṁsa most bold and most widely famed, shining like the dwelling-place of heaven.

1.19.1 You are invoked for the protection of this dear sacrifice. Come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.2 No god, no mortal, surpasses your great might. Come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.3 Who know the great firmament, all the gods without deceit — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.4 Who in their might have reached toward the sun's hymn, irresistible in power — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.5 Who are brilliant, of terrible forms, lords of fine dominion, destroyers of enemies — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.6 Who sit as gods in heaven upon the shining vault of the sky — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.7 Who cause the mountains to tremble, across the surging ocean's flood — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.8 Who stretch their rays of light with might across the ocean — come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.19.9 I release the sweet Soma drink to you for the first drinking. Come, O Agni, with the Maruts.

1.20.1 This hymn of praise has been fashioned with devotion by the inspired seers for the divine birth — the most treasure-laden of hymns.

1.20.2 Those who, for Indra, fashioned by mind the two bays joined by speech — the Ṛbhus — they attained the sacrifice with their labours.

1.20.3 They fashioned for the two Nāsatyas a chariot that travels everywhere and is pleasant. They fashioned the cow that yields milk in abundance.

1.20.4 The Ṛbhus, with true incantations and straight-going, made the two parents youthful again; they accomplished it through their skill.

1.20.5 Your intoxicating Soma-draughts have come together, along with Indra accompanied by the Maruts, and with the royal Ādityas.

1.20.6 And they fashioned again into four that single cup made by the divine Tvaṣṭar — making one into four.

1.20.7 Do you set treasures upon us — thrice seven in number — for the one who presses Soma, one by one with your perfect praises.

1.20.8 The Ṛbhus, as divine bearers, sustained all; by their excellent deeds they obtained a share worthy of sacrifice among the gods.

1.21.1 Here I invoke Indra and Agni together; it is their praise that we desire. Those two, who are the most avid drinkers of Soma, come drink the Soma.

1.21.2 Praise those two, Indra and Agni, at the sacrifices; adorn them, O men. Sing of those two in the Gāyatrī metres.

1.21.3 For the glory of Mitra, we invoke those two, Indra and Agni — those Soma-drinkers — to drink the Soma.

1.21.4 We invoke the two mighty ones for this pressing where the Soma is expressed. Let Indra and Agni come hither.

1.21.5 Those two great lords of the assembly, Indra and Agni, crush the demons. May those who devour without offspring remain childless.

1.21.6 By that truth, keep vigilant watch over the highly luminous station. Indra and Agni, grant us shelter.

1.22.1 Arouse the two who yoke their chariot at dawn — let the Aśvins come hither to drink of this Soma.

1.22.2 Those two gods with the excellent chariot, the most chariot-skilled of all, touching heaven — those two Aśvins we invoke.

1.22.3 That whip of yours, O Aśvins, honey-sweet and full of true, joyful speech — with it refresh the sacrifice.

1.22.4 There is no far distance for you, wherever you go by chariot — O Aśvins, the Soma-presser's house is not remote to you.

1.22.5 For our aid I invoke golden-handed Savitṛ; he it is who points out the station of the gods.

1.22.6 Praise Savitṛ, the child of the waters, for our protection; his ordinances we desire to follow.

1.22.7 We invoke the distributor of brilliant and various treasures, Savitṛ who looks upon all men.

1.22.8 Friends, be seated here — Savitṛ is now worthy of our praise; the giver adorns bountiful gifts.

1.22.9 O Agni, bring hither the willing consorts of the gods, and Tvaṣṭṛ, to drink the Soma.

1.22.10 O youngest Agni, bring the divine wives hither for our protection — Hotrā, Bhāratī, Varūtrī, and Dhiṣaṇā.

1.22.11 May the divine wives of heroes, with their unbroken wings, accompany us with great shelter and protection.

1.22.12 Here I invoke Indrāṇī and Varuṇānī for well-being, and Agnāyī to drink the Soma.

1.22.13 Let great Heaven and Earth refresh this our sacrifice; let them fill us with their nourishing powers.

1.22.14 The inspired sages, with their thoughts, lick the ghee-rich milk of those two at the firm station of the Gandharva.

1.22.15 Be gentle, O Earth, thornless and good for settling; grant us wide shelter.

1.22.16 From that quarter whence Viṣṇu strode, through the seven stations of the earth, may the gods protect us.

1.22.17 Viṣṇu strode across this universe; three times he planted his step; it is gathered together in his dust-filled footprint.

1.22.18 Viṣṇu, the undeceivable guardian, strode his three steps, upholding the cosmic laws from that foundation.

1.22.19 Behold the deeds of Viṣṇu, from whom he set in motion his ordinances — the worthy ally and friend of Indra.

1.22.20 That highest step of Viṣṇu the wise ones always behold, spread out like an eye in the sky.

1.22.21 The inspired and eloquent poets, ever wakeful, kindle together that highest step of Viṣṇu.

1.23.1 Come to the potent, mixed Soma juices, these that are pressed and ready. O Vāyu, drink of those that are set forth.

1.23.2 We invoke both gods who touch the sky, Indra and Vāyu, to drink of this Soma.

1.23.3 The inspired poets invoke for protection Indra and Vāyu, swift as thought, the thousand-eyed lords of wisdom.

1.23.4 We invoke Mitra and Varuṇa to drink the Soma — the two born with pure discernment.

1.23.5 Those two who by ṛta increase ṛta, the lords of the light of ṛta — those two, Mitra and Varuṇa, I invoke.

1.23.6 May Varuṇa be our promoter and Mitra with all his aids; may those two of excellent bounty act on our behalf.

1.23.7 We invoke Indra, accompanied by the Maruts, to drink the Soma; let him be satisfied together with the host.

1.23.8 The troops of Maruts with Indra as chief, the gods who give gifts like Pūṣan — all of you, hear my call.

1.23.9 You generous ones, slay Vṛtra along with Indra your mighty ally; let no evil-speaker rule over us.

1.23.10 We invoke all the gods, the Maruts, to drink the Soma — mighty they are, born of the dappled cow Pṛśni.

1.23.11 Like the thunder of conquerors, the rumble of the Maruts advances boldly — whatever splendor you possess, O heroes, as you go.

1.23.12 Born from the ha-sound and the lightning flash, may they protect us from that. May the Maruts be gracious to us.

1.23.13 O shining Pūṣan, bring back the brilliant sacrificial seat, the pillar of heaven, as a goat-herd leads back a lost animal.

1.23.14 The shining Pūṣan, the king, found the one hidden away, laid in a secret place — he found the one with the brilliant sacred grass.

1.23.15 And he has closely tracked it for me with the Soma-drops, with six yoked ones, as if ploughing barley with cattle.

1.23.16 The mothers go along the sacrificial paths, the sisters of the ritual performers, mixing their milk with honey.

1.23.17 Those waters yonder that are beside the sun, and those with whom the sun goes — let them speed our sacrifice.

1.23.18 I invoke the divine waters where our cattle drink; the oblation is to be made to the rivers.

1.23.19 Within the waters is ambrosia, in the waters is medicine; for the praise of the waters, O gods, be endowed with vigor.

1.23.20 Soma has told me that within the waters are all medicines, and Agni who is universally beneficent, and the waters who are universally healing.

1.23.21 O Waters, provide medicine and protection for my body, that I may long see the sun.

1.23.22 O Waters, carry away from me whatever evil there is in me, whether I have committed treachery, or cursed, or spoken falsehood.

1.23.23 Today I have moved through the waters; we have merged with their essence. O Agni, come full of milk; unite me with vital radiance.

1.23.24 O Agni, unite me with vital radiance, with offspring, with long life. May the gods know me for this; may Indra know it together with the seers.

1.24.1 Whose dear name among the immortals do we now celebrate? Who will give us back to great Aditi, so that I may see my father and my mother?

1.24.2 We celebrate the dear name of Agni, the first among the immortals. May he give us back to great Aditi, that I may see my father and my mother.

1.24.3 O god Savitṛ, master of all desirable things, always beneficent one, we beg our share.

1.24.4 For he who thus has diligently served you, Bhaga, is kept free from censure and without enmity in his hands.

1.24.5 We, who are partakers of your portion, Bhaga, would rise up through your aid; we take hold of the summit of wealth.

1.24.6 Not your dominion, nor your might, nor your anger — not even birds in flight have reached them. Not these unblinking, ever-flowing waters, nor those who do not diminish the force of the wind.

1.24.7 In the bottomless space, King Varuṇa of pure discernment holds up the crown of the tree upright; the rays are set downward, their roots are above; may their beams be implanted within us.

1.24.8 King Varuṇa has made wide the path for the sun to travel; he has placed feet for the footless to walk by, and also removed the heart-piercers.

1.24.9 O King, you have a hundred healers, a thousand; wide and deep be your benevolence. Drive away Nirṛti far from us; release us even from the sin we have committed.

1.24.10 Those stars set on high — seen by night — where do they go in the daytime? The inviolable ordinances of Varuṇa are displayed as the moon travels by night.

1.24.11 Praising you with sacred prayer I approach you; the sacrificer commissions you with oblations. Without offense, Varuṇa, be aware here; widely praised one, do not steal away our life.

1.24.12 That they say to me by night, that by day — this same message my heart discerns from within. He whom Śunaḥśepa called when bound — may that King Varuṇa release us.

1.24.13 For Śunaḥśepa called out when seized, when bound to three posts, upon the son of Aditi. May King Varuṇa release him; knowing, undeceived, may he loose the bonds.

1.24.14 With obeisances we seek to remove your wrath, O Varuṇa; with sacrifices and oblations we implore. Ruling over us, O Asura of deep wisdom, O King, you loosen the sins we have committed.

1.24.15 O Varuṇa, release from us the uppermost bond, loosen the lowermost and slacken the middle. Then, O son of Aditi, under your ordinance, may we be free of sin before Aditi.

1.25.1 Whatever ordinance of yours, O god Varuṇa, we transgress day by day, as men do —

1.25.2 Do not deliver us, when you are provoked, to the blow of death; do not deliver us to the anger of the one who is angry.

1.25.3 We would stretch out your mind toward granting grace, as a charioteer pulls in a horse — O Varuṇa, with songs of praise.

1.25.4 For my errant longings fly away in search of wealth, like birds toward their nests.

1.25.5 When shall we win Varuṇa the man of heroic glory, wide-seeing, who grants grace?

1.25.6 Both of them seek the same thing, longing for it without failing — for the steadfast-vowed one, to the worshipper who offers.

1.25.7 He knows the track of birds flying through the atmosphere; he knows the course of the ships on the sea.

1.25.8 Varuṇa of steadfast ordinances knows the twelve months with their offspring; he knows what is born in addition.

1.25.9 He knows the path of the wide, exalted, and great wind; he knows those who dwell on high.

1.25.10 Varuṇa of steadfast ordinances, the wise-minded one, has taken his seat in the dwellings for sovereign kingship.

1.25.11 From there, all-knowing, he looks down upon all marvels — what has been done and what is to be done.

1.25.12 May the wise-minded Āditya set us on good paths every day; may he prolong our lives.

1.25.13 Varuṇa wears a golden cloak and a shining garment; his spies have settled all around.

1.25.14 The deceivers do not deceive him; those who injure people, and the demons who assail him, cannot harm that god.

1.25.15 And whoever among men has spread his fame without limit — even within our midst.

1.25.16 My thoughts go forth seeking him, like cattle following the pasture path, seeking the wide-seeing one.

1.25.17 Let us speak together again, from whom honey has been brought for me; you enjoy the dear offering, like a priest at the rite.

1.25.18 Now let me behold the one visible to all, behold the chariot upon the earth; let these my songs find favor.

1.25.19 Hear this my call, O Varuṇa, and be gracious to me today; I come to you desiring your help.

1.25.20 You, the wise, reign over all of heaven and earth; hear me in your course of travel.

1.25.21 Release the uppermost bond from us, loosen the middle one; unloose the lowest ones, that we may live.

1.26.1 Put on the sacrificial garments, O Lord of food and strength, and perform this sacrifice of ours.

1.26.2 Let the excellent Hotṛ-priest be seated for us always, youngest Agni, with our hymns — with speech that reaches heaven.

1.26.3 For indeed the father sacrifices as a friend for his son, and for his family — a worthy friend to the friend.

1.26.4 Let Varuṇa, Mitra, and Aryaman — devourers of the wicked — take their seats on our sacred grass, as befits Manu's descendants.

1.26.5 O primal Hotṛ, rejoice in this rite of ours and in our friendship; hear well now these our songs.

1.26.6 However unceasingly we sacrifice to each god in turn, the oblation is indeed poured into you, O Agni.

1.26.7 May the lord of the clan, the joyful and excellent Hotṛ, be dear to us; may we who tend Agni well be dear to him.

1.26.8 For the gods have given us desirable boons because we tend Agni well; as tenders of Agni we take thought.

1.26.9 And so, O immortal one, let there be mutual praises between us mortals and you — between both parties.

1.26.10 O Agni, with all the fires, sustain this sacrifice and this speech; O son of strength, bestow delight.

1.27.1 We would praise you, O Agni, with reverences, as a horse adorned with a mane — sovereign king of all sacrificial rites.

1.27.2 May he — the son who goes forth broadly with strength, most beneficent — become our bountiful one, showering gifts.

1.27.3 May he protect us always, he who lives for all — from the mortal who would harm us from near and from far.

1.27.4 Now do announce this prize-song of ours, this newest Gāyatra hymn, O Agni, among the gods.

1.27.5 Grant us a share in the highest prizes, in the middle prizes; let us win a share of the innermost wealth.

1.27.6 You are the distributor, O brilliant-shining one, near at hand like the wave of a river; you flow immediately to the worshipper.

1.27.7 The mortal whom you aid in battles, O Agni, whom you speed in contests — he becomes the perpetual ruler of refreshments.

1.27.8 No one at all can overcome his prize — none can encompass it from any side; his vigor is worthy of fame.

1.27.9 May he, the all-pervading one, be the winner of the prize with swift steeds; may he be the winner of it with inspired singers.

1.27.10 O Agni, awakened by the elder's praise, kindle that visible hymn of praise to Rudra, fitting for each people at the sacrifice.

1.27.11 May the great, blameless, smoke-bannered, many-radiant one impel us toward wisdom and prize.

1.27.12 Like a wealthy lord of the clan, the divine banner, great-rayed Agni — let him hear us with our hymns.

1.27.13 Homage to the great, homage to the small, homage to the young, and homage to the old. We sacrifice to the gods if we are able; O gods, do not cut us off from the praise of the greater one.

1.28.1 Where the broad-based pressing-stone stands upright for pressing — Indra's gaping throat knows well of those who press in the mortar.

1.28.2 Where the two pressing boards are made, set up like two thighs — Indra's gaping throat knows well of those who press in the mortar.

1.28.3 Where a woman learns to rock the mortar back and forth — Indra's gaping throat knows well of those who press in the mortar.

1.28.4 Where they fasten the churning stick with cords as if to rein in horses — Indra's gaping throat knows well of those who press in the mortar.

1.28.5 O little mortar, however you are employed in house after house, here sound out the most brilliant noise, like the battle-drum of conquerors.

1.28.6 And the wind blows across your front, O lord of the wood; therefore, mortar, press out the Soma for Indra to drink.

1.28.7 The two most devoted to sacrifice and winning prizes — they resound aloft, like Indra's two bay steeds devouring the oblations.

1.28.8 Today may those two lordly ones of the forest, with exalted pressers, press out the honey-sweet Soma for Indra.

1.28.9 Bring the remnant from the two bowls; pour the Soma through the filter; lay it down upon the cow-hide.

1.29.1 Though we seem, O true Soma-drinker, like men without praise — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.2 O cheek-flanged lord of prizes, O Śacī-powered one, great are your wondrous deeds — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.3 Lull to sleep those two, gazing in opposite directions, who lie not waking — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.4 Let those hostile ones sleep, let the generous gifts awake, O hero — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.5 O Indra, crush together the braying donkey with that wicked device — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.6 The Kuṇḍṛṇā bird flies far away above the forest on the wind — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.29.7 Slay with your jaws all-encompassing clamor and the Kṛkadāśva — do bring us fame, O Indra, in cattle, in bright horses, in thousands, O greatly bountiful one.

1.30.1 Seeking the prize, pour for him who has a hundred powers, great Indra, with the Soma drops — pour for the most bountiful one, as for a Krivi.

1.30.2 Whether a hundred of the pure ones or a thousand of the mixed ones — still it flows down like water to the hollow.

1.30.3 When the potent one is gathered for intoxication — for it is within his belly — it spreads out like an ocean in the expanse.

1.30.4 This Soma too has sped to you like a pigeon to its nest; yet you do not heed even that speech.

1.30.5 May the praise of the lord of bounties, you O hero who carry hymns, whose abundance is real and joyful, be proclaimed.

1.30.6 Stand upright for our aid in this prize-contest, O you of a hundred powers; let us speak together about the others too.

1.30.7 In each and every yoking, in each and every prize-race, as friends we invoke Indra for our aid, the ever more powerful one.

1.30.8 Surely he will come if he hears — with his thousandfold aids and prizes — to our call.

1.30.9 In the track of the ancient house I invoke the man of great counter-thrust, whom your father previously invoked.

1.30.10 You who are all-desirable, O much-invoked one, we beseech you — O friend and lord, bestow on the singers.

1.30.11 O Soma-drinker, friend of those who drink Soma, O wielder of the thunderbolt, be the friend of our cheek-flanged warriors.

1.30.12 Let it be so, O Soma-drinker, O friend with the thunderbolt, make it so — as we desire for your favor.

1.30.13 May our companions in joy at Indra's feast be rich and full of many prizes, the sustaining ones with which we would exult.

1.30.14 Truly one such as you, self-achieved, proceeding boldly to the singers, unlocks the wheel-axle as it were from its wheels.

1.30.15 When, O you of a hundred powers, you fulfill the desire of the singers, you loosen the wheel-axle with your deeds of might.

1.30.16 Indra has ever conquered wealth with snorting, roaring, triumphant steeds. May he, the wonder-working one with the golden chariot, be our winner and give to us.

1.30.17 O Aśvins, come on this horse-rich path with your mighty power; come, O wondrous ones, with cattle and with gold.

1.30.18 For your chariot, O wondrous immortal Aśvins, is yoked by the same yoking; it courses over the sea.

1.30.19 You have set the wheel of your chariot upon the head of the inviolable cow; the other one revolves around the sky.

1.30.20 Who of the mortals enjoys you, O Uṣas, O beloved of Kadhapri, O immortal one? Whom do you seek, O you of many lights?

1.30.21 For we have pondered you, O ruddy one bright as a horse, from near and from far away.

1.30.22 Come with those prizes, O daughter of heaven; bestow wealth upon us.

1.31.1 You, O Agni, became the first among the Aṅgirases — a seer, a god, an auspicious friend of the gods. In your ordinance the poets, skillful in sacred knowledge, were born — the Maruts with gleaming spears.

1.31.2 You, O Agni, most foremost of the Aṅgirases, as a seer you adorn the ordinance of the gods. All-pervading, wise for all the worlds, born of two mothers, you rest in many ways for man's benefit.

1.31.3 You, O Agni, were first revealed by Mātariśvan to Vivasvat through your power of right action. Heaven and Earth trembled at the heroic deed of the Hotṛ; great One, you bore the burden [of sacrifice] and duly worshipped.

1.31.4 You, O Agni, made heaven resound for Manu; for righteous Purūravas you were even more beneficent. When by a dog's [Śyāva's] means you were taken away from your parents, they brought you forth first and then again a second time.

1.31.5 You, O Agni, are the bull who increases nourishment; you become praiseworthy for him who lifts the ladle. As the sole life-force you who know the oblation and the vaṣaṭ-call attend upon the clans at the head.

1.31.6 You, O Agni, on the crooked path carry the man [safely] in your company, all-seeing one, at the assembly. He who, in a contest of heroes, in a contest for stakes, slays even many arrayed opponents with [his] few.

1.31.7 You, O Agni, establish that mortal man in the highest immortality for fame day by day — him who striving for both worlds you gladden, O Agni, and give refreshment to the pious one.

1.31.8 O Agni, being praised, make our singer renowned for the winning of wealth. May we prosper through new action and work; may Heaven and Earth, together with the gods, protect us.

1.31.9 You, O Agni, in the lap of our parents, a god blameless among the gods, keep vigil. Be the body-fashioner and the guiding wisdom for the singer; you, O auspicious one, protect all good wealth.

1.31.10 O Agni, you are our guiding wisdom, you are our father; you are the maker of [our] strength — we are your kindred. May hundreds of riches, may thousands flow to you together, O guardian of ordinances, undeceivable one, along with brave heroes.

1.31.11 You, O Agni, the gods made the first living one for Āyu, the lord of the clan of Nahuṣa. They made Iḷā as the instructor of human beings, as when a son is born to his own father.

1.31.12 O Agni, O god worthy of homage, protect the magnanimous man and his body with your watchers. You are the protector of offspring and of progeny with cattle, guarding without blinking, within your ordinance.

1.31.13 You, O Agni, four-eyed one, are kindled as the inner guardian for the worshipper who is free from injury. You who are invoked with oblations tend the wolf-free one; even the bard's prayer you gain by mind.

1.31.14 O Agni, for the widely praised singer you obtain that which is the most desirable supreme wealth. Even for the helpless one you are called the guiding wisdom and father; you instruct the simple, knowing the directions better than any.

1.31.15 You, O Agni, protect from all sides the man who extends his right hand like one sewn in armour. He who eats sweet food, who makes a comfortable dwelling, who sacrifices the living sacrifice — he is the equal of heaven.

1.31.16 Do not, O Agni, disregard this road of ours, this path along which we have come from afar. You are kinsman, father, and guide of the Soma-pressing ones; you are the active maker of seers among mortals.

1.31.17 O Agni, O Aṅgiras, as [you dwelt] with Manu, as with the Aṅgirases, as with Yayāti in the seat of old, O bright one — come hither, bring the divine folk, seat them on the sacred grass, and worship what is dear.

1.31.18 O Agni, strengthen yourself with this sacred prayer, or with whatever power we have performed, or with wisdom. Also lead us forward to greater wealth; unite us with a well-disposed, vigorous thought.

1.32.1 Now I will proclaim the heroic deeds of Indra — the first deeds which the vajra-wielder performed. He slew the serpent [Vṛtra], and then he bored through the waters; he split open the bellies of the mountains.

1.32.2 He slew the serpent lying on the mountain; Tvaṣṭṛ fashioned for him the sky-roaring thunderbolt. Like lowing cows rushing swiftly, the waters flowed straight down to the ocean.

1.32.3 Acting like a bull he chose Soma and drank of the pressed juice at the three Tri-kadrukas. Maghavan took up the lightning weapon, the missile, and slew Vṛtra, the first-born among serpents.

1.32.4 When, O Indra, you slew the first-born of serpents and outwitted the māyā-tricks of the tricksters, generating the sun, the sky, and the dawn at that very moment — then indeed you found no enemy to withstand you.

1.32.5 Indra slew Vṛtra, the more formidable hinderer, with his great weapon, the thunderbolt. Like the trunk of a tree split by an axe, the serpent lay prostrate, touching the earth.

1.32.6 Like a man drunk and unfit for battle, Vṛtra challenged the great hero, the mighty assailer, the soma-drinker. He did not withstand the onslaught of his weapons; shattered, with broken joints, lay Indra's enemy.

1.32.7 Footless and handless, Vṛtra still fought against Indra; Indra smote him on the back with his thunderbolt. The castrated one, seeking to match the bull [Indra], lay shattered in many places.

1.32.8 Like a broken reed, Vṛtra lay there, and over him the waters flowed, riding on his mind [i.e. flooding his body]. Those [waters] which Vṛtra in his greatness had encompassed — the serpent now lay with his head at their feet.

1.32.9 Vṛtra's mother, Dānu, became one who sinks downward; Indra hurled his weapon upon her. Above lay the mother, below lay the son; Dānu lay there like a cow with her calf.

1.32.10 In the midst of the channels that stand motionless and never rest, the body of Vṛtra lay hid; the waters flow over his secret parts — Indra's enemy lay in long darkness.

1.32.11 The waters stood still, guarded by the Dāsa's rule, guarded by the serpent — dammed up like cows held by a Paṇi. When Indra had slain Vṛtra, he opened the blocked opening of the waters.

1.32.12 You became, O Indra, like a horse's tail at that moment when the one god [Vṛtra] struck back at you. You conquered the cattle, O hero, you conquered Soma; you released the seven rivers to flow.

1.32.13 Neither lightning nor thunder could stop him; nor the mist he scattered, nor the hail. When Indra and the serpent fought, Maghavan indeed conquered, now and for the future.

1.32.14 Whom did you see as the avenger of the serpent, O Indra, when fear entered your heart after the slaying? Then like a frightened eagle you crossed the ninety-nine rivers.

1.32.15 Indra the king of that which is exhausted and of that which is quiet, the horned one, the vajra-armed — he indeed rules as king over all peoples. Like a wheel's rim he encircled them all.

1.33.1 Let us go on this journey to Indra, seeking cattle; let him promote our good understanding. Unstricken by debts — will he now turn to us the innermost desire of his wealth of cattle?

1.33.2 I fly toward the unchallenged wealth-giver, toward a favorable abode, like a hawk. Reverencing Indra with my highest hymns — he who is invocable by singers along the way.

1.33.3 The noble man whose quiver is stuck full [with arrows] drives together the cattle of whoever desires them. O Indra, you who roar aloud with abundant wealth — do not be a Paṇi, superior to us in might.

1.33.4 You slew the Dasyu who is rich in possessions, O Indra, roaming alone with your supporters. Spreading in different directions from your bow, the ancients who did not sacrifice went to their doom.

1.33.5 Those non-sacrificers competing with sacrificers even turned their heads away — when, O Indra, steady driver of bay horses, terrible one, you pressed the lawless ones out from both worlds.

1.33.6 They could not fight against the blameless one's army; the Navagva clans went over to the opposite side. Armed with bull-like weapons, the castrated ones, driven out, came advancing toward Indra from the streams.

1.33.7 These weeping and shouting ones, O Indra, you fought beyond the dust of battle. You burned the Dasyu down from the high sky; you furthered the glory of those who press Soma and those who sing praises.

1.33.8 Adorning themselves with gold jewels [spanning] the girth of the earth, those who were not urging [the sacrifice] could not cross over Indra; he stationed his spies around them with the sun.

1.33.9 When, O Indra, you encompassed both worlds everywhere with your greatness — you thrust out the Dasyu with your sacred prayers, [the gods] who think clearly against those who think [wrongly], O Indra.

1.33.10 They did not reach the end of sky or earth, nor did they surpass the wealth-giver with their māyā. Indra the bull made his thunderbolt his ally; with light he milked the cattle out of the darkness.

1.33.11 The waters flowed according to his own nature; he grew in the midst of the rivers. With concentrated mind, O Indra, with your mightiest blow you struck the gambler down.

1.33.12 He pierced through the strongholds of Ilībiśa; Indra split open the horned Śuṣṇa. As far as your sharpness, O Maghavan, as far as your might — with the thunderbolt you slew the attacking enemy.

1.33.13 His force swept over his enemies; with his sharp bull-might he broke open the strongholds. Indra drove Vṛtra at the thunderbolt, surpassing his own intention as he conquers.

1.33.14 O Indra, you helped Kutsa in whom you took pleasure; you aided the fighting bull Daśadyu. The dust raised by hooves touched the sky; the son of Śvitra stood up for the defeat of enemies.

1.33.15 O Maghavan, in the battle for fields you helped Śama the bull and Śvitryā the cow among the Tugryas. Even those who had stood here for long — the reward fell to those who acted as enemies.

1.34.1 Be here with us three times today with new gifts, O Aśvins; your journey is vast and so is your bestowal. For your harnessing, like putting on a winter garment, should be eagerly done by the wise.

1.34.2 Three hubs are on the honey-bearing chariot in the wake of the Soma's longing — all know it. Three are the supports, set up to be grasped; three times by night you travel, O Aśvins, and three times by day.

1.34.3 On the same day, three times drive away blame; three times today fill the sacrifice with honey. Three times, O Aśvins, you two who have vigorous nourishment — fill us with bounty by night and at dawn.

1.34.4 Come three times for the oblation, three times to the obedient man; three times to the worthy one give succour, as if threefold. Three times bring the jubilation, O Aśvins; three times pour the nourishment into us like water through an axle.

1.34.5 Three times bring us riches, O Aśvins you two; three times the divine favor, and three times support our thoughts. Three times good fortune and three times renown for us — may the sun's daughter mount your three-stepped chariot.

1.34.6 Three times, O Aśvins, give us the heavenly medicines; three times the earthly, and three times those from the waters. Bring protection and well-being to my son who desires it — O lords of beauty, bring three-partite shelter.

1.34.7 Three times a day, O Aśvins, worthy of worship, you two have lain around the earth with your three-partite resting. O Nāsatyas, you traverse three distant routes in your chariot, like the wind going to its own haunts.

1.34.8 Three times, O Aśvins, with the rivers of seven mothers; three invocations; the oblation prepared in three ways. You protect the three earths and the vault of heaven above the streams, fixed with days and nights.

1.34.9 Where are the three wheels of the triple chariot? Where are the three yoke-poles that share a pole together? When is the yoking of the vigorous ass by which, O Nāsatyas, you come to the sacrifice?

1.34.10 Come here, O Nāsatyas — the oblation is being offered; drink of the honey with your honey-drinking lips. For Savitṛ first impels for Ṛta the wondrous, ghee-rich chariot of you two, ahead of the Uṣas.

1.34.11 Come here, O Nāsatyas, with three times eleven gods for the honey-drinking, O Aśvins. Preserve our life uninjured; wipe away our sins; ward off enmity; be ever present.

1.34.12 O Aśvins, bring us on your triple chariot riches turned toward us, [rich] in brave heroes. Hearing [our call] I invoke you two again and again for protection; be for our growth in the conquest of prizes.

1.35.1 I invoke Agni first for well-being; I invoke Mitra and Varuṇa here for aid. I invoke Night, the settler of the world; I invoke the god Savitṛ for protection.

1.35.2 Traveling through the dark realm, settling the immortal and the mortal in their places, Savitṛ the god travels through the worlds seeing all on his golden chariot.

1.35.3 The god travels on the downward slope, travels on the upward slope, travels with his two bright, adorable bay steeds. The god Savitṛ comes from afar, driving away all difficulties.

1.35.4 Covered with pearls, of all forms, with golden bolts, adorable, and vast — Savitṛ of brilliant radiance has mounted his chariot, bearing strength through the dark realms.

1.35.5 The dark, white-footed [horses] displayed the peoples, drawing the chariot with the golden yoke-pole. All peoples, all worlds have always stood in the lap of divine Savitṛ.

1.35.6 Three heavens belong to Savitṛ — two are his lap, one belongs in the world of Yama, the all-conquering. Upon the immortal as upon a chariot axle they are established — let him who knows this speak it here.

1.35.7 The fair-winged one [Savitṛ] surveyed the atmospheres, the Asura of deep inspiration and good guidance. Where is the sun now? Who knows it? To which heaven has his ray stretched forth?

1.35.8 He surveyed the eight peaks of the earth, the three desert-distances, the seven rivers. Golden-eyed Savitṛ the god has come, granting desirable treasures to the pious worshipper.

1.35.9 Golden-handed Savitṛ, all-seeing one, moves between both Heaven and Earth. He drives away disease and goes to meet the sun; he presses the sky downward with the dark realm.

1.35.10 Golden-handed, the Asura of good guidance, most gracious, self-dependent — may he come here toward us. Repelling demons and sorcerers, the god has stood at evening, receiving praises.

1.35.11 O Savitṛ, those ancient paths of yours, dustless and well-made in the atmosphere — by those easily traveled paths protect us today and speak over us, O god.

1.36.1 For you many peoples longing for the gods — we approach Agni the young, the great, with well-spoken words and praises; him whom another also implores.

1.36.2 The peoples who possess oblations have established Agni, who grows with might; we would serve you, O truly existent one. Be you today favorably disposed and a helper here to us in contests.

1.36.3 We choose you as our messenger, as the priest who calls, the all-knowing. Your flames spread abroad in all directions as you are great; your radiances touch the sky.

1.36.4 The gods, Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman kindle you, the ancient messenger, together. O Agni, that mortal wins all wealth with you who has pleased you.

1.36.5 O Agni, you are the gladsome Hotṛ, the householder, the messenger of the clans. In you all the fixed ordinances are gathered together which the gods have established.

1.36.6 In you, O Agni, most blessed, most youthful one, all the oblation is offered. Be well-disposed to us today and again worship the gods for brave heroism.

1.36.7 Thus, bowing in homage, men approach him, the self-king. Men kindle Agni with the Hotṛ-calls, desiring to cross over failures.

1.36.8 Slaying Vṛtra they crossed Heaven and Earth; they made wide space for dwelling. The bull [Agni], full of brilliance, invoked among the Kaṇvas — the horse will neigh in the cattle raids.

1.36.9 Settle yourself down — you are great; blaze forth, most desired of gods. O Agni, let the ruddy smoke stream forth, splendid one, visible and praiseworthy.

1.36.10 You whom the gods placed here for Manu, most worthy of worship, O carrier of oblations — you whom Kaṇva, Medhyātithi, Dhanasṛt, Vṛṣā, and Upastuta [have praised].

1.36.11 The Agni which Medhyātithi, the Kaṇva, kindled upon the [altar of] Ṛta — his flames have shone; these hymns magnify that Agni.

1.36.12 Fill [us] with wealth, O self-strong one — for you have something to obtain among the gods, O Agni. You rule over renowned prize. Have mercy on us — you are great.

1.36.13 Rise up now for our protection, like the god Savitṛ. Rise up as the winner of the prize when we invoke you with the anointed singers.

1.36.14 Rising, protect us from distress; burn up all things that devour, with your banner. Make us rise up to wander and to live; find our service among the gods.

1.36.15 O Agni, protect us from the demon, protect us from the deceitful ungiver. Protect from the injurer and even from him who would slay us, O you of great brilliance, most youthful one.

1.36.16 Strike in all directions, like a hammer, those ungiver enemies who harm us, O you with fiery jaws. Let not that mortal enemy who sharpens himself against us in the night hours hold power over us.

1.36.17 Agni has gained [for us] brave heroism; Agni has gained good fortune for the Kaṇva. Agni helped Mitra and also Medhyātithi; Agni in the winning [helped] Upastuta.

1.36.18 With Agni we invoke Turvaśa and Yadu from afar, and Ugrādeva. Agni leading Navavāstava [and] Bṛhadratha — Turvīti [received] strength against the Dasyu.

1.36.19 Manu set you down, O Agni, as the light for the people for ever. You shone forth, born of Ṛta, O Kaṇva, when strengthened — you whom all peoples revere.

1.36.20 Resplendent and mighty are the flames of Agni, terrible to confront. Protective always against sorcerers, burn up everything that devours.

1.37.1 O Kaṇvas, sing forth in praise of the sport-loving Marut troop — not to be checked, glorious in their chariot.

1.37.2 They who were born with their own radiance, with speckled deer, with spears, together with their axes, and their [ointment-]staves.

1.37.3 Here, as it were, I hear the whips in their hands, as they speak. Along their course they adorn themselves brilliantly.

1.37.4 Sing for your excited troop, for those of fearful splendor, the vigorous ones — sing the god-given sacred prayer.

1.37.5 Proclaim the inviolable [might] in the cows, the sport of the Marut troop — it has grown strong in the jaws of taste.

1.37.6 Who among you is the greatest, O men, O shakers of heaven and earth? Since you shake [even] what is at the boundary.

1.37.7 At your onslaught, at your fierce fury, the mountain, the rock trembles for mortal man.

1.37.8 At whose rushing even the earth, like an aged lord of the clan, trembles in fear at their courses.

1.37.9 For strong is their birth, [sprung] from their mother's womb to go forth — when their power follows them as a second force.

1.37.10 Up have those sons [the Maruts] stretched their shouts like courses at their rushings — like lowing [cows] going knee-deep.

1.37.11 Even that long, broad, irresistible child of mist [i.e. the rain cloud] they cause to rush forward with their courses.

1.37.12 O Maruts, when with your strength you have caused peoples to tremble, you have caused mountains to tremble.

1.37.13 When the Maruts go forth and speak together on the way — does anyone hear them?

1.37.14 Go swiftly with your swift ones — your services are among the Kaṇvas. There indeed rejoice.

1.37.15 For there is indeed [something] for your joy, and we are indeed theirs. May we live out our whole lifespan.

1.38.1 How now, O you whose delight is [in being asked] 'how?' — do you hold [us] in your hands like a father his son? O you for whom the sacred grass has been strewn.

1.38.2 Where now, and to what purpose will you go — as if from the sky to the earth? Where do your cows not delight?

1.38.3 Where, O Maruts, are your new favors? Where your well-being? Where are all your blessings?

1.38.4 If you, O sons of Pṛśni, were mortal men, your praiser would be immortal.

1.38.5 May your praiser not become like a beast in the pasture, unwanted — may he not go along Yama's path.

1.38.6 Let not Nirṛti, the hard-hitting one, slay us again and again; may she perish with thirst.

1.38.7 Truly the sons of Rudra are formidable and mighty; even across the desert they make moisture without wind.

1.38.8 The lightning bellows like a lowing [cow]; the mother clings to the calf — when their rain was let loose.

1.38.9 Even by day they make darkness with Parjanya laden with waters, when they flood the earth.

1.38.10 Then at the roaring of the Maruts all earthly dwellings shook; men trembled and quaked.

1.38.11 O Maruts, with firm-gripping hands travel along the bright, obstructed [roads], with untiring courses.

1.38.12 May your fellies be firm; may their chariots and horses, their reins well-fashioned [be ready].

1.38.13 Speak with continuous praise toward Brahmaṇaspati, whom one desires to see, like Agni, like Mitra.

1.38.14 Form the chant in [your] mouth, you who have spread [it] like Parjanya; sing the Gāyatric verse worthy of recitation.

1.38.15 Praise the Marut host, formidable, wonderful, provided with songs — may the magnified ones be here with us.

1.39.1 When, just so, from afar you display your glory like a flame — by whose will, O Maruts? In whose form? To whom do you go? Whom indeed do you shake?

1.39.2 May your weapons be firm for driving away [enemies], and strong for withstanding them. May your might be the more wonderful — not that of any deceitful mortal.

1.39.3 When, O heroes, you strike away what is firmly fixed and roll away what is heavy — you cleave through the forests of the earth, through the sides of the mountains.

1.39.4 No enemy of yours has been found in the sky above, nor on the earth, O eaters of enemies. May your might, O sons of Rudra, be — with your power as an ally — unconquerable even now.

1.39.5 They cause the mountains to tremble; they split open the lords of the forest. The Maruts have rushed forth, like gods intoxicated, with their whole host.

1.39.6 You have yoked the speckled deer to your chariots; the reddish horse draws as the leader. For your course even the earth cried out; mortal men were afraid.

1.39.7 We swiftly choose your protection, O sons of Rudra, for our well-being. Come now to us with aid, as of old you came to the frightened Kaṇva.

1.39.8 Sent by you, O Maruts, or sent by mortals — whoever attacks us with monstrous force, drive him away with your might, with your power, with your aids.

1.39.9 For you are worthy of prior worship, O far-seeing ones; grant [your aid] to Kaṇva with your boundless [gifts]. Come to us, O Maruts, with your boundless aids — like lightning with rain.

1.39.10 You carry boundless force, O generous givers; your shaking [imparts] boundless vigor. O Maruts, incensed against the sage-haters, let fly your arrow upon the enemy.

1.40.1 Rise up, O Brahmaṇaspati — we the god-seeking ones implore you. Let the Maruts, the generous givers, approach; O Indra, be swift, be our companion.

1.40.2 You indeed, O son of strength, the mortal calls upon when stakes are set. He who has desired you — may he obtain from the Maruts brave heroism and fine horses.

1.40.3 Let Brahmaṇaspati go forth; let the divine Sūnṛtā go forth. Toward the heroic man of manly might who fulfills fivefold — may the gods lead our sacrifice.

1.40.4 He who gives the singer noble wealth — he acquires undying fame. For him we worship Iḷā, rich in brave men, swift in aid, faultless.

1.40.5 Now indeed Brahmaṇaspati speaks the mantra worthy of recitation — in which Indra, Varuṇa, Mitra, and Aryaman, the gods, have made their dwelling places.

1.40.6 That beneficent, faultless mantra, O gods, we would speak at the gatherings. And may you, O heroes, like this speech well — may he [the worshipper] obtain all your good things.

1.40.7 Who would reach the god-seeking man? Who the man with strewn sacred grass? The generous giver pressed ever forward with his households from within, establishing [his] dwelling.

1.40.8 He should attach himself to kingly power; he establishes good dwelling even in fear, smiting with kings. There is no turner-back, no overcomer for the vajra-wielder [Indra] in the great contest or the small.

1.41.1 The man whom the far-sighted ones protect — Varuṇa, Mitra, and Aryamā — that man can never be deceived.

1.41.2 They guard the mortal man from harm as if with arms upraised; unscathed in every way he prospers.

1.41.3 The kings of these — those sovereign lords — break down the foes' strongholds and lead them safely through all difficulties.

1.41.4 Easy and thornless is the path, O Ādityas, for him who walks by ṛta; there is no stumbling-block for you there.

1.41.5 The sacrifice that you, O lords, O Ādityas, lead along the straight path — may it reach forward unto your contemplation.

1.41.6 That mortal, unassailed, moves toward the jewel, toward all wealth, toward offspring, and himself goes forward.

1.41.7 How, O friends, shall we worthily achieve the hymn of Mitra and Aryamā, and the great magnificence of Varuṇa?

1.41.8 May I not speak back to you — who smite and who curse — when I am seeking the gods; with your gracious favors alone do I desire to win you.

1.41.9 Even a generous giver should fear up to the moment of deposit; let him not covet evil speech.

1.42.1 O Pūṣan, cross us safely over the road; O offspring of the Deliverer, drive away adversity; lead us forward, O god.

1.42.2 The evil wolf, O Pūṣan, that ill-omened one who menaces us — drive him away from the road.

1.42.3 Drive far away that lurking robber, the ambusher who lies crooked in the path, away from the track.

1.42.4 Tread down with your foot the burning force of that double-tongued one, whosoever he may be who utters evil.

1.42.5 That aid of yours, O wondrous Pūṣan, we choose by our prayer — that with which you once urged forward the Fathers.

1.42.6 So now, O lord of all good fortune, you who possess the finest golden axe, make our riches easy to win.

1.42.7 Lead us past those who follow after us; make the roads good and the paths easy for us; O Pūṣan, find the resolve for us here.

1.42.8 Lead us to good pasture; let there be no fresh sting of distress upon the road; O Pūṣan, find the resolve for us here.

1.42.9 Strengthen us, fill us, send us forth, and whet our front; O Pūṣan, find the resolve for us here.

1.42.10 We do not contend against Pūṣan; we praise him with hymns well-spoken; we implore the wondrous one for wealth.

1.43.1 What most heartening word shall we speak to the far-seeing Rudra, the most bounteous, the mighty one?

1.43.2 As Aditi has brought it about for our cattle, for our men, for our cows — so may the Rudrian grace be ours for our offspring.

1.43.3 As Mitra and Varuṇa know it for us, as Rudra discerns it, as all the gods who share one pleasure know it.

1.43.4 Of Rudra, lord of songs, lord of sacrifice, healer with cooling balm — we implore that gracious benevolence and peace.

1.43.5 He who shines bright as the blazing sun, who gleams like gold — he is the best treasure among the gods.

1.43.6 He grants well-being to our horse, easy passage to ram and ewe, to our men, our women, and our cow.

1.43.7 O Soma, bestow upon us splendor, upon a hundred men; great fame and mighty power.

1.43.8 May no oppressors hem us in around the Soma, may no hostilities lead us astray; O Indu, grant us a share in the prize.

1.43.9 Those progeny of yours, O Soma — of the immortal one, in the further abode of ṛta, at the crown and navel, O Soma who are longed for — knowing those who adorn themselves, O Soma, you know them.

1.44.1 O Agni, bright like the shining Dawn, O immortal Jātavedas, bring today the wondrous bounty to the worshipper; bring hither the gods who wake at dawn.

1.44.2 For you are the beloved messenger, O Agni, the carrier of oblations, the charioteer of sacrifices; in concert with the Aśvins and with Dawn bestow upon us great renown and heroic strength.

1.44.3 Today we choose as messenger the good Agni, beloved of many, whose banner is smoke, who blazes bright, the glory of sacrifices at the breaking of dawn.

1.44.4 The best and youngest, the guest, well-offered, beloved by the giving folk — I praise Agni Jātavedas, to travel toward the gods at the breaking of dawn.

1.44.5 I shall praise you, O immortal enjoyer of all; O Agni, immortal protector, worthy of worship, most deserving of the sacrifice, O carrier of oblations.

1.44.6 Be well-praised to the singer, O youngest, honey-tongued, well-fueled; prolonging the life of Praskaṇva so that he may live, be reverenced by the divine folk.

1.44.7 For the peoples kindle you, all-knowing hotar; so bring them here swiftly, O Agni, far-sighted one, much-invoked, bring the gods hither.

1.44.8 Savitṛ, Dawn, the Aśvins, Bhaga — the Kaṇvas with pressed Soma kindle you, O Agni, at the night's breaking, O carrier of oblations, you who render the sacrifice auspicious.

1.44.9 For you are the lord of sacrifices, O Agni, the messenger of the peoples; O you who wake at dawn, bring hither today the heaven-beholding gods for the drinking of Soma.

1.44.10 O Agni, O radiant one, you have shone through the dawns of old, seen by all; you are the protector and purohita in the villages, you are the human priest at the sacrifices.

1.44.11 We set you in place, O Agni, as the accomplisher of the sacrifice, the hotar, the seasonal priest — O far-sighted, swift, immortal messenger, as Manu did, O god.

1.44.12 When, O Agni, revered by Mitra's friends, you go on your mission as purohita among the gods, your flames blaze bright like the roaring waves of a river.

1.44.13 Hear, O Agni, you of the listening ear, together with the god-bearers, your companions; may Mitra and Aryamā, who journey in the morning, sit down upon the barhis at the sacrifice.

1.44.14 May the Maruts, bounteous ones, whose tongue is Agni, increasers of ṛta, hear the hymn; may Varuṇa of steadfast vow drink the Soma, together with the Aśvins and with Dawn.

1.45.1 O Agni, sacrifice here to the Vasus, the Rudras, and the Ādityas; sacrifice to the people born of Manu, the Manu-born folk who sprinkle ghee, making the rite auspicious.

1.45.2 For the gods, O Agni, are prompt to heed the worshipper, they are discerning; bring them here, O you praised with songs, O you whose horses are red — all thirty-three.

1.45.3 As for Priyamedha, as for Atri, O Jātavedas, as for Virūpa, as for the Aṅgirases — O you of great vows, hear the call of Praskaṇva.

1.45.4 The Priyamedhas called on the great-horned one for aid — Agni, the king of sacrifices, blazing with brilliant splendor.

1.45.5 O you who are invoked with ghee, these words are real and true — hear them; with these songs the sons of Kaṇva call upon you for protection.

1.45.6 You, of most wondrous fame, O Agni, O hair of flame, O most beloved — the beings among the clans call upon you to carry their oblations.

1.45.7 The inspired seers have set you in place, O Agni, as hotar and seasonal priest, most rich in goods, of listening ear, most widely famed, at the celestial rites.

1.45.8 The inspired poets with pressed Soma have stirred you toward the offering; bearing a great light, O Agni, bring the oblation to the mortal worshipper.

1.45.9 O powerful one, true one, you who travel in the morning — for the drinking of Soma, seat the divine company here today upon the sacred grass, O Vasu.

1.45.10 O Agni, honor with joined invocations the divine company that faces toward us; this Soma is present, O bounteous ones — drink it throughout the day.

1.46.1 This unprecedented Dawn is shining forth, beloved of the sky; I praise you two, O Aśvins, with a great hymn.

1.46.2 You two wondrous ones whose mother is the river, who fly swifter than thought among riches — divine ones who find wealth through insight.

1.46.3 Your praises resound, O mighty ones, in the heaven on high in the ancient world; when your chariot flies with its wings abroad.

1.46.4 The lover of the waters, who has drunk deep, fills with oblation, O heroes — the father of the kuṭa, the observer of men.

1.46.5 Ready is our reception of your thoughts, O Nāsatyas, you who speak with inspired words; drink the Soma boldly.

1.46.6 That which shall carry us across the darkness, O Aśvins, that light-bearing gift — bestow that refreshment upon us.

1.46.7 Come to us on the ship of thought, to travel to the far shore; yoke your chariot, O Aśvins.

1.46.8 Your rudder is the broad sky; your chariot stands at the ford of rivers; the Soma drops have been yoked by thought.

1.46.9 The Kaṇvan Soma drops from heaven, the wealth at the place of the rivers — where do you two wish to deposit your own veil?

1.46.10 There arose a radiance for the Soma stalk; golden, the Sun turned toward it, and dark-tongued fire perceived it clearly.

1.46.11 There arose a path to cross over, on the right course of ṛta; the flowing path of heaven was clearly seen.

1.46.12 That — that very aid of the Aśvins does the singer adorn, in the exhilaration of the flowing Soma.

1.46.13 Desiring, you two radiant ones — come, as Manu did, with the drinking of Soma and with the song, you two who bring well-being.

1.46.14 Dawn attended upon the glory of you two who circle round; you two win through ṛta, with the night-beams.

1.46.15 Both of you drink; both of you grant us shelter, O Aśvins, with aids that drive away what is alien.

1.47.1 This sweetest pressed Soma, O increasers of ṛta — drink of it throughout the day, O Aśvins, and bestow jewels upon the worshipper.

1.47.2 Come, O Aśvins, on the triple-yoked, triple-twisted, beautiful chariot; the Kaṇvas fashion the sacred prayer for you at the sacrifice — hear well their call.

1.47.3 O Aśvins, O increasers of ṛta, drink the sweetest Soma; and then today, O wondrous ones, bearing wealth in your chariot, approach the worshipping man.

1.47.4 O all-knowing ones, sprinkle the sacrifice with sweetness at the three-seated sacred grass; the Kaṇvas with pressed Soma, the brilliant ones, call upon you two, O Aśvins.

1.47.5 With those helps with which you two, O Aśvins, formerly aided Kaṇva, with those very same aids protect us now, O lords of beauty; drink the Soma, O increasers of ṛta.

1.47.6 O wondrous Aśvins, bearing wealth in your chariot, bring nourishment to Sudās; place upon us from the ocean or from heaven riches much to be coveted.

1.47.7 Whether you two Nāsatyas are in the far distance, or whether you abide with Turvaśa — from there come to us on your well-rolling chariot, together with the rays of the sun.

1.47.8 May your horses, glorious at the sacrifice, bear you hitherward swiftly; mixing refreshment for the well-doer, O bounteous ones, sit down upon the sacred grass, O heroes.

1.47.9 Come, O Nāsatyas, on that sun-skinned chariot with which you have always carried goods to the worshipper, for the drinking of the sweet Soma.

1.47.10 With recitations and with songs we call upon you two, rich in many goods, to come hither for our protection; for, O Aśvins, you have ever drunk Soma joyfully in the dear assembly of the Kaṇvas.

1.48.1 Shine forth for us with wealth, O Dawn, O daughter of the sky; with great splendor, O radiant one — grant us riches, O goddess.

1.48.2 Rich in horses, rich in cows, bearing all gifts — they stir forth in abundance to awaken; rouse toward me the true and joyful words, O Dawn, and urge on the bounty of the liberal ones.

1.48.3 Dawn has shone and will shine yet again, the goddess who is swift with chariots; those who have been set in her courses, like men who covet fame in the sea.

1.48.4 O Dawn, those wise men who, at your departing journeys, yoke their minds toward giving — here among these, Kaṇva, most Kaṇva-like of them, proclaims the name of heroes.

1.48.5 Dawn comes like a lovely woman, gracious, consuming all before her; wearing away the settled folk she moves on foot, and sends the birds flying up.

1.48.6 She who sends forth the assembly and the seekers of goals, not knowing rest as she swells up — no bird sits still at your shining, O Dawn who bear the prize.

1.48.7 This auspicious Dawn has yoked her team from the far distance, above the rising place of the Sun; with a hundred chariots she moves forth across toward humankind.

1.48.8 The whole world bows to her that it may see; the gracious one makes the moving world light; the daughter of heaven, the bounteous Dawn, has shone forth, driving away hatred and foes.

1.48.9 O Dawn, shine forth with your bright and brilliant radiance, O daughter of the sky; bringing great good fortune to us, shining in your celestial courses.

1.48.10 For when you shine forth, O gracious one, the breath and life of all the world is in you; so hear our call on your great radiant chariot, O wondrous-wealthy one.

1.48.11 O Dawn, win the prize that is conspicuous among the human folk; with that bring the good-doers toward the rites, those who praise you, those who carry the offering.

1.48.12 Bring all the gods from the mid-air for the drinking of Soma, O Dawn; and place upon us that which is worthy of hymns — wealth in cows and horses, O Dawn, and heroic strength.

1.48.13 She whose gleaming, propitious rays have been seen coming forward — may that Dawn grant us wealth of all desirable things, of beautiful form, easy to obtain.

1.48.14 Even the ancient seers who called upon you, O great one, for aid and protection — answer our hymns, O Dawn, and grant your bounty with your brilliant splendor.

1.48.15 O Dawn, when today with your radiance you throw open the two doors of heaven, grant us a broad and wolf-free shelter, O goddess, and food rich in cattle.

1.48.16 Blend for us great wealth of all beautiful forms, blend for us with refreshments, O Dawn; blend for us, O Dawn who shines in all directions, with great splendor; and with prizes, O you who bear the prize.

1.49.1 Come, O Dawn, with auspicious gifts, from above the bright shining of the sky; may the reddish-tinged steeds carry those who press Soma toward your dwelling.

1.49.2 The beautiful, pleasant chariot upon which you have mounted, O Dawn — with that protect today the folk of great renown, O daughter of the sky.

1.49.3 Even the birds that have wings, O bright Dawn, two-footed and four-footed — they all start forth at your coming, following the seasons from the ends of heaven.

1.49.4 Shining forth with your rays, you illumine all the bright world; desiring wealth, the Kaṇvas have called upon you, O Dawn, with songs.

1.50.1 The bright rays bear aloft that god, Jātavedas, so that all may see — they bear up Sūrya.

1.50.2 Like thieves the stars slink away with the night, before Sūrya the all-seeing one.

1.50.3 His bright rays have been seen, spreading out among the peoples, blazing like fires.

1.50.4 You are swift, seen by all, O Sūrya, maker of light; you shine upon the entire bright world.

1.50.5 You rise facing toward the peoples of the gods, facing toward mankind, facing toward all the world to see the sun-light.

1.50.6 With that pure eye of yours, as it moves busily among the peoples, you, Varuṇa, look upon them.

1.50.7 You traverse the broad, wide expanse of the sky, measuring out the days by nights, O Sūrya, looking upon all creatures.

1.50.8 Seven bay mares carry you in your chariot, O god Sūrya, O flame-haired, far-sighted one.

1.50.9 The Sun has yoked the seven bright mares, the daughters of his chariot; with these he travels, self-yoked.

1.50.10 Rising up out of the darkness, beholding the higher light, we have gone to Sūrya, the god among the gods — to the highest light.

1.50.11 Rising today, O you revered by Mitra, mounting the higher sky — O Sūrya, destroy my heart-sickness and my jaundice.

1.50.12 Into the parrots and the yellow-tinged mynah birds we blow off my jaundice; and into the haritāla-yellow plants we press down my jaundice.

1.50.13 This Āditya has risen, with all his might; may he subdue my enemy for me — let me not be subject to him who hates me.

1.51.1 Sing forth with hymns to him, that ram much-invoked, lauded in song — Indra, the ocean of wealth — whose heavens men do not traverse to the end; praise the most bounteous one, the inspired, for our enjoyment.

1.51.2 His own aids did homage to him of self-might, him who fills mid-air, encompassed by his powers; the wise Ṛbhus exalted Indra, the intoxication-pouring, the hundred-thoughted — and swift Truth mounted up.

1.51.3 You cleft the cow-pen for the Aṅgiras; you found the path for Atri amid the hundred fortresses; even arrayed with battle-host you brought wealth to Vimada in the contest, and made the rock leap for him who pressed the Soma.

1.51.4 You uncovered the covering of the waters and set flowing on the mountain the dripping treasure; when, O Indra, you slew with your might Vṛtra the serpent, you then raised the sun in the sky for all to see.

1.51.5 You cast down the sorcerers with your own magic powers — those who poured oblations on the couch of sleep; you, O hero-minded, broke open the fortresses of Pipru; and you aided Ṛjiśvan in the slayings of the Dasyus.

1.51.6 You aided Kutsa in the slayings of Śuṣṇa; you gave Śambara into the hand of Atithigva; you trod down with your foot even the great Arbuda — from of old you were born for the slaughter of the Dasyus.

1.51.7 All strength is placed in you, directed to one aim; your bounty rejoices for the drinking of Soma; your thunderbolt held in both arms is well-known — cut away all the virile powers of the foe.

1.51.8 Distinguish the Āryas from the Dasyus; subdue for the Soma-strewer those who transgress the ordinances; be the mighty impeller of the sacrificer — all these things of yours please at the communal joys.

1.51.9 Subduing the lawless for him who follows the law, Indra with his own presences smites down those who grasp at nothing; being praised while still growing he reaches toward heaven even as the great grows greater — the ant Vamra struck apart the ones who coil.

1.51.10 Uśanā fashioned for you with might your mighty force; your power with its greatness pushes apart the two worlds; the coursers harnessed by thought and driven by the wind brought you, O hero-minded one, as you were being filled, toward fame.

1.51.11 Indra was gladdened when keeping company with the sage Uśanā Kāvya; the Vṛtra-destroying one stands even above the cunning; the fierce one let loose the waters with their streams and shook apart the established fortresses of Śuṣṇa.

1.51.12 You take your stand in your chariot at the bull-handed ones, at the offerings of Śāryāta where you are gladdened; as, O Indra, you delight in pressed-Soma rites, you mount up to unimpeded glory in the sky.

1.51.13 You gave the young Vṛcayā to the great eloquent Kakṣīvat who pressed the Soma, O Indra; you became the ally of Vṛṣaṇaśva, O good-powered one — all these deeds of yours are to be proclaimed at the pressings.

1.51.14 Indra of good thought was celebrated alone at the Pajras; the praise-hymn like the sacrificial post at the house-door stands firm; seeking horses, desiring cattle, seeking chariots, desiring wealth — Indra alone rules over riches as their bestower.

1.51.15 This homage has been spoken to the bull, the self-sovereign, him of true vigor, the powerful one; in this enclosed space, O Indra, together with all heroes, may we together with our patrons be in your shelter.

1.52.1 Magnify that ram, the finder of heaven, at whose side a hundred of his fine ones move; like a prize steed I would turn Indra toward us for aid with well-fashioned hymns — him who hears the call and swiftly comes like a chariot to the race.

1.52.2 He, unshaken as a mountain in his foundations, of thousandfold help, has waxed great in his powers; when Indra slew Vṛtra who had dammed the rivers, he pressed the floods forth, exulting in the Soma-draught.

1.52.3 He is the door-opener at doors, at the udder-like fountain of bright clarity, grown great in rapture by the wise ones; I call that Indra with well-working thought — the most bounteous giver, for he is the filler with the Soma-draught.

1.52.4 Him whom, on the heavenly seat with Soma-strewn grass, his own fine aids fill like an ocean; him in the slaying of Vṛtra the vigorous aids followed — Indra's fierce, wind-swift, unerring helpers.

1.52.5 Toward his own rain-shower in the rapture of him fighting, the aids coursed swiftly as swift ones down a slope; when Indra the thunderbolt-bearer, bold in the Soma-draught, split apart the enclosures of Vala, even as Trita does.

1.52.6 His force moves around amid heat and gleaming splendor; having encompassed the waters it lay down at the base of the atmosphere; when in the downward slope of Vṛtra, hard to seize and roaring, O Indra, you smote the thunder between his two jaws.

1.52.7 As into a lake, the waves do not overwhelm you; the sacred formulas, O Indra, those that increase you — even Tvaṣṭṛ's matched power has grown great for you; he fashioned the thunderbolt of overwhelming force.

1.52.8 Having slain Vṛtra with your bay steeds, your will gathered, O Indra, you opened the waters' path for Manu; you stretched out the iron thunderbolt from your two arms and fixed the sun in the sky for all to see.

1.52.9 Vast and self-shining with force, what is hymn-worthy — they made the ascent of heaven tremble in fear; when the human-battle aids of Indra, the man-rousing Maruts, followed him exulting toward the sun.

1.52.10 Even Heaven, which is forceful, shook away in fear from the roaring of the serpent; your thunderbolt, O Indra, quivered; when with the force of the pressed Soma you smashed the head of Vṛtra who had pressed the two worlds together.

1.52.11 When, O Indra, the earth of ten degrees stretched out all the days, the peoples spread forth — in that, O Maghavan, your widely heard power became in its force a great thing co-extensive with heaven.

1.52.12 You, O bold-minded one, are on the far shore of this aerial realm, your own being's force ready to help; you have made the earth as the measure of your power; you who encompass the waters and the sun come to heaven.

1.52.13 You have become the measure of the earth; you have become lord of the great one of lofty heroism; you have filled the entire mid-air with your greatness — truly indeed no other is like you.

1.52.14 Neither Heaven and Earth have reached the breadth of him, nor have the rivers reached the end of his realm; not even his own rain in the rapture of him fighting — he alone has made all things successive, one after another.

1.52.15 Here the Maruts were singing praises in this very battle; all the gods were gladdened following you; when with the pointed weapon, O Indra, you struck down Vṛtra face to face, smiting him down.

1.53.1 Now we bring forth speech, carry hymns to the great Indra at the seat of Vivasvat; even now one finds a jewel as if of sleepers — ill praise is not proclaimed at the giving of wealth.

1.53.2 You are the door of the horse, the door of the cow, O Indra; the door of barley, the lord and master of wealth; you who from long ago instruct men, who never diminishes those who desire — that friend to friends we now praise.

1.53.3 O Indra of mighty deeds, doer of many acts, most brilliant — this wealth all around is understood to be yours; therefore seize it, O all-conquering one, and bring it here; do not diminish the desire of the singer who yearns toward you.

1.53.4 With these days, well-minded, with these Soma-drops, keeping darkness away with rays of light, with the two bay-horses; splitting the Dasyu with Indra, with the Soma-drops — may we of active hatred grasp at the impulse together.

1.53.5 May we grasp together with Indra's wealth, together with impulse, with prizes of many splendors overwhelming the sky; together with the divine great-thought, the heroic-vigored one — may we seize together that which is led by kine and furnished with horses.

1.53.6 Those raptures intoxicated you, those virile powers were yours; those Soma-draughts in the slayings of Vṛtra, O lord of good men; when for the singer Kāra you cut down ten Vṛtra-like ones unresisting and thousands for the Soma-strewer.

1.53.7 Bold you come to battle from battle, fortress by fortress you smash them with force; when in the friendship of Namya in the far distance, O Indra, you slew Namuci, the sorcerer by name.

1.53.8 You slew Karañja and Parṇaya with the sharpest weapon, on the track of Atithigva; you split the hundred fortresses of Vaṅgṛda — irresistible, urged on all sides by Ṛjiśvan.

1.53.9 You pinned down those twenty kings of men who had come together against Suśravas, the kinless one; sixty thousand and ninety-nine thousands, O celebrated one, you rolled down with the chariot-wheel — those hard to tread upon.

1.53.10 You aided Suśravas with your helps, with your protections, O Indra — and Tūrvayāṇa; you gave as allies Kutsa, Atithigva, and Āyu to this young great king.

1.53.11 May we be your most auspicious, god-guarded friends, O Indra, surpassing others; we shall praise you, and with you as our support, full of good heroes, may we hold a longer, more extended life.

1.54.1 Do not leave us in distress in these battles, O Maghavan — for there is no end to the encompassing of your might; you made the rivers cry out, you made the forests roar — how would the earthly regions not come together in fear?

1.54.2 Sing to Śakra, the powerful one, the deed-mighty; honoring the hearing Indra, sing praises; who as a bull, exercising bull-power with bold might, anoints and adorns the two worlds — the bull of bulls.

1.54.3 Sing a vigorous word fit for the great heaven — his whose bold mind is self-sovereign and bold; the Asura of great fame, made mighty by his greatness — for his is the bull-chariot driven forward by the bay steeds.

1.54.4 You set the ridge of great heaven shaking; with bold selfhood you split apart Śambara; when, bold in exhilaration, you attack the sorcerers and the braggers, hurling the sharpened thunderbolt-ray.

1.54.5 When you press down on the head of the snorter, and even the forests roar at the bragging Śuṣṇa; with the forward-moving mind that has its greatness — whatever you do even today, who encompasses you?

1.54.6 You aided the manly Turvaśa and Yadu; you aided Turvīti and Vayya, O hundred-thoughted one; you placed the chariot of Etaśa in the contested prize; you beguiled ninety-nine fortresses.

1.54.7 That king, the lord of good men, has grown great — the people whose oblations are given, who furthers the command; who responds to the hymns with bounty — for him the upper heavenly stream swells with gifts.

1.54.8 Matchless be the lordship, matchless the thought — these Soma-drinkers, let them be foremost with their deed; those who, O Indra, increase the great, firm, and virile sovereignty of the giver.

1.54.9 For you these many cups, milked by the pressing-stone, sitting in the cups made for Indra to drink; enjoy them fully, satiate their desire, and then turn your mind toward giving wealth.

1.54.10 The darkness that calls its supporting frame, the mountain lodged within the belly of Vṛtra, blocked the waters; Indra strikes them downward — all the rivers that were shut in by Vṛtra's coil — along the slopes.

1.54.11 O Indra, the most powerful, place upon us the strengthening brightness and the great lordship, the people-conquering; protect us, O Maghavan, guard our patrons, and establish for us wealth, good offspring, and food.

1.55.1 Even the breadth of heaven spread wide — even Earth does not match Indra in greatness; fearful and powerful, he blazes against the peoples; he whets the thunderbolt for brilliance like a forest-bird whets its beak.

1.55.2 Like ocean-going rivers, the broad ones, he receives the scattered ones with his expanses; Indra rages like a bull for the drinking of Soma; from of old he, the warrior, is celebrated for his strength.

1.55.3 You, O Indra, for enjoyment — as it were a mountain — put in motion the laws of great manly power; you are radiant through your heroism beyond the divine measure; fierce, you are the foremost priest for every deed.

1.55.4 He is honored by those who do reverence in the forest, proclaiming Indra's nature beautifully among the peoples; a bull of pleasure, he becomes desirable as a bull; Maghavan is a bull when he impels the cow of prayer in peace.

1.55.5 He performs great battles with his greatness, with his warrior's strength, for the peoples; and then they place faith in the brilliant one — in Indra who ever and again smites with the weapon, the thunderbolt.

1.55.6 For he is fame-seeking; growing great on the earth in strength, he destroys the artificial abodes; creating the lights safe from wolves for the worshipper, the wise-purposed one let loose the waters to flow down.

1.55.7 O Soma-drinker, let your mind be for giving; turn your two bay steeds hitherward, hearing the greeting; your most well-reined charioteers, O Indra — the passionate ones do not deceive you, who perceives them.

1.55.8 You bear in your two hands the inexhaustible wealth; invincible strength is lodged in your body, O celebrated one; those who turn about you like makers turning about wells — in your persons, O Indra, your powers are manifold.

1.56.1 He pushes forth, pressing down many a one of that active-force, active like a steed raising up a woman — he who is agitated; he causes the golden, chariot-laden resource to be yoked with the Hari-horses, richly wrought.

1.56.2 To him go the agreeable ones, the full of oblations, the abundant — those about to win, like the meeting-place of the ocean; mount with brilliance over the lord of counsel and might, the ruler of the wide folk.

1.56.3 He is great in conquest, dustless in his manhood, his force gleams like the spike of a mountain; he who by his sorcery-power in exhilaration caused impetuous Śuṣṇa to rest, setting him in bonds though fierce.

1.56.4 If the divine strengthening aid of him who grows through you, O Indra, follows like the sun follows dawn — the one who with bold might pushes away the darkness, who stirs the great dust in the loud resounding.

1.56.5 When he stood over the unshaken, supporting realm, traversing the atmospheric space athwart it in his greatness at the stations of heaven; in the intoxication striving for the sun, O Indra, you drove off Vṛtra and pressed out the flood of the waters.

1.56.6 You support the foundation of heaven with your power, O Indra, great in the seats of the earth; in the exhilaration of the pressed Soma you released the waters; you broke the banks of Vṛtra all together.

1.57.1 I bring a thought to the most bounteous, the great one of great wealth, of true vigor, the powerful; whose bounty, all-sustaining, opened for strength and hard to hold back like waters down a slope.

1.57.2 Then all the world shall rejoice following your will, the pressings of the oblation-bearer like waters following the downward slope; when the golden thunderbolt of Indra, the desirable one, that pierces and strikes, alights on the mountain.

1.57.3 Bring with homage at the sacrifice to this fearful, admirable one — bright as the Dawn; whose name-station of renown is Indriya-power — the light was made, the bay steeds are driven onward.

1.57.4 These are we, O Indra, much praised — we who move about taking hold of you, O lord of abundant wealth; for no other, O lover of songs, can receive songs as you can — like the earthly regions, accept our speech.

1.57.5 Manifold is your heroic power, O Indra — we belong to it; fill the desire of this singer, O Maghavan; the vast heaven follows your heroic power, and this earth bows down to you for your strength.

1.57.6 You, O Indra, O thunderbolt-bearer, cut that great and broad mountain joint by joint with your thunderbolt; you released the waters, held back, to flow; you hold all strength utterly alone.

1.58.1 Even now the immortal, born of strength, stirs up — the Hotṛ who became the messenger of Vivasvat; he seeks to gain the divine companionship with oblation, traversing the realm with most direct paths.

1.58.2 The ageless one, ever youthful, eating his own food, eagerly active, stands in the dry places; his back gleams like a steed sprinkled with drops; thundering he has cried out like the ridge of heaven.

1.58.3 Active together with the Rudras and Vasus, installed as the Purohita, the immortal Hotṛ is seated, the wealth-conquering one; like a chariot adorning itself among the peoples, the god among the living sends forth desirable things one after another.

1.58.4 Wind-impelled, he stands in the dry places, freely spreading his tongues like a scythe, loud-roaring; when, O Agni, you make love to the dry trees, your black track shines brightly, O ageless one of bright waves.

1.58.5 Hot-jawed, in the forest, impelled by the wind, blowing down like one calling in a herd, the reed-striker; attacking the unwasting firmament with his might, even the stationary and the moving fear his wings.

1.58.6 The Bhṛgus established you among men, beautiful like wealth, easy to invoke for the peoples; as Hotṛ, O Agni, a welcome guest, auspicious as a friend, for the heavenly birth.

1.58.7 I worship Agni the Hotṛ, the most sacrificial of seven tongues of flame, whom the inspired singers choose at the rites; Agni the intermediary of all the Vasus — I approach with delight and seek the jewel.

1.58.8 O son of Strength, today extend to us, to the singers, an unbroken shelter, O great as Mitra; O Agni, O offspring of Strength, protect the singer from distress with iron fortresses.

1.58.9 Be a refuge to the singer, O brilliant one; be a shelter for the generous to the generous, O Maghavan; O Agni, protect the singer from distress — may the thought-rich one come quickly at dawn.

1.59.1 The other fires are but branches of you, O Agni; all the immortals rejoice in you; you, O Vaiśvānara, are the navel of the peoples — like a pillar you have pervaded the peoples.

1.59.2 Agni is the head of heaven, the navel of the earth, and then became the energizing messenger between the two worlds; the gods begot you as a god, O Vaiśvānara — truly a light for the Ārya.

1.59.3 Like firm rays in the sun, riches are deposited in Vaiśvānara Agni; those that are in mountains, in plants, in waters — of those riches in men you are king.

1.59.4 Like the vast heaven and earth to their son, the hymns — the Hotṛ of humans, skilled as a sage; many and young hymns for the sun-possessing, truly vigorous Vaiśvānara, the most manly one.

1.59.5 Even from great heaven, O Jātavedas, your greatness surpasses, O Vaiśvānara; you are king of the human peoples; in battle you have made wide space for the gods.

1.59.6 Now I shall proclaim the greatness of the bull whom the Pūrus accompany as the Vṛtra-slayer; Vaiśvānara Agni, having slain the Dasyu, shook loose the firesticks, split apart Śambara.

1.59.7 Vaiśvānara, of all peoples by his greatness, the adorable, self-brilliant one, is to be worshipped among the Bharadvājas; Agni, the truth-speaking one, is praised with hundredfold songs at the Śātavaneyī, at the many-named one.

1.60.1 The carrier, the glorious, the banner of the assembly, the easily invocable, the messenger who brings immediate purpose; the double-born one, praised like a treasure — Mātariśvan brought this gift to Bhṛgu.

1.60.2 Both kinds attend on his command — those who bear oblations, both the inspired poets and the mortals; even foremost among those of heaven he was set down as the Hotṛ, the worthy of question, the lord of the folk, the ordainer among the settlements.

1.60.3 May our fair praise reach him ever newly born in the heart — the honey-tongued one; whom the priests, the human Āyus pressing the Soma in the enclosed space, begetting, brought to birth.

1.60.4 The sage, the purifier, the good one among humans, the choiceworthy Hotṛ was placed among the settlements; the dweller in the house, the householder at home — may Agni become master of riches, lord of wealth.

1.60.5 You as master of riches, O Agni — we the Gotamas praise you with our thoughts; grooming you like a swift prize-winner — may the thought-rich one come quickly at dawn.

1.61.1 To him alone, the mighty and swift one, I carry praise as an offering — a hymn to the great one; to Ṛcīṣama, to Adhrigava, to Indra I bring forth the most generous prayers.

1.61.2 To him alone I now advance, as to an offering, I bring the hymn of praise and noble word; to Indra, with heart and mind and wisdom, the ancient lord — they polish their devotions.

1.61.3 To him alone I bring that supreme, sun-winning praise in my mouth; the most glorious one, with the swift outpourings of thoughts, with noble words, to exalt the inspired lord.

1.61.4 To him alone I drive together the hymn of praise, as a craftsman fashions a chariot for its fitter; and songs with noble word to the praise-borne Indra, the all-stirring, the wise.

1.61.5 To him alone, seeking renown as one grooms a swift horse, I anoint the hymn with my tongue for Indra; to honor the hero who is home for generous gifts, of joyous fame, the breaker of citadels.

1.61.6 For him alone Tvaṣṭṛ fashioned the vajra, most excellently wrought, heavenly, for battle; with it he found the vital spot even of Vṛtra — the sovereign one, striking, with his striking force of purpose.

1.61.7 He it was who, at his mother's pressings, straightway, the great one, having drunk of sweet food and fair nourishment — Viṣṇu, the more powerful, despoiled what was being cooked; the archer pierced the boar through the mountain.

1.61.8 To him alone even the divine wives, the consorts of the gods, have sung the hymn to Indra at the slaying of the serpent; he upheld the wide heaven and earth — no one encompasses his greatness.

1.61.9 He indeed has surpassed in greatness heaven and earth and the atmosphere; the self-ruling Indra, praised by all in the house, the heaven-goer, the irresistible, has swelled himself for battle.

1.61.10 He it was who with his power clove Vṛtra withering with the vajra, Indra; like cows seeking the streams, he released the waters — the mindful one for the giving of renown.

1.61.11 By his very fierceness the rivers rejoiced when he extended them with the vajra; he who makes sovereignty for the worshipper, honoring Turvīta — who is it that made a ford for Turvaṇi?

1.61.12 To him alone, rushing eagerly, wielding sovereign force of will, he sent forward the vajra against Vṛtra; like the joints of a cow he split them asunder, shooting across, that the floods of the waters might flow.

1.61.13 Proclaim anew his ancient deeds of the swift one with fresh hymns: when he, hurtling his weapons to the fight, raging, drives away the foes.

1.61.14 Even the firm mountains and heaven and earth tremble in fear at his birth; Nodha, approaching the shelter of the beloved one, crying loudly, instantly became vigorous for heroic deeds.

1.61.15 To him it is given in consequence — the one who, sole, as sovereign, has gained much: Indra aided Praetaśa, contending with the sun, pressing soma well for the sake of good horses.

1.61.16 Thus, O Indra, yoke of the tawny steeds, the Gotamas have fashioned these prayers of noble word for you; fix on us the all-adorning vision — may he come swiftly at dawn, rich in wisdom.

1.62.1 We are preparing praise, a roaring hymn, for the mighty one who loves songs, in the manner of the Aṅgirases; with noble hymns, for the hymn-lord who is being praised, let us sing the sacred verse to the far-renowned hero.

1.62.2 Carry forth great reverence to the great one; sing the hymn worthy of praise to the mighty one — that by which our ancient forefathers, the track-knowing Aṅgirases, singing, found the cows.

1.62.3 At the bidding of Indra and the Aṅgirases, Saramā found the sustenance for her offspring; Bṛhaspati split the rock, found the cows — men bellowed together with the morning rays.

1.62.4 He with the excellent shout, with praise, with the seven sages, the heavenly one, with the Navagvas, with his voice split the rock; O Indra, O mighty one, with the swift ones and the Daśagvas you shattered Vala with a roar.

1.62.5 Being praised by the Aṅgirases, O wondrous one, you opened the darkness with the dawn, the sun, the cows of light; you extended the ridge of the earth, O Indra, and propped up the highest realm of the sky.

1.62.6 That is indeed his most praiseworthy deed, the most wonderful exploit of the wondrous one: that in the depths, the upper waters swelled the four honey-flooded rivers.

1.62.7 Ayāsya opened the two who were born together, nesting together, with the songs of those who praise; the wondrously mighty one sustained the two world-halves, considering himself like Bhaga in the highest vault.

1.62.8 From of old, the two of different form move around heaven and earth, the two youthful ones who are reborn by their own paths; Night with dark forms and Dawn with shining forms move alternately, each one after the other.

1.62.9 Working with skill he always maintains the friendship — the son, the wondrously mighty one, upheld with power; even in the raw you place the cooked within — bright milk in the dark cows and in the ruddy ones.

1.62.10 From of old the nestmates protect the windless streams, their ordinances with their powers as immortals; many thousands, like wives for their husbands, the sisters minister to the one who fears no shame.

1.62.11 Seeking life's continuance with reverence and fresh hymns, the thoughts of those who desire wealth, O wondrous one, have run to you; like wives, eager, touching an eager husband, the inspired thoughts touch you, O powerful one.

1.62.12 From of old the riches in your hands do not diminish, do not fail, O wondrous one; you are glorious, O Indra, rich in will, steadfast — help us, O mighty one, with your powers.

1.62.13 Gotama has fashioned for Indra, yoke of the tawny steeds, a new prayer for one who is ancient; O mighty one, be our guide, O Nodha — may he come swiftly at dawn, rich in wisdom.

1.63.1 You are the great one, O Indra, who at birth by your powers shook heaven and earth; when even all mountains, the mighty ones, firm, trembling in fear, shed their rays before you.

1.63.2 When, O Indra, the two tawny steeds were yoked and the worshipper placed the vajra in your two arms — with it, O Indra of unerring will, O much-invoked, you drive away the enemies' many citadels.

1.63.3 You are true, O Indra, bold — these things are yours; you are the Ṛbhukṣa, the manly one, you the conqueror; you, O Indra, overthrew Śuṣṇa in the enclosure at the battle of food, accompanying young Kutsa, the gleaming one.

1.63.4 You, O Indra, as a friend urged on that deed, when O vajra-bearer, O bull of bull-deeds, you held Vṛtra fast; when, O hero, O bull-minded one, turning the dasyus away, you scattered them in their lair, the unvanquished conqueror.

1.63.5 You, O Indra, protected that — unharmed, even when the firm ones were unwelcome to mortals; the limit is far from us for the horse — O vajra-bearer, strike the enemies like a mace.

1.63.6 You it is, O Indra, whom the men call upon in battle where floods are won, where the heavenly prize is coveted; this help of yours, O self-empowered one, shall be here in the encounter, inexhaustible in the prizes.

1.63.7 You, O Indra, fighting, crushed the seven citadels for Purukutsa, O vajra-bearer; when, as the barhis unrolled for Sudās without resistance, you made wide space from the narrow pass for Pūru, O king.

1.63.8 You, O Indra, O god, have swelled for us that wondrous refreshment like waters, O far-roamer; with which, O hero, you bestow upon us self-sustaining strength, to flow for us as nourishment everywhere.

1.63.9 These prayers have been made for you, O Indra, by the Gotamas, spoken with reverence for the two tawny steeds; bring us a richly ornamented prize — may he come swiftly at dawn, rich in wisdom.

1.64.1 O Nodha, carry forth a noble hymn to the mighty host, the fine-jawed, the wise, to the Maruts; like water, serene in mind, nimble of hand, I anoint the songs present at the assemblies.

1.64.2 They were born from heaven, the tall bulls, the youths of Rudra, the lordly ones, the stainless; purifying, bright as suns, valiant like drops, of terrible form.

1.64.3 Young, the Rudras, ageless, smashing, they have grown up irresistible like mountains; even the firm, all the earthly beings they set in motion, and the heavenly ones, by their greatness.

1.64.4 With bright ornaments they anoint themselves for beauty; they have placed golden ornaments on their chests for splendor; spears cling to their shoulders — together the men of heaven were born by their own power.

1.64.5 Creating sovereignty, roaring, consuming enemies, they have made the winds and lightnings with their powers; the shakers milk the heavenly udder, the far-runners swell the earth with milk.

1.64.6 The Maruts, good givers, swell the waters at the assemblies, milk that is like ghee; they lead away the prize-winning one like a stallion through the mist, they milk the thundering, inexhaustible spring.

1.64.7 Buffalo-like, magical, of wondrous brilliance, self-mighty like mountains, swift in descent; like wild elephants you devour the forests, when you harnessed your powers in the ruddy ones.

1.64.8 They roar like lions, the wise ones; beautifully adorned like Piśācas, all-knowing; quickening the nights with their dappled mares and spears, truly formidable in their rage and strength.

1.64.9 The two world-halves speak of the splendor of the host — the heroes who accompany men, formidable in strength and wrath; on your chariot poles visible like a prayer, like lightning stood the lightning in your chariots, O Maruts.

1.64.10 All-knowing, dwelling together with riches, mingling with powers, broad-bodied; the men who devour bulls, of boundless might, have placed their arrow in their hands as shooters.

1.64.11 With golden wheel-rims, swelling with milk, lifting up the mountains as if off the road; high-spirited, untiring, self-flowing, shaking what is firm, the Maruts of shining spears.

1.64.12 The impetuous, purifying, resplendent, far-seeing son of Rudra we praise with our call; follow the dust-crossing, mighty troop of Maruts, those who press soma, the bulls, for beauty.

1.64.13 Now indeed that mortal has surpassed men in might, whom you, O Maruts, have protected with aid; he bears the prize with his steeds, wins wealth with men of noble will — he dwells and prospers.

1.64.14 O Maruts, place among the generous ones an energy celebrated everywhere, irresistible in battles, glorious; the prize-winning, hymn-worthy, all-beholding — may we foster offspring and progeny for a hundred winters.

1.64.15 Now, O Maruts, place among us a firm, hero-accompanied wealth, victorious in every onset — thousandfold, hundredfold, ever increasing; may he come swiftly at dawn, rich in wisdom.

1.65.1 Like a thief hiding in secret among the cattle — harnessing reverence, bearing reverence.

1.65.2 The wise ones, of one mind, followed with steps; all the adorable ones sat down near you.

1.65.3 The gods went in accordance with the ordinances of Ṛta; may there be encompassment like heaven over the earth.

1.65.4 The swelling waters with admiration, the well-born in the womb of Ṛta — the young calf beautifully born.

1.65.5 Like nourishment that is joyful, like a broad settlement, like a mountain that bends, like a benign wave.

1.65.6 Like a swift horse poured out at a race, like a river's wave — who shall hold him back?

1.65.7 Kinsman of the rivers, like a brother to his sisters, like a king having elephants, he devours the forests.

1.65.8 When, urged by the wind, he stands apart in the forests — Agni indeed gives the hair of the earth.

1.65.9 He breathes in the waters like a swan sitting — most conspicuous in will, the arouser of the settlements at dawn.

1.65.10 Like Soma the ordainer, born from Ṛta, like a young animal, the all-pervading one shining from afar.

1.66.1 Like a wonderful treasure, like the sight of the sun, like the breath of life, like an eternal son.

1.66.2 Like a swift one blazing he clings to the forests; like milk in a cow, the pure one, the bright-shining.

1.66.3 He upholds welfare, delightful like a home, like ripened barley, the conqueror of peoples.

1.66.4 Like a ṛṣi praised with songs among the clans, like a contented prize-winner, he establishes vigor.

1.66.5 Blazing in a hard-to-leave abode, like an eternal will, like a wife in the womb, fit for all.

1.66.6 When the wondrous one shines without clouds, like a white one among the clans, like a golden chariot, formidable in battles.

1.66.7 Like an army let loose he maintains the fastest; like the lightning of the archer, of terrible face.

1.66.8 He is indeed Yama when born, Yama in birthhood, the lover of maidens, the lord of wives.

1.66.9 Him we approach moving as your dwelling; like cows going home they seek the kindled one.

1.66.10 Like a river's wave pressing the downward courses onward, the cows have rejoiced at the sight of the sun.

1.67.1 Born in the forests, Mitra among mortals, he chooses the obedience of one not growing old, like a king.

1.67.2 Good like welfare, auspicious like will — may the Hotā, the carrier of offerings, be independent in thought.

1.67.3 Holding all heroic powers in his hand, unconquered, he placed the gods while sitting in secret.

1.67.4 Men knowing this — those who fix their minds — when they proclaimed the mantra-words carved with the heart.

1.67.5 Like an unborn one he upheld the earth, propped up the sky with true mantras.

1.67.6 Protect the dear footsteps of the animal; O Agni, all-life, go from hiding place to hiding place.

1.67.7 He who knows him dwelling in secret, who has sat down at the stream of Ṛta —

1.67.8 Those who part the rites and cherish them — indeed the goods have been proclaimed for him.

1.67.9 He who, by greatness, grew among the plants — and also progeny, and within the seeds.

1.67.10 Intelligence in the house of the waters, all-life — the wise ones, as if at a dwelling, united and acted.

1.68.1 Glowing he stood near heaven, the eager one; he uncovered the nights of the standing and the moving.

1.68.2 When he, one among them all, became the god of all gods by his greatness.

1.68.3 Then all of them enjoyed your will, when, O god, you were born living from the dry.

1.68.4 All shared in the name divinity, cherishing Ṛta and the immortal with their ways.

1.68.5 By the impulse of Ṛta, by the thought of Ṛta, the all-life — all performed the works.

1.68.6 Who sacrifices to you, or who serves you — to him, the knowing one, assign wealth.

1.68.7 The Hotā seated in the offspring of Manu — he indeed is the lord of these riches.

1.68.8 Seeking seed mutually in their bodies, they came to know each other by their own capacities, the wise ones.

1.68.9 Like sons their father's will, they enjoyed it — those swift ones who heeded his command.

1.68.10 For wealth the much-nourishing one opened the doors, adorned the firmament with stars — the house-friend.

1.69.1 Bright, blazing, like the lover of Dawn, filling both regions like the light of heaven.

1.69.2 Born around, you became by your will; being the son, you became the father of the gods.

1.69.3 Agni the ordainer, unweakened, discerning — like the udder of cows, the sweet tasting of nourishments.

1.69.4 Dear to the folk, being one to be invoked, seated in the middle, delightful in the house.

1.69.5 Like a son born, delightful in the house — like a pleased prize-winner, he has penetrated the clans.

1.69.6 When he, dwelling together with men and the clans, called out — Agni through divinity obtained all.

1.69.7 No one diminishes these ordinances of yours, since you have made readiness for these men.

1.69.8 This indeed is your wondrous deed, that you struck with equals, that when yoked with men you warded off blemishes.

1.69.9 Like the lover of Dawn, the bright one, the dawn-colored — let him of the well-known form shine for him.

1.69.10 Bearing by themselves, they opened the doors; all rejoiced at the sight of the sun.

1.70.1 May we win the many gifts of the lord with wisdom; Agni, brilliantly glowing, has obtained all things.

1.70.2 The knowing one, he has filled the divine ordinances, has filled the birth of human folk.

1.70.3 He who is the embryo of the waters, the embryo of the forests, the embryo of the standing things, the embryo of the moving things.

1.70.4 Even in the rock, within the house, like the all-encompassing one of the clans, the immortal, independent in thought.

1.70.5 For he is the possessor of nights — Agni of riches — he gives to him who rightly serves with well-sung hymns.

1.70.6 O knowing one, protect these existences; O knower of the birth of gods and of mortals.

1.70.7 Him whom the many nights of varied form increased — both the standing and the moving, the chariot led by Ṛta.

1.70.8 The Hotā has succeeded, seated in heaven, performing all true works.

1.70.9 You are set for fame among the cows, among the forests; may all bring tribute — bring us the sun.

1.70.10 Men honor you in many places; like that of a living father, they carry the knowledge to you.

1.70.11 Like a good one, eager like a thrower — a hero; like a fierce one on the march, formidable in battles.

1.71.1 Gladdening the eager ones, the eager lord, coming near — the clans dwelling together like an eternal husband; the sisters enjoyed the dark one and the ruddy one, like cows the wondrous shining Dawn.

1.71.2 With hymns our fathers, the Aṅgirases, smashed even the firm and solid rock with their shout; they made a path for us in the great heaven — they found the day, the sun, the light of the morning rays.

1.71.3 Establishing Ṛta, enriching his thought — thus the lord's eager ones, the maintained ones; the unweary works go toward the gods, nourishing their birth with delight.

1.71.4 When Mātariśvan, the maintained one, churned him and the white one became the conqueror house by house; then the Bhṛgu-born one, accompanying as with a powerful king, has distributed the office of messenger.

1.71.5 When the dappled knowing one wrought his sap for the great father and heaven, the calf ran forward; the bold archer let the lightning fly for him — the god placed his brilliance in his own daughter.

1.71.6 He who shines for you in your own house, or gives homage day after day eagerly — he is your growth, O Agni; doubly great the vigor of that one; with riches may he go in the same chariot whom you urge forward.

1.71.7 All nourishments attend upon Agni, like the seven great rivers flowing to the ocean; his strength has not been distinguished by kinswomen — the knowing one, find wisdom for us among the gods.

1.71.8 When the brilliance reached the lord of men for impulse, the pure seed was poured in — heaven directly; Agni begot and purified the young, blameless host, independent in thought.

1.71.9 He who, like the mind, goes instantly along the paths — alone, together, the sun is lord of goods; the two kings Mitra and Varuṇa of beautiful hands, guarding the dear immortal one among the cows.

1.71.10 O Agni, do not forget the ancestral friendships, being a knowing poet; old age diminishes the form as the cloud does — before that danger, take thought for us.

1.72.1 The ordainer has continually laid down the poetic powers, holding many heroic things in his hand; Agni has become the lord of riches, the maker together of all immortal things.

1.72.2 The immortals, the wise ones, seeking, did not find the calf present among us; the wearied, track-following, mind-setting ones stood at the highest beautiful station of Agni.

1.72.3 For three autumns, O Agni, the pure ones worshipping you the pure one with ghee — even the sacred names they established; the well-born ones quickened their bodies.

1.72.4 Continuously filling the two great world-halves, the adorable Rudrian ones bore themselves; a mortal, thoughtful, knowing, found Agni standing at the highest station.

1.72.5 Recognizing, they sat down kneeling, those with wives paying homage to the adorable one; they made their own bodies grow thin — friend protecting friend in an instant.

1.72.6 The three-times-seven secrets that are in you — the adorable ones, depositing them, found the footsteps; with these they guard the immortal, of one accord — protect both the cattle, the standing ones, and the moving.

1.72.7 O Agni, knowing the arrangements of the settlements, you placed the glories one after another for living; knowing the inner paths that lead to the gods, untiring, you became the messenger and carrier of oblations.

1.72.8 Self-knowing, the seven great ones of heaven, knowing Ṛta, opened the doors of wealth; Saramā found the firm, enclosed cattle-pen — thereby now the human clan enjoys.

1.72.9 They who have obtained all good progeny, making the path to immortality; the earth extended with the greatness of the great ones — Aditi the mother with her sons for the nourishment of the bird.

1.72.10 They placed the lovely glory in him, when the immortals made the two eyes of heaven; then the rivers flow like those let loose — the ruddy ones going downward, O Agni, came to knowledge.

1.73.1 He who is like riches acquired by the fathers, the establisher of vigor, like the good guidance of the knowing — like a welcome guest of restful disposition being pleased, like a Hotā he penetrated the house of the worshippers.

1.73.2 He who, like the god Savitṛ, is true in thought — by his will he guards all the communities; widely praised, the prayer like truth — like the self he became dear, worthy of desire.

1.73.3 He who, like the god, dwells near the earth as the all-sustainer — like a king who is a beneficent friend; like heroes sitting in front, sitting in shelter — blameless like a wife beloved by her husband.

1.73.4 You — men attend to you always kindled in the house, O Agni, in the firm settlements; on you they placed abundant glory — be the all-life, the foundation of riches.

1.73.5 O Agni, may the generous ones win the nourishments, may the inspired ones win who give all life; may we win the prize in gatherings, the lord placing his share among the gods for glory.

1.73.6 For the cows of Ṛta, lowing, with full udders, have swelled, shared with the day; seeking good-will from the distance, the rivers have run evenly against the mountain.

1.73.7 In you, O Agni, seeking good will, the adorable ones established fame in heaven; they made the night and dawn of different form, and mixed the dark color and the ruddy.

1.73.8 The mortals whom, O Agni, you, the purifier, direct toward wealth — may we too be among those generous ones; like a shade you embrace all existence, having filled the two worlds and the atmosphere.

1.73.9 Protected by you, O Agni, may we win with our horses the horses of others, with our men the men — heroes; as lords of ancestral riches, may the inspired ones win a hundred winters for us.

1.73.10 May these prayers of yours, O Agni, O ordainer, be pleasing to your mind and heart; may we be capable of steering your wealth well — placing upon ourselves the god-granted glory.

1.74.1 Approaching the sacrifice, let us speak the sacred word to Agni who hears from afar and from near.

1.74.2 He who was the foremost among the closely allied clans that have come together — he protected the house of the worshipper.

1.74.3 Let the folk also say: 'Agni, the Vṛtra-slayer, was born, the winner of wealth in every battle.'

1.74.4 Whose messenger you are in his seat of power, you travel for the enjoyment of offerings — from him you make the sacrifice wonderful.

1.74.5 Him indeed, O Aṅgiras, O son of strength, the people call one of good offering, of good divinity, of good barhis.

1.74.6 You carry hither those gods here for acclaim — the oblations, O brilliant one, for their enjoyment.

1.74.7 Neither any noise of horses nor of the chariot is heard, when, O Agni, you go on your divine mission.

1.74.8 Protected by you, the prize-winner without reproach surpassed the one before him — the worshipper, O Agni, has set forth.

1.74.9 And you, O Agni, solicit from the gods the glorious and heroic, the great, for the worshipper, O god.

1.75.1 Enjoy the most widely spreading speech, the most god-beautifying — pouring oblations in your mouth.

1.75.2 Then may we speak to you, O most Aṅgiras-like Agni, O most ordaining one, the dear sacred prayer with a sharpened edge.

1.75.3 Who among the folk is your kinsman, O Agni? Who offers sacrifice in the rite? Who indeed are you leaning upon?

1.75.4 You are the kinsman among the folk, O Agni, you are the dear Mitra; a friend worthy of praise to friends.

1.75.5 Sacrifice to Mitra and Varuṇa for us, sacrifice to the gods and the great Ṛta; O Agni, worship in your own house.

1.76.1 What approach of the mind to its choicest wish, O Agni, would be most beneficent? What prayer? Or who, through sacrifices, has encompassed your skill? With what mind shall we offer to you?

1.76.2 Come, O Agni, sit here as Hotṛ; undeceived, be our good leader. May heaven and earth, all-sustaining, protect you. We sacrifice to the gods for gracious favour.

1.76.3 Burn away all the rākṣasas thoroughly, O Agni; be the guardian of the sacrifices against malediction. Then bring hither with your two bay horses the lord of Soma — we have prepared hospitality for him, the bountiful giver.

1.76.4 The bearer invokes with offspring-granting speech from the mouth; let him sit here together with the gods. You fulfill both the Hotṛ's and the Potṛ's office, O adorable one; be attentive, O leader of the rite, O begetter of riches.

1.76.5 As you, a sage yourself, worshipped the gods with the oblations and wise hymns of the inspired Manu — so, O Hotṛ most true, worship today, O Agni, with your gladdening tongue.

1.77.1 How shall we serve Agni? What hymn, beloved of the gods, is pronounced to the radiant one? He who, immortal among mortals, truthful, the most sacrificing Hotṛ, truly accomplishes the worship of the gods.

1.77.2 He who is most beneficent at sacrifices, the truthful Hotṛ — do honour him with reverences. When Agni chooses the gods for mortal man, then he worships with mind alert.

1.77.3 He is the power, he is the hero, he is the good one; like Mitra he has been the charioteer of the marvellous. Him the clans, eager for the gods, invoke first at sacrifices — the wonder-worker, the active one.

1.77.4 May he, the most heroic of heroes, Agni the destroyer of foes, come with his protection and favour our thought and hymn — and therewith those who are most bountiful and mightiest, who rouse the prize-contest and inspire devotion.

1.77.5 Thus was Agni the truth-possessor, Jātavedas, praised by the Gotamas, the inspired sages. May he among these increase brilliance, and strength, and prosperity; may he come, delighting, taking heed.

1.78.1 O Jātavedas, all-beholding one, we the Gotamas praise you with our hymn; with gleaming songs we sound your praise.

1.78.2 Him — even you — Gotama, desiring riches, honours with his hymn. With gleaming songs we sound your praise.

1.78.3 Him — even you, the greatest winner of prizes — we invoke in the manner of Aṅgiras. With gleaming songs we sound your praise.

1.78.4 Him — even you, the greatest slayer of Vṛtra, who shakest off the Dasyus — we praise. With gleaming songs we sound your praise.

1.78.5 We the Rahūgaṇas have spoken a honeyed word to Agni. With gleaming songs we sound your praise.

1.79.1 Golden-haired, spreading through the expanse of mid-air, the serpent-like one who roars and rushes like the wind — the gleaming dawns, purely shining, bringing news, glorious and energetic, true as those at work.

1.79.2 The fair-winged ones struck with their feathers; the black bull bellowed when this appeared. He came as if with auspicious, smiling ones; the mists fall and the clouds thunder.

1.79.3 When he, nourished by the milk of ṛta, guiding along the straightest paths of ṛta — Aryamā, Mitra, Varuṇa the wanderer, they blend the skin in the womb of the lower one.

1.79.4 O Agni, O youth of strength, lord of prize wealth rich in cattle — bestow on us, O Jātavedas, great renown.

1.79.5 He, the sage, the wealth-bearer, Agni, being kindled, worthy of praise by hymns — shine richly for us, O you whose front is first.

1.79.6 O king of the night, and by yourself, O Agni, of the morning and of the dawn — you of sharp fangs, burn the rākṣasas back in return.

1.79.7 Protect us, O Agni, with your aids in the bringing forth of the Gāyatra metre; you who are worthy of praise in all spiritual insights.

1.79.8 Bring us, O Agni, riches that altogether overcome the foe, excelling, irresistible in all combats.

1.79.9 Bring us, O Agni, wealth with clear wisdom, nourishing all life — grant us your grace to live.

1.79.10 Send forth purified words to Agni of sharp flame, O Gotamas — carry hymns cheerfully.

1.79.11 Whoever assails us, O Agni, whether near or far — let him fall, let him trip; be for our increase alone.

1.79.12 The thousand-eyed, all-perceiving Agni drives away the rākṣasas; the Hotṛ is hymned with praises.

1.80.1 For thus indeed, exhilarated by Soma, the chanting priest wrought enhancement. O mightiest wielder of the vajra, by your power you hewed the serpent out from the earth — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.2 The exhilarating Soma, the bull-drink, brought by the eagle and pressed, exhilarated you — by which, O vajra-bearer, you smote Vṛtra away from the waters with your might — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.3 Go forward, approach, be bold — your vajra shall not fail. O Indra, your might is truly heroic power; smite Vṛtra, conquer the waters — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.4 O Indra, you smote Vṛtra off from the earth, off from heaven; release downward these waters accompanied by the Maruts, these life-sustaining ones — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.5 Indra, incensed, strikes the roaring Vṛtra's ridge with the vajra; stepping upon him he beats him down, urging the waters onward to their flow — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.6 Upon the ridge he beats him down with the hundred-jointed vajra; Indra, gladdened by the Soma-drink, seeks a path for his friends — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.7 O Indra, O boulder-wielding, O vajra-bearer, the heroic deed belongs to you alone, unvanquished — since you slew that magic-wielding beast, him too with your own magic — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.8 Your vajra-bolts sped apart along ninety rivers; great, O Indra, is your heroic deed; the strength is placed in your two arms — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.9 A thousand sing together, twenty add their acclaim around him; a hundred echoed after — the brahman uplifted for Indra — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.10 Indra drove away Vṛtra's might with strength that overpowers strength; great is that heroic deed of his — having slain Vṛtra he set free the waters — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.11 Even these two great ones trembled with fear before your wrath — when, O Indra, O wielder of the vajra, together with the Maruts you smote Vṛtra with your might — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.12 Not by his trembling, not by his thundering did Vṛtra terrify Indra; the iron vajra of a thousand spikes came flying at him — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.13 When, O Indra, you fought Vṛtra and your lightning-bolt with the vajra — your strength that sought to slay the serpent was buckled tight in heaven — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.14 At your battle-cry, O boulder-wielder, the standing and the moving world trembles; even Tvaṣṭṛ quakes in fear at your wrath, O Indra — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.15 For surely what we have declared — no one excels Indra in heroic deeds; in him the gods have together placed heroic might, and wisdom, and powers — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.80.16 The thought which Atharvan, father Manu, and Dadhyañc fashioned of old — in him, O Indra, the brahman-prayers and the recitations came together as before — singing in accord with your own sovereignty.

1.81.1 Indra has grown great for exhilaration, for might, as the Vṛtra-slayer, with his heroes; him we invoke both in great and small battles — may he protect us in the contests for prizes.

1.81.2 For you are the heroic lord of armies, you are the great giver of gifts in abundance; you are the grower even of the small; you bestow favour on the sacrificing and the pressing man — great is your wealth.

1.81.3 When the contests are started and prizes are placed before the bold one — yoke your two steeds who shake with exhilaration; whom will you smite? whom will you place in prosperity? Place us, O Indra, in prosperity.

1.81.4 Great by his will, terrible, his might has grown in accordance with himself; for glory, the tall one, near at hand, the lord of the bay horses, placed the iron vajra in his two jaws and hands.

1.81.5 He has filled the earthly realm; the luminous regions in heaven are held fast. No one like you, O Indra, has been born, nor shall be born; you have surpassed all things.

1.81.6 He who passes on the sustenance of mortal men to the devoted worshipper — may Indra bestow favour on us; distribute your wealth abundantly; may I partake of your bounty.

1.81.7 For at each bout of exhilaration the straight-minded one gives us herds of cattle; grasp together many goods from both sides, with hands full; sharpen us with riches, bring wealth.

1.81.8 Delight yourself, O hero, together with the pressed Soma, for strength, for bounty; for we know you to be the possessor of many goods — we have released our desires toward you; now be our protector.

1.81.9 These, your creatures, O Indra, cause all choiceworthy things to thrive; for among the peoples the possessor can see the wealth of the ungenerous — bring us that wealth.

1.82.1 Listen well to our hymns, O bounteous one, as a mother listens. When you shall bless those of us who have pleasant speech — then surely you will be entreated; yoke now, O Indra, your two bay horses.

1.82.2 The dear ones ate, they became cheerful; the beloved ones were honoured in abundance; the self-luminous inspired seers praised with their latest thought — yoke now, O Indra, your two bay horses.

1.82.3 You who are beautiful to behold, O bounteous one, we would praise; now praised, O you of the fully laden chariot, come following your will — yoke now, O Indra, your two bay horses.

1.82.4 He mounts that bull-like, cattle-winning chariot who recognizes, O Indra, the vessel ready-yoked with the bay horses, full to the brim — yoke now, O Indra, your two bay horses.

1.82.5 Let both right and left be yoked for you, O hundred-witted one; gladdened, go toward your dear wife with him, go to the Soma-drink — yoke now, O Indra, your two bay horses.

1.82.6 With sacred prayer I yoke your two long-maned bay horses; approach, come forward, take them in your two fists. The pressed Soma-juices have boldly exhilarated you; accompanied by Pūṣan, O vajra-bearer, you are jointly exhilarated with your wife.

1.83.1 Well protected by your aids, O Indra, the mortal man goes first among those who have horses and cattle. Him you do fill with ever-greater wealth, as the wise waters flow around the river from all sides.

1.83.2 Like divine waters the gods approach the worshipper worthy of sacrifice; they look downward as upon an extended realm. The gods with prayers lead forward the one who loves the divine; they cherish the one dear to the brahman, as lords their chosen one.

1.83.3 Upon the two he placed praise-worthy speech — the pair who attend with ladles held out in honour; one who is unbound dwells and thrives within your ordinance; auspicious power belongs to the sacrificer and the presser.

1.83.4 Then the Aṅgirases first established their strength — those whose fires are kindled, who by their righteous action — they together found out all the sustenance of the Paṇi, the cattle with horses, all the livestock, those heroes.

1.83.5 Atharvan first spread the paths through sacrifices; from them the sun, the guardian of ordinances, was born as Vena. Uśanas Kāvya drove the cattle together; we worship the immortal, the son of Yama.

1.83.6 Wherever the sacred grass is strewn for the sake of good progeny, or the hymn resounds its echo to the sky, or where the stone speaks and the lauding singer praises — there Indra rejoices at the gatherings.

1.84.1 The Soma has been pressed for you, O Indra, O mightiest, O bold one — come. Let the invigorating realm fill you as the sun with its rays.

1.84.2 The two bay horses carry hither Indra of irresistible might — to the praises of the seers and to the sacrifice of men.

1.84.3 Mount the chariot, O Vṛtra-slayer; your bay horses are yoked by prayer; may the pressing-stone with its sound turn your mind toward us.

1.84.4 Drink this Soma that has been pressed, O Indra, the foremost, immortal exhilaration; the streams of the bright one have flowed upon you in the seat of ṛta.

1.84.5 Sing praise to Indra now, and speak forth the recitations; the pressed drops of Soma have exhilarated; honour the foremost might.

1.84.6 None is a better charioteer than you of your two bay horses when you guide them, O Indra; none matches you in depth, none who has good horses attains to you.

1.84.7 He alone who finds and gives wealth to the mortal devotee — the lord, the irresistible — he is none other than Indra indeed.

1.84.8 When will he kick away the ungenerous mortal with his foot as a mushroom? When will Indra hearken to our hymns — Indra indeed?

1.84.9 Whoever, having pressed Soma, seeks to please you from the many directions — that terrible might rules, and it is Indra indeed.

1.84.10 Thus the wild deer drink of the sweet, exhilarating honey in both directions; those who rove together with Indra, the bull, are exhilarated for glory — the auspicious ones, in accord with his own sovereignty.

1.84.11 Those dappled ones, loving the dappled, cook the Soma; the dappled ones — dear cows of Indra — urge forward the vajra as a sharp weapon — the auspicious ones, in accord with his own sovereignty.

1.84.12 The wise ones serve his might with homage; his many ordinances they have followed for the purpose of foreknowledge — the auspicious ones, in accord with his own sovereignty.

1.84.13 Indra, the irresistible, with the bones of Dadhīca slew the ninety-nine Vṛtras.

1.84.14 Seeking the horse's head that lay hidden in the mountains, he found it at Śaryaṇāvat.

1.84.15 Here they found the secret name of the cow belonging to Tvaṣṭṛ — thus in the house of the moon.

1.84.16 Who today yokes to the shaft the cows of ṛta, these violent, fierce, ill-tempered ones, sharp-shooting, quick-striking, beneficent ones — he who discharges the debt of their maintenance shall live.

1.84.17 Who is impelled, who is shaken, who fears, who thinks of Indra as present? Who speaks out for offspring, for household, for wealth, for his own body, for his people?

1.84.18 Who worships Agni with oblation of ghee, with the ladle, with the fixed seasonal rites? For whom shall the gods quickly bring the invitation of the oblation? Who shall be deemed a sacrificer at the meal, a man of good gods?

1.84.19 You yourself, O god most mighty, commend the mortal; O bounteous one, there is no comforter other than you, O Indra — I speak this word to you.

1.84.20 May neither your gifts nor your protections, O Vasu, ever delude us. Measure out all human goods for us for the sake of men.

1.85.1 They who adorn themselves like women, like swift steeds on the road — the sons of Rudra, of wondrous deeds — the Maruts have made heaven and earth for their growth; the heroes exult in the assemblies, ardent.

1.85.2 Having grown to fullness, the Rudras reached their greatness; in heaven they established their seat. Singing the song they generated Indra's power; the sons of Pṛśni laid on themselves their glory.

1.85.3 The sons of the cow, when they adorn themselves with ornaments, they place shining gold upon their bodies; they drive away every adversary — along their paths flows the ghee.

1.85.4 They who shine splendidly with their lances, moving even the immovable by their force — swift as thought when the Maruts mount their chariots, the troop of bulls, you yoked the dappled mares.

1.85.5 When you yoked the dappled mares to the chariots, driving the stone swiftly in the contest, O Maruts — then the streams of the red one flow apart; with waters they thoroughly moisten the earth as with a skin.

1.85.6 Let your swift-stepping steeds, swift-flying, carry you hither; come forward with your arms. Sit on the sacred grass — a broad seat has been made for you; delight yourselves, O Maruts, in the Soma draught.

1.85.7 They grew by their own might into greatness; they stood at the vault of heaven and made a broad seat. When Viṣṇu strode forward, the exhilaration-shaken bull, like a bird settling on the beloved sacred grass.

1.85.8 Indeed like heroes who have battled, like those who come with desire for glory, they have striven in the battles; all beings fear the Maruts — the men are like kings terrible to behold.

1.85.9 When Tvaṣṭṛ, the fine craftsman, turned out the well-made golden vajra with its thousand spikes — Indra grasped it to perform heroic deeds; he smote Vṛtra and released the flood of waters.

1.85.10 They pushed the well upward with their might; even the firmly established mountain they split apart; blowing their pipe, the Maruts, the good-givers, in the exhilaration of Soma made joyful things.

1.85.11 They pushed the well sideways in that direction, pouring forth the spring for Gotama when he was thirsty; those of brilliant lustre, coming with aid, fulfilled the desire of the seer with their stations.

1.85.12 Whatever threefold shelters you have — extend them to the devoted worshipper, to the one who has offered. Grant those to us, O Maruts, O bulls; bestow on us wealth with good heroes.

1.86.1 That man in whose dwelling the Maruts, the greatly mighty ones, drink from heaven — he is the best-protected of men.

1.86.2 You who are conveyed by sacrifices, or by the thoughts of the inspired one — O Maruts, hearken to this call.

1.86.3 Or whose prize-winning steeds have sped after the inspired seer — he shall go to the cattle-rich fold.

1.86.4 On this hero's sacred grass, at the sacred moments, the Soma is pressed; the recitation and the ecstasy are proclaimed.

1.86.5 May all the realms and all that encompasses the peoples hearken to him — even the refreshments that have flowed toward the sun.

1.86.6 For with many autumns, O Maruts, we have served you with the aids that belong to the peoples.

1.86.7 Happy and blessed, O Maruts who are worthy of sacrifice, may that mortal be, whose offerings you carry across.

1.86.8 For the devoted man, or the strenuous one, O men of true might — do find the wish of the longing one.

1.86.9 You men of true might, manifest that through your greatness; pierce the rākṣasa with your lightning.

1.86.10 Hide away the hidden darkness; drive off every devourer; make the light that we desire.

1.87.1 Waxing great in body, powerful, mighty, unbent, unwavering, pressing the Soma juice — the most pleasing and most heroic, they have anointed themselves with unguents as with bright stars.

1.87.2 When you the Maruts came along some path in the hollows, having kindled motion like birds — the vessels drop upon your chariots; sprinkle the honey-coloured ghee on the singer.

1.87.3 At their onset the earth trembles violently as it were; when they yoke for beauty in their journeys — they who are playful, who shake things, whose lances gleam, who shake themselves, they by themselves make their greatness worthy of praise.

1.87.4 For he — the self-rushing, dapple-horsed, youthful host, lord of the unimpeded, surrounded with strengths — you are the true debt-averter, the unapproachable; you are the protector of this prayer — and so a bull-host.

1.87.5 We speak by the birth of the ancient father; the tongue of Soma proceeds with his sight. When the stone-pressers reached Indra with their toil — then they established the sacrificial names.

1.87.6 For beauty they have come together with their beams; with rays, with hymn-songs, easily pleased — they who have axes, who are eager, fearless, have found the abode of the beloved Mārutas.

1.88.1 Come, O Maruts, with lightning-bearing, sky-brightening chariots, bearing lances, with wings for horses; fly to us with the most exhilarating refreshment like a bird, O masters of good magic.

1.88.2 With their reddish-yellow horses of excellence, with tawny ones, for beauty they go with swift chariot-horses; the chariot's wheel-rim strikes the ground, brilliant as gold, like an axe.

1.88.3 For your beauty on your bodies the axes make the forests stand erect — for what do they hew? For you, O Maruts, well-born, of great lustre, they seek to win wealth by the stone.

1.88.4 The eager days have come around for you; this thought of the Vārkaras, and the divine song — making the brahman-prayer, the Gotamas with their songs have pushed upward the reservoir to drink from.

1.88.5 This and that has Gotama made known to you by the road, O Maruts — beholding your gold-wheeled, iron-tusked wild boars racing on.

1.88.6 This song of yours, O Maruts, the bearer that accompanies — the voice of the worshipping priest resounds back; it has resounded in the wake of the self-born ones' own nature, from the fist.

1.89.1 May auspicious thoughts come to us from all sides, undeluded, unenclosed, opening up; may the gods ever be for our increase — those who are unaging guardians day by day.

1.89.2 May the gracious will of the gods come to those who are upright; may the gift of the gods turn back toward us. We have attained the friendship of the gods; may the gods extend our life so that we may live.

1.89.3 Them we call with the ancient proclamation — Bhaga, Mitra, Aditi, Dakṣa the unfailing, Aryamā, Varuṇa, Soma, the two Aśvins; may Sarasvatī, the bounteous, make bliss for us.

1.89.4 May the wind blow us that healing which is blissful; may mother Earth and father Heaven give it. May the pressing-stones that press the Soma give that bliss — may you two Aśvins, the wise, hearken to that.

1.89.5 Him, the lord of the moving and the standing world, the stimulator of thought — we call for protection. May Pūṣan be for our increase with his possessions, our undeluded guardian and protector for our welfare.

1.89.6 May Indra of great fame grant us well-being; may Pūṣan the all-knowing grant us well-being; may Tārkṣya of uninjured rim grant us well-being; may Bṛhaspati grant us well-being.

1.89.7 The Maruts of dappled steeds, with Pṛśni as mother, going beautifully in the assemblies, those who come forth — with Agni as tongue, the Manus with the sun's eye — may all the gods come hither to us with protection.

1.89.8 O gods, may we hear auspicious things with our ears; O adorable ones, may we see auspicious things with our eyes; with firm limbs, with bodies, having praised — may we enjoy the life allotted by the gods.

1.89.9 A hundred autumns may we stand before you, O gods, during which you bring aging of our bodies to pass, during which sons become fathers — do not cut short our life in the middle of our going.

1.89.10 Aditi is heaven, Aditi is mid-air, Aditi is mother and father and son; all the gods are Aditi, the five peoples are Aditi; Aditi is what is born, and Aditi is what shall be born.

1.90.1 May Varuṇa lead us with straight guidance; may Mitra, the wise one, lead us; may Aryamā, joined in delight with the gods.

1.90.2 For they are lords of wealth, they who hold wealth, the undistracted ones by their greatness — they guard the ordinances every day.

1.90.3 May they extend shelter to us, the immortal ones to us mortals, driving away the haters.

1.90.4 May Indra and the Maruts clear our paths for easy going; may Pūṣan and Bhaga, the adorable ones.

1.90.5 Also may Pūṣan and Viṣṇu who move swiftly — make our thoughts rich in cattle, make us blessed with well-being.

1.90.6 Sweet blow the winds to the one who follows ṛta; sweet flow the rivers; may the plants be sweet to us.

1.90.7 Sweet be the night and sweet the dawn; sweet be the earthly realm; may our father Heaven be sweet.

1.90.8 May the lord of the forest be sweet to us, may the sun be sweet; may our cows be sweet.

1.90.9 Auspicious to us be Mitra, auspicious be Varuṇa, auspicious be Aryamā to us; auspicious be Indra and Bṛhaspati, and may Viṣṇu of wide strides be auspicious to us.

1.91.1 Thou, O Soma, art made known by wisdom; thou guidest us along the most direct path. By thy guidance, O Indu, the wise fathers obtained their share of treasure among the gods.

1.91.2 Thou, O Soma, hast become of excellent resolve through thy powers of will; through thy capacities, all-knowing and of surpassing skill. Thou, the bull, by thy bull-like greatness, hast become resplendent through thy glories, O thou who seest men.

1.91.3 Thy ordinances are even as those of King Varuṇa; great and profound is thy dwelling, O Soma. Thou art pure, beloved like Mitra; thou art as fit for worship as Aryaman, O Soma.

1.91.4 With all those thy forms that are in heaven, that are on earth, that are on the mountains, in the plants, in the waters—with all of these, O King Soma, graciously and without anger receive our oblations.

1.91.5 Thou, O Soma, art lord of the good; thou art king and also slayer of Vṛtra. Thou art the auspicious will.

1.91.6 And thou, O Soma, at our wish we shall not die but live. Thou art the lord of the forest, dear to those who praise thee.

1.91.7 Thou, O Soma, grantest great good fortune; thou grantest power to the young man devoted to the sacred law. Thou bestowest strength that he may live.

1.91.8 Do thou, O Soma, O King, protect us from every side against him who would harm us. A friend who has thee as his protector shall not suffer hurt.

1.91.9 O Soma, whatever blissful aids of thine exist for the worshipper—with all of those be thou our helper.

1.91.10 Come near, delighting in this sacrifice and this hymn of praise. O Soma, be thou for our increase.

1.91.11 We who are skilled in sacred words magnify thee, O Soma, with our songs. Enter into us with kindly grace.

1.91.12 O Soma, who art the sweller of homes, the dispeller of disease, the finder of wealth, the increaser of abundance—be thou a good ally to us.

1.91.13 O Soma, make us content in heart, as cows are content in their pastures, as a young man in his own home.

1.91.14 The mortal, O Soma, O god, who delights in thy friendship—him wisdom follows as the seer's attendant.

1.91.15 O Soma, protect us, rescue us from malediction, guard us from sin. Be to us a friend of beautiful grace.

1.91.16 Wax full and mighty; let thy strength as a bull gather together unto thee from all sides, O Soma. Be present at the meeting-place of abundance.

1.91.17 Wax full, O most exhilarating Soma, with all thy streams. Be to us a most glorious friend for our growth.

1.91.18 Let thy milk-streams flow together, let thy food-prizes come together, let thy bull-powers that conquer the enemy come together, O Soma. Waxing full for immortality, fix thy highest glories in the sky.

1.91.19 Whatever of thy forms they worship with oblation—may all those of thee surround this sacrifice. O Soma, sweller of homes, guide onwards, rich in heroes, a man's leader; drive forward through the dwelling.

1.91.20 Soma gives the milk-cow, Soma gives the swift steed, Soma gives the hero fit for deeds—the sacrificial gift, the victor in assembly, worthy of the father's renown—to him who has offered to Soma.

1.91.21 Thee, the unconquerable in battles, the fulfiller in armies, the winner of the sun and waters, the herdsman of the settlement, born for the fight, of beautiful abode, of fair fame, the victorious—thee, O Soma, may we follow with joy.

1.91.22 Thou, O Soma, hast generated all these plants; thou hast generated the waters; thou, the cows. Thou hast stretched out the wide mid-air; thou by thy light hast driven away the darkness.

1.91.23 O divine Soma, with divine mind fight for our share of riches, O thou of a thousand powers. Let none deprive thee of lordship over thy might; discern well on both sides in the seeking of kine.

1.92.1 Lo, these Dawns have raised their signal; in the first half of the sky they anoint the sun. Bold, like those who polish their weapons, the ruddy cows, the mothers, advance to meet him.

1.92.2 The ruddy shining rays of Dawn flew freely upward; the self-yoked ruddy cows were harnessed. The Dawns have enacted their customs as of old; the ruddy ones have clung to the blazing sun.

1.92.3 Like craftswomen at their tasks, they gleam from afar, all yoked together with one harnessing. Bearing food to the generous patron, to the well-doing sacrificer, all days they shine for the soma-presser.

1.92.4 She puts on her adornments like a dancer; she uncovers her breast like a nursing mother. Creating light for all the world, Dawn, like cows streaming to their pen, has driven away the darkness.

1.92.5 The shining flame of her was seen facing us; she spreads forth, pushing back the monstrous darkness. Blazing her ornament in the assemblies like a beam of light, the daughter of the sky has mounted the bright sunbeam.

1.92.6 We have crossed to the farther shore of this darkness; Dawn as she shines makes the paths visible. Smiling for splendour like a verse of beauty, the fair-faced Dawn has aroused herself for our well-being.

1.92.7 Bright-shining guide of gracious words, daughter of the sky, thou art praised by the Gotamas. O Uṣas, bring near to us the prizes led by cows, whose vanguard is rich in men, whose foundation is horses.

1.92.8 O Dawn, may I obtain that glorious wealth, rich in fine heroes, surpassing in servants, grounded in horses. O thou of beautiful deeds, thou who shinest with fame, O fortunate one who sets the prizes in motion, grant me the great bounty.

1.92.9 The goddess, seeing all the worlds face to face, shines broadly with her wide-turned eye. Arousing all living things to movement, she has found the speech of all beings in both minds.

1.92.10 Born again and again, ancient, adorning herself with the same colour, the goddess wastes away a mortal's life-span, like a skilled dice-player scattering the pieces.

1.92.11 Uncovering the ends of the sky she has awakened; she drives her sister far away. She who diminishes the generations of men, the maiden shines with the glance of a lover.

1.92.12 Brilliant and fortunate, spreading herself out like herds of cattle, like a river's stream she has moved widely. Not violating the divine ordinances, she of the sun's rays has come forth to be seen.

1.92.13 O Uṣas, bring to us that brilliant bounty, O thou who art rich in prize-horses, whereby we may sustain both offspring and descendants.

1.92.14 O Uṣas, shine forth here today, rich in kine, rich in horses, richly shining, full of gracious gifts, for us with radiance.

1.92.15 For thou art rich in prizes, O Uṣas; yoke today thy ruddy horses. Then bring to us all good fortunes.

1.92.16 O Aśvins, bring your chariot near from us—the goal rich in cattle and gold, O wonder-working pair. Hold back your car with one mind toward us.

1.92.17 Ye two who have thus made the light from the sky, the signal for mankind—bring to us strength, O ye two Aśvins.

1.92.18 May the gods, blissful, wonder-workers, of golden path, who wake at Dawn, come hither and drive us to the drinking of Soma.

1.93.1 O Agni and Soma, hear well this my invocation, ye two bulls. Accept the well-spoken hymns; be a comfort to the worshipper.

1.93.2 O Agni and Soma, he who today serves you both with this word—grant him heroic power, increase of kine, abundance of horses.

1.93.3 O Agni and Soma, he who offers you an oblation, who presents you with the prepared offering—may he attain offspring, heroic power, and all-encompassing life.

1.93.4 O Agni and Soma, that heroic deed of yours is proclaimed whereby ye took away the cows from the niggardly Paṇi without shelter. Ye overcame the remnant of Bṛsaya; ye won one light for many.

1.93.5 These two, Agni and Soma, of one purpose, set these luminaries in the sky. You two released the rivers seized by reproach and disgrace, O Agni and Soma.

1.93.6 One Mātariśvan brought from the sky; the eagle shook the other loose from the rock. O Agni and Soma, waxing great through sacred prayer, ye made the broad world for the sacrifice.

1.93.7 O Agni and Soma, accept and enjoy the oblation that has been set forth; O ye bulls, be pleased with it. Be ye of beautiful shelter and good protection. Then grant to the sacrificer welfare and ease.

1.93.8 He who worships Agni and Soma with oblation, with god-directed mind and with ghee—protect his vow, guard him from sin, and grant great shelter to the people and the clan.

1.93.9 O Agni and Soma, rich in the same wealth, invoked together, favour our songs of praise. Ye two have come together in the divine realm.

1.93.10 O Agni and Soma, he who presents to you both this offering of ghee—for him let the great light blaze forth.

1.93.11 O Agni and Soma, may ye two together delight in these oblations of ours. Come near to us together.

1.93.12 O Agni and Soma, fill us as you would fill a horse; let the tawny morning cows, offerers of the oblation, swell. Place strength in us among the bountiful ones; make our sacrifice attentive to the call.

1.94.1 We have built up this hymn of praise for Jātavedas as one builds a chariot with wisdom. For his guidance is good for us in this assembly. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.2 He for whom thou dost secure the sacrifice prospers; unchallenged he dwells, acquiring heroic power. Distress can never reach him, the oft-protected. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.3 May we be able to kindle thee and accomplish our prayers. In thee the gods eat the oblation that has been offered. Bring the Ādityas hither, for them we desire. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.4 We shall bring fuel and make oblations for thee, advancing through each sacred rite, being mindful. Accomplish our prayers for the prolonging of life. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.5 As herdsman of the clans, creatures move through the nights—those that walk on two feet and those on four. Thou art the brilliant signal of the Dawn, the great one. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.6 Thou art the adhvaryu and the ancient hotar; thou art the praśāstṛ, the potṛ, the purohita by birth. Wise one, thou dost flourish knowing all the priestly functions. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.7 Thou who art of beautiful aspect from every side, appearing alike everywhere; though far away thou shinest through like lightning. O god, thou seest through even the darkness of night. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.8 Let the chariot of the soma-pressers be foremost of the gods; let our praise overcome the malicious. Know this and foster our word. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.9 With thy missiles slay the evil-speakers, the malicious—whoever the devouring ones may be, near or far. Then make easy passage for the sacrificer who sings thy praise. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.10 When thou hast yoked the ruddy, red horses to thy chariot, wind-driven, thy roar is like that of a bull. Then thou dost fill the forests with thy smoke-bannered flame. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.11 Then even the winged birds are frightened by thy roar, when the sparks that feed upon the plants fly apart. May that passage be easy for thy chariots. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.12 This Agni, the wondrous one, is to be nourished for Mitra and Varuṇa; may the wrath of the Maruts pass away. May their mind be gracious to us once more. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.13 Thou art a god of gods, the wondrous Mitra; thou art the wealth of the wealthy, beautiful at the rite. May we abide in thy shelter, most widely renowned. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.14 That is auspicious for thee when, kindled in thy own home, fed with Soma, most merciful and ageless, thou bestowest treasure and riches on the worshipper. O Agni, may we never suffer harm in thy friendship.

1.94.15 He to whom thou, rich in wealth, hast given freely, him thou dost make sinless and whole, O Aditi. He whom thou dost impel with auspicious strength—may we be among those blessed with offspring and thy bounty.

1.94.16 So do thou, O Agni, knowing the nature of good fortune, prolong our life here, O god. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Sky grant us this.

1.95.1 Two beings of different form move toward the same goal, and each suckles a calf in turn. One is tawny, possessing inherent power, in one; in the other a bright one of beautiful radiance has appeared.

1.95.2 Ten untiring young women gave birth to this embryo of Tvaṣṭṛ, this widely carried one. They lead him around among the people, sharp-edged, self-glorious, shining radiantly.

1.95.3 Three races tend to him; one ocean is his, one in the sky, one in the waters. Following the former direction of earthly beings, he ordains the seasons and distributes them in due order.

1.95.4 Who among you has perceived this secret? The calf has generated the mothers by his own powers. The embryo of many active ones, dwelling in their lap, the great seer wanders forth by night, possessed of inherent power.

1.95.5 Entering in, the beautiful one grows upright on the lap of the crooked ones, of self-glory. Both consorts of Tvaṣṭṛ tremble at his birth; they who face away turn toward the lion with joy.

1.95.6 Both benefit from him, deeming nothing; the lowing cows have come near by his paths. He has become lord of the capable among the skilful; they anoint him with oblations on the right side.

1.95.7 He stretches both arms upward like Savitṛ; terrible, blazing, he strains on both sides of the channel. He drives the bright garment upward from himself; he sheds new garments for the mothers.

1.95.8 He makes his form most fierce when he mingles in his seat with the cows and waters. The inspired one polishes the foundation; that meeting of divine powers has come into being.

1.95.9 Thy wide expanse goes around the foundation, the dwelling-place of the great buffalo shining forth. O Agni, kindled with all thine own glories, guard us with thy inviolable protections.

1.95.10 In the desert he makes a watercourse, a way, a wave; with bright waves he approaches the earth. He holds all the prizes in his belly; within, he moves in the new birth-waters.

1.95.11 Thus, O Agni, waxing great by fuel, O Purifier, shine forth brilliantly for our fame. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Sky grant us this.

1.96.1 Born as of old with power, he straightway seized all the inspired wisdom. Accomplishing friendship with the waters and with Dhiṣaṇā, the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.2 By the first invocation of the two inspired sages, he generated these offspring of Manu. With the eye of Vivasvat, both the sky and the waters—the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.3 Him they praised as the first accomplisher of the sacrifice, offering to the races of strangers, the gliding one. The son of vigour, Bharata, of flowing liberality—the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.4 He who is Mātariśvan, rich in many gifts, found the path for his son, winning the sun. The herdsman of the clans, generator of heaven and earth—the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.5 Night and Dawn, assuming the same colour, both suckle the one child as they face each other. The golden one gleams between heaven and earth—the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.6 The foundation of riches, the meeting-place of goods, the banner of the sacrifice, the accomplisher of prayer and bird—those who guard immortality, the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.7 Now and of old the seat of riches, the earth of what is born and what is being born, the herdsman of what exists and what will be abundant—the gods sustained Agni, the giver of wealth.

1.96.8 The wealth-giver—may he advance the wealth of the swift; the wealth-giver of the munificent man. The wealth-giver shall grant us food rich in heroes; the wealth-giver shall bestow long life.

1.96.9 Thus, O Agni, waxing great by fuel, O Purifier, shine forth brilliantly for our fame. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Sky grant us this.

1.97.1 O Agni, burn away our sin; shine thou and bring us wealth. Burn away our sin.

1.97.2 We worship for good land, for easy passage, and for goods. Burn away our sin.

1.97.3 When the most glorious among them and our own patrons shine forth—burn away our sin.

1.97.4 When through thee, O Agni, thy patrons prevail, when we too prevail—burn away our sin.

1.97.5 When the rays of Agni the mighty go forth from everywhere—burn away our sin.

1.97.6 For thou art the one whose face turns to all sides, thou art the one who surrounds from every side—burn away our sin.

1.97.7 O thou whose face turns to all sides, carry us past our foes like a boat—burn away our sin.

1.97.8 May he carry us safely across like a ferry-boat over a river, to well-being—burn away our sin.

1.98.1 May we be in the grace of Vaiśvānara, for he is the resplendent king of all the worlds. Born from here, he surveys this whole universe; Vaiśvānara strives together with the sun.

1.98.2 Questioned in heaven, questioned in earth, Agni has entered into all the plants. Vaiśvānara, Agni questioned with power—may he protect us from injury by day and by night.

1.98.3 O Vaiśvānara, may that be true for thee; may bountiful riches attend us. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Sky grant us this.

1.99.1 We press Soma for Jātavedas; his knowledge burns down those who harbour ill will. May Agni carry us past all difficult places, across all evil paths, as a boat carries one across a river.

1.100.1 He who is the bull dwelling together with his bull-powers, the sovereign lord of the great sky and the earth, of truly heroic strength, to be invoked in battles—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.2 Whose unimpeded course is like the sun's, whose Vṛtra-slaying fierceness exists in every battle, who is most bull-like with his own friends and companions—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.3 Whose paths go forth like those yielding the seed of heaven, filled with power, who by his manly deeds pierces through enmities as one who has conquered—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.4 He became most Aṅgiras-like with the Aṅgirasas, a bull with the bulls, a companion with companions; most hymn-rich with the hymn-singers, the eldest in the ways—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.5 Skilful like the Rudras, his sons, having overcome his foes in the trial of men's strength, winning glorious deeds with his nest-companions—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.6 He the wrathful one who brings about the conflict, who has won the sun through our heroes, who on this day is the lord of the good, much-invoked—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.7 His aids delight in the winning of heroes in battle; the clans of settled land make him their protector. He alone is lord of all that is pitiable—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.8 Men have longed for him of great strength at the festivals, man craving man for his aid and for wealth. Even in blind darkness he finds the light—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.9 With his left hand he restrains even the strong; in his right hand are gathered his achievements. Even with a weak man he wins riches—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.10 He shall win with the battle-hosts, shall win with the chariots; he is known today with all the peoples. By manly deeds he overcomes reproaches—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.11 Whether in the assembly he meets with kindred or with non-kindred, O much-invoked, by his paths he wins offspring of the waters and descendants—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.12 He who bears the thunderbolt, the slayer of Dasyus, terrible, fierce, of a thousand insights, of a hundredfold might, skilful—mighty as the bison of the five peoples—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.13 His thunderbolt always roars, winning the sun; his tumult is terrible, blazing as the sky. Ancient gifts attend him, riches attend him—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.14 He whose ceaseless praise and proclamation with power fills heaven and earth on every side—may he, exhilarated by his powers of will, bring us through—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.15 Neither the gods and divine powers, nor mortals, nor even the waters have reached the limit of his might. He, the wandering one, with his skill fills both earth and sky—may Indra with the Maruts be for our aid.

1.100.16 The ruddy-and-dark dappled mare, of beautiful bite, wearing ornaments, belonging to the celestial wealth of Ṛjrāśva—she, the pleasant one, bearing a bull-led chariot in the yoke-teams, has been seen among the Nahuṣa folk.

1.100.17 This is indeed that praise of thine, O bull Indra, the bounty which the Vārṣāgiras celebrate. Ṛjrāśva with yoked teams, Ambarīṣa, Sahadevas, Bhayamāna, Surādhās—these sing thee.

1.100.18 Having slain the Dasyus and the Śimyus by his paths, O much-invoked one, Śarva has crushed them into the earth. He of the good thunderbolt won the field with white companions, won the sun, won the waters.

1.100.19 May Indra be our advocate every day; unchecked, may we win the prize. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Sky grant us this.

1.101.1 Sing forth an invigorating, nourishing hymn of praise to him who drove out the black-bellied ones together with Ṛjiśvan; seeking his aid, we call upon the mighty one, right-handed with the thunderbolt, him accompanied by the Maruts, for friendship.

1.101.2 He who with exulting fury smote Vyaṁsa, who slew Śambara, who struck down lawless Pipru; Indra who turned back dry Śuṣṇa, who drains not — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.3 Whose virile might heaven and earth proclaim as great; in whose ordinance Varuṇa moves, in whose ordinance the sun; whose ordinance the rivers, Indra's rivers, follow — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.4 Who is the sovereign lord of horses and of cattle, and who remains firm in every deed when invoked; Indra the strong, the death-blow to the one who presses no soma — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.5 Who is the lord of all that breathes in the world, who first found the cows for the devotee; Indra who hurled the Dasyus downward — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.6 He who is to be invoked by the brave and by the timid, who is called upon by those who race into battle and by those who have won; Indra, upon whom all the worlds have set their hopes — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.7 The all-seeing one goes in the quarters of the Rudras; the maiden stretches wide the expanse with the Rudras; with devotion one praises the renowned Indra — him, accompanied by the Maruts, we call for friendship.

1.101.8 Whether, O Indra attended by the Maruts, thou dost rejoice in the highest abode, or whether in the lower habitation — come hither to our sacrifice; for thy sake we have prepared the oblation, O true-gifted one.

1.101.9 For thee, O Indra of great skill, we have pressed the soma; for thy sake we have prepared the oblation, O thou who art borne by prayer; now with thy team of horses, together with the Maruts as thy company, rejoice at this sacrifice upon the sacred grass.

1.101.10 Rejoice, O Indra, with thy bay horses; unloose thy cheeks, release the two reins; may thy bays bring thee, O thou of lovely chin, willing — accept our oblations with pleasure.

1.101.11 May we, guarded by the praise of the Maruts, win the prize of strength together with Indra. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that boon.

1.102.1 I offer unto thee this great and mighty prayer — the intelligence attaches itself to the praise of this great one; him unconquered in contest and in battle, Indra, the gods exulted in his power one after another.

1.102.2 The seven rivers carry his glory; Heaven and Earth bear his fair form in their lap; in us the sun and moon, for their illumination, travel back and forth trustingly — grant us this, O Indra.

1.102.3 Urge forward that victorious chariot of thine, O Maghavan, to win the spoil — the chariot we have praised for thee in the encounter; drive it forward with thy mind, O Indra praised by many; grant shelter to those who are devoted to thee, O Maghavan.

1.102.4 May we conquer, with thee as our ally, the prize that is ours; lift up our share in battle after battle; make wide and easy room for us, O Indra; shatter the virile strength of our enemies, O Maghavan.

1.102.5 For various clans call on thee, O upholder of wealth, with their praises, seeking thy aid; mount our chariot for the winning of the prize, for thy mind, O Indra, is set on victory.

1.102.6 His arms win cattle; boundless in counsel, unsurpassed, the hundredfold helper in every deed, the hero — Indra equalled none with his strength; and so the peoples who desire to conquer call upon him from every side.

1.102.7 Thy glory among peoples rises above the hundred, above even more, surpasses a thousand; the intelligence intensifies thee, measureless and mighty; even so thou slayest the Vṛtras, O Puraṁdara, fort-destroyer.

1.102.8 The measure of thy might has a triple-threaded element; three are the earths, O lord of men, and three the bright realms; thou hast surpassed all this universe; without enemy from birth, thou art ever, O Indra.

1.102.9 Thee we invoke first among the gods; thou hast been the unconquered one in battles; may Indra drive this eager, most devoted, bursting-forth one's chariot of ours to the fore at the start of the contest.

1.102.10 Thou hast conquered; thou hast not shut off the spoils; in small battles and in great, O Maghavan — we sharpen thee, the fierce one, for our protection; now, O Indra, impel us forward in our invocations.

1.102.11 May Indra be our advocate always; undeviated, may we win the prize. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that boon.

1.103.1 That highest power of thine, the seers of old established pointing outward; one part of it is here on earth, another in the sky — together they meet like a single standard of an army.

1.103.2 He sustained the earth and spread it wide; having smitten with the thunderbolt, he released the waters; he slew the serpent, he cleft Rauhinī apart; Maghavan cut down Vyaṁsa with his mighty deeds.

1.103.3 He, the strong-natured, placing faith in his might, went about shattering the fortresses, distributing among the Dāsīs; knowing, O Vajrin, hurl thy weapon at the Dasyu; increase the Aryan's dominion and glory, O Indra.

1.103.4 That Maghavan, bearing a name worthy of praise, spoke to the ancient one for these ages of men; when the Vajrin advanced to slay the Dasyus and the son established a name for glory.

1.103.5 Behold this abundance, this great prosperity of his — place your faith in the heroic deeds of Indra; he found the cows, he found the horses, he found the herbs, he found the waters, he found the forests.

1.103.6 We press soma for the abundant-actioned bull, the vigorous one, whose strength is true; he who, like a hero lying in wait on the road, goes distributing spoil among those who do not sacrifice.

1.103.7 Thou didst accomplish that heroic deed surpassing what had been done before, when thou didst rouse the lying serpent with the thunderbolt; the consorts and the birds rejoiced after thee, all the gods exulted after thee.

1.103.8 Śuṣṇa, Pipru, Kuyava, and Vṛtra thou didst slay, O Indra, and didst shatter the fortresses of Śambara; may Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that boon.

1.104.1 A seat has been made for thee, O Indra, in which to sit; sit down therein like a mighty man, not like a steed; let loose the birds and unyoke the horses at the approach of evening and dawn, thou who art fit to carry us forward.

1.104.2 Lo, those men have approached Indra for aid; may he reach them straightway even now on the path; the gods, having crushed down the wrath of the Dāsa, may they bring our tribe to well-being.

1.104.3 The all-knowing one draws by himself the wave downward, by himself draws down the foaming water; bathed in milk — may the two consorts of Kuyava, once he is slain, lie on the slope of the ravine.

1.104.4 The navel of the higher one's offspring has been severed; the hero surpasses with his ancient powers in ruling the land; the two gracious, axe-wielding wives of the hero, urging milk forward, bear it with the waters.

1.104.5 When that dwelling of the Dasyu was seen in the way, it did not go to the abode knowing its direction; therefore act for us, O Maghavan; do not abandon us as the generous man abandons the ungifted supplicant.

1.104.6 Be thou for us, O Indra, blameless in the sun and in the waters; grant us a share in the praise of the living; do not cut short our portion in the middle; this we entrust in faith to thy great might.

1.104.7 Now I believe faith has been placed in thee by us; O bull, urge us forward to great wealth; do not give our food-supply, O Indra much-invoked, to the hungry in an unworked condition.

1.104.8 Slay us not, O Indra, give us not away; steal not from us our dear enjoyments; shatter not our eggs, O Maghavan, O mighty one; break not the vessels that were born together with us.

1.104.9 Come hither — they call thee the lover of soma; this soma is pressed, drink of it for exhilaration; fill thy wide belly as a bull; hear us as we call thee, as a father hears.

1.105.1 The moon runs in the waters, the eagle soars in the sky; the lightning-bolts with golden rims find not your track — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.2 Only for a purpose does the wife draw her husband to her — the one who is in need; they press out the manly milk; having set aside the essence, they milk it — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.3 May not, O gods, yonder sky fall down from heaven; may we never be in the void of the soma-yielding, the auspicious one — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.4 I ask the lowest sacrifice; that messenger will proclaim it: where has the primordial order gone, who now carries it onward? — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.5 Ye gods who stand in the three bright regions of the sky — what is right and what is wrong among you? Where is your ancient oblation? — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.6 What is the foundation of ṛta? What is the vision of Varuṇa? How shall we traverse the great path of Aryaman, we the perplexed? — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.7 I am he who in an earlier time spoke certain things at the pressing of soma; afflictions assail me — like a wolf assailing a thirsty animal — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.8 The ribs press against me on both sides like rival wives; the middle ones gnaw through like mice gnawing at sinews — they consume thy praiser, O Śatakratu of the hundred powers — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.9 Those seven rays — my navel-cord is stretched out to them; Trita Āptya knows that and sings it to make kin — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.10 Those five bulls who stand in the midst of the great heaven — those that are worthy to be proclaimed among the gods have turned back all together — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.11 The eagles sit in the intermediate region of the ascent of the sky; they ward off from the paths the wolf who crosses over the swiftly flowing waters — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.12 That new recitable hymn, set forth for the gods, easy to proclaim: the rivers flow with ṛta, the sun has spread truth — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.13 That recitable thing of thine, O Agni, belongs to the gods as their treasure; do thou, seated there more wisely than Manu, worship the gods for us — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.14 The Hotṛ-priest seated there, wiser than Manu, faces the gods; Agni, the wise god among gods, well sets the oblations moving — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.15 Brahmā Varuṇa makes the path-knowing one; we implore him; he uncovers with the heart the thought — may the new ṛta be born — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.16 Yonder path of the sun set in the sky to be proclaimed — O gods, that one none transgresses; O mortals, ye do not see it — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.17 Trita, cast down into the well, calls upon the gods for aid; Bṛhaspati heard this and made wide space from the narrow confine — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.18 The tawny wolf once saw me as I was going along the path; the one who must be kept hidden rises up, sick in the spine like a carpenter's wife — understand this for me, O heaven and earth.

1.105.19 With this hymn of praise, attended by Indra, may we overcome in the settlement, full of all heroes; may Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that boon.

1.106.1 We invoke Indra, Mitra, Varuṇa, Agni for our aid, the host of the Maruts, and Aditi. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.2 Come hither, O Ādityas, for our complete welfare; be gracious, O gods, in the conquests of Vṛtra. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.3 May the Fathers, easy to invoke with fair laudations, help us; and the two divine goddesses, daughters of the gods, who promote ṛta. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.4 We call hither with hymns of praise Narāśaṁsa the mighty, the lord of steeds who quickens prizes, Pūṣan, ruler of men. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.5 O Bṛhaspati, make our path ever easy; we seek that blessing and prosperity which Manu established for you. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.6 The sage Kutsa, hemmed in a ravine, called Indra, the Vṛtra-slayer, lord of might, for his aid. O Vasus, bounteous givers, like a chariot from a difficult pass, deliver us from every distress.

1.106.7 May divine Aditi with the gods protect us; may the divine Protector guard us without slackening. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.107.1 The sacrifice returns gracious favour from the gods; O Ādityas, be merciful to us. May your benevolent thought be turned hither toward us — that which is most spacious even amid distress.

1.107.2 May the gods come to us with aid, praised with the hymns of the Aṅgirasas. May Indra with his powers, the Maruts with their troop, and Aditi with the Ādityas bestow shelter on us.

1.107.3 May Indra, Varuṇa, Agni, Aryaman, and Savitṛ bestow that delight upon us. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.108.1 That most brilliant chariot of yours, O Indrāgnī, which surveys all the worlds — come riding together in that very chariot, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.2 As vast as all this world extends, wide-spreading and deep in its expanse — let this Soma be ready for you both to drink, O Indrāgnī, fitting for your minds.

1.108.3 For you have established the auspicious name Sadhrīya; you are both Sadhrīcīna and Vṛtra-slayers. Sit together, O Indrāgnī, and drink deep of the bull Soma, you mighty ones.

1.108.4 When the fires are kindled and the ladles are held ready, and the sacred grass is spread — come hither, O Indrāgnī, with the poured, potent Soma offerings, for our well-being.

1.108.5 The heroic deeds and the forms and the manly powers that you two, O Indrāgnī, have performed, and those ancient friendships that are auspicious between you — with those qualities, drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.6 I first declared my desire for you both: this Soma of ours calls you here, not the Asuras. Come hither to that true faith, and then drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.7 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, are revelling in your own house, or among the brahman, or in the royal hall, O adorable ones — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.8 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, are among the Yadus and Turvaśas, or among the Druhyus, Anus, and Pūrus — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.9 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, are on the lowest earth, the middle, or the highest — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.10 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, are on the highest earth, the middle, or the lowest — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.11 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, are in heaven, on earth, in the mountains, among the plants, or in the waters — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.12 Whether you two, O Indrāgnī, take delight of your own accord at the rising of the sun, in the midst of heaven — come hither from there, you mighty ones, and drink of the pressed Soma.

1.108.13 Even so, O Indrāgnī, having drunk of the pressed Soma, win all riches for us. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.109.1 I have looked about with the mind seeking better things — O Indrāgnī, I would know you, or else the kinsmen. No other guardian is mine but you; I have fashioned for you both this thought that wins the prize.

1.109.2 I have heard that you both are more lavishly giving than a maternal uncle or a brother-in-law. And so, as the Soma is offered to you both, O Indrāgnī, I create a fresh hymn of praise.

1.109.3 Imploring, let us not sever the cords nor withdraw the ancestral powers. What mighty ones rejoice in both Indra and Agni? — truly the two pressing stones in the lap of Dhiṣaṇā.

1.109.4 For your delight, O Indrāgnī, the divine Dhiṣaṇā, full of eagerness, presses the Soma. Come, you with auspicious hands and beautiful fingers like the Aśvins — hasten and mingle it with honey in the waters.

1.109.5 You two, O Indrāgnī, most mighty ones, are heard of in the division of riches and in the slaying of Vṛtra. Seat yourselves on the sacred grass at this sacrifice and, O ye champions of men, exhilarate yourselves with the pressed Soma.

1.109.6 You two excel all men in the contests of battle; you exceed both earth and heaven; you surpass the rivers and mountains in greatness. O Indrāgnī, you two surpass all other beings.

1.109.7 Bring your gifts, O you wielders of the thunderbolt; protect us, O Indrāgnī, with your powers. These rays of the sun by which our fathers had communion with you — may they be ours.

1.109.8 O breakers of forts with thunderbolt in hand, protect us, O Indrāgnī, in battles. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.110.1 My work is spread out, and it spreads anew; the sweetest thought is proclaimed for praise. This ocean here belongs to all the gods — O Ṛbhus, be satisfied with what has been hallowed with svāhā.

1.110.2 When you went forth seeking enjoyment, O you who came from afar, proceeding eastward, O Saudhanvanā Ṛbhus — having traversed all the regions of your journey, come to the home of the generous Savitṛ.

1.110.3 Savitṛ has impelled for you that immortality which, when you went forth, was proclaimed as indestructible. That single cup used by the Asura for drinking you made into four.

1.110.4 Having peacefully settled through their skill of swift crossing, these mortals, being mortal, attained to immortality. The Saudhanvanā Ṛbhus, bright-eyed as the sun, were united throughout the year with their devotional works.

1.110.5 Like a field they measured out the wobbling single cup with precision, O Ṛbhus. Praised and most worthy of praise, imploring, they sought renown among the immortals.

1.110.6 Let us pour thought to the men of the mid-air like ghee poured into the ladle, with knowledge. The Ṛbhus, who by their swift skill followed their father, mounted to the realm of heaven for the prize.

1.110.7 Indra is like an Ṛbhu, ever renewed in strength; the Ṛbhu gives wealth with prizes and good things. By your aid, O gods, on that beloved day of victory, may we prevail over the armies of those who press no Soma.

1.110.8 The Ṛbhus fashioned a cow from the hide; they reunited the calf with its mother. O Saudhanvanā Ṛbhus, by your wonderful skill, you, O men, made your two parents — decrepit and aged — young again.

1.110.9 Help us, O Indra, rich in prizes, to win wealth in the contest of prizes; show forth your wondrous bounty, O Ṛbhavan. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.111.1 The skilful ones fashioned a chariot with good wheels; they fashioned the two bay horses, bearers of Indra, rich in might. The Ṛbhus fashioned youthful vigour for the parents; they fashioned the cow who stays with her calf.

1.111.2 Fashion for our sacrifice a Ṛbhu-like vigour, for wisdom and skill, a food-supply with fine offspring, so that we may dwell with all our people in heroic strength. Bestow on us complete Indra-power.

1.111.3 Fashion a prize for us, O Ṛbhus; a prize for the chariot, a prize for the steed, O men. Magnify our prize that ever conquers, kin or unkin, victorious in battles.

1.111.4 I call Indra-Ṛbhukṣan for aid, and the Ṛbhus and Vājas, and the Maruts, for the drinking of Soma. May both Mitra-Varuṇa and now the Aśvins spur us on to win the prize, for thought and for victory.

1.111.5 May Ṛbhu sharpen the prize for the contest; may Vāja, the battle-winner, assist us. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.112.1 I invoke Heaven and Earth for prior wisdom, and Agni the warmth, the bright one, on our journey for worship. With those aids by which you quicken the pressing of the prize-portion, O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.2 The never-failing, easy-carrying ones mounted the chariot for your gift, as if to reach a spoken word. With those aids by which you protect devotions for the worship-rite, O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.3 You two rule over those celestial beings under heaven's governance, by virtue of the great immortal realm. With those aids by which you swell the milk-cow and the horse, O men, O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.4 With those aids by which the All-surrounding One glorifies the full greatness of his son who has two mothers, swift and rushing; with those by which Trimanta became discerning — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.5 With those aids by which you raised up Rebha, sunken and buried under the waters, to see the light of day; with those aids by which you helped Kaṇva who was striving forward — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.6 With those aids by which you sustained Antaka who was dying in a distant place, and Bhujyu without wavering; with those by which you quickened Karkandhu and Vayya — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.7 With those aids by which you helped Śucanti, the prize-seeker, who sits securely, and by which the burning warmth came with shelter for Atri; with those by which you aided Pṛśnigu and Purukutsa — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.8 With those powerful aids, O mighty ones, by which you enabled the blind and lame to go away and see; with those by which you freed the quail that had been swallowed — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.9 With those aids by which, never-failing, you quickened the honeyed Sindhu and Vasiṣṭha, you two undecaying ones; with those by which you aided Kutsa, the glorious and manly one — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.10 With those aids by which, with a thousand rewards, you quickened Viśpalā the prize-seeker, the Atharvan, in the battle; with those by which you aided Vaśa, the horse-owner Preṇi — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.11 With those aids by which, for the merchant Auśija Dīrghaśravas, the honey-vessel overflowed, O bounteous ones; with those by which you aided Kakṣīvant the praiser — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.12 With those aids by which you filled the Rasā, whose waters are sweet as milk; with those by which you helped the horseless chariot to victory; with those by which Triśoka drove forth the dawn-cows — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.13 With those aids by which you go around the sun in the far distance; with those by which you aided Mandhātṛ in the lordship of his field; with those by which you aided the inspired Bharadvāja — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.14 With those aids by which you helped the great Atithigva Kaśojuva, Divodāsa, in the slaying of Śambara; with those by which you aided Trasadasyu in the breaking of forts — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.15 With those aids by which you honour Vaṁra, sorely afflicted and already praised; and the blind Kali who has lost his wealth; with those by which you aided Vyaśva and Pṛthi — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.16 With those aids by which, O men, you helped Śaya and Atri, and formerly showed the way to Manu; with those by which you drove the chariot of Śārī with Syūmaraśmi — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.17 With those aids by which — through the greatness of Jaṭhara's belly — the fire blazed forth clearly, kindled on the march; with those by which you aided Śaryāta in a great prize contest — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.18 With those aids by which you freed Aṅgiras by mind, going to the forefront in the opening of the cow-pen; with those by which you aided the heroic Manu with food in battle — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.19 With those aids by which you brought brides to Vimada; and those by which you indeed gave instruction to the Aruṇīs; with those by which you carried pious Sudāsa to divine bliss — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.20 With those aids by which you become beneficent for the worshipper, and aided Bhujyu; and those by which you aided Adhrigu, the bearer of shelter and abundance, who praises ṛta — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.21 With those aids by which you honour Kṛśānu in the contest for the prize; with those by which you aided the young man's swift horse; and with those by which you bring sweet honey for the bees — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.22 With those aids by which you quicken the man who fights for cows, in the battle of heroes, for the winning of a field and a son; with those by which you aid chariots and horses — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.23 With those aids, O you of a hundred powers, by which you aided Kutsa the son of Arjuna, and Turvīti and Dabhīti; with those by which you aided Dhvasanti and Puruṣanti — O Aśvins, come with those aids.

1.112.24 Grant us, O Aśvins, a speech bearing good results; fashion our prayer, O wonderful ones, O mighty ones. I call upon you today for aid and to increase us; be with us for the winning of prizes.

1.112.25 Guard us by day and by night with auspicious, bountiful protections, O Aśvins. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.113.1 This best light among lights has come; the bright discernment was born far-shining. As prompted by Savitṛ for his sending forth, even so Night has yielded her station to Dawn.

1.113.2 She has come, the bright one with her bright offspring, having put to flight the Dark One from her dwelling-places. Immortal sisters, moving together in turn, Heaven and Dawn exchange their colours at the dawn.

1.113.3 The common path of the two sisters is endless; they walk it, each in turn, taught by the gods. They do not collide, nor do they stand still; harmonious though different in form, Night and Dawn move together in one mind.

1.113.4 The bright leader of glad tidings has appeared; the brilliant one has opened the doors for us. Setting the world in motion, she has revealed riches to us — Dawn has awakened all the worlds.

1.113.5 O bountiful one, you cause movement for those who lie crooked, and stir to seek and enjoy riches. You show your broad radiance for those who see little — Dawn has awakened all the worlds.

1.113.6 For sovereignty are you, for glory you are great; for worship and as the very goal of effort do you come. You reveal the varied spectacle of living beings — Dawn has awakened all the worlds.

1.113.7 She has appeared, the daughter of heaven, the young maiden, shining forth in bright garments. Mistress of all earthly wealth — O Uṣas, shine forth here today, O auspicious one.

1.113.8 She follows the path of those that have gone before, and is the first among the countless ones yet to come. She, the Dawn, shining forth, stirs the living to action; she wakens no one who is dead.

1.113.9 O Uṣas, when you kindled the fire, when you unveiled with the eye of the sun, when you stirred men who would perform worship — thereby you have wrought auspicious gain among the gods.

1.113.10 How many Dawns have already passed? And how many that are now shining? She longs after the earlier Dawns, calling eagerly; glowing she goes harmoniously with the others still to come.

1.113.11 Those mortals have gone who saw the Dawn shining in the earlier time. Now she has come to be seen by us; those will come also who will see her in future times.

1.113.12 You who drive away hatred, who guard ṛta, who are born of ṛta, who confer bliss and send forth kind words, who bring the most auspicious gifts, who carry the divine feast — O Uṣas, shine forth here today as the most excellent.

1.113.13 Ever before has the divine Uṣas shone forth; and today again, she the bountiful one has shone. And she will yet shine forth for more days to come — she, immortal, ageless, moves by her own powers.

1.113.14 Lighting up the approaches of heaven with her rays, the divine one has driven away the black shroud. Awakening all, Dawn goes forth with her reddish horses, in her well-harnessed chariot.

1.113.15 Bringing nourishing and desirable gifts, the knowing one makes a wondrous banner. The foremost of those that have passed, among the countless countless, among those that shine — Dawn has dawned first.

1.113.16 Rise up — the living breath has come to us; the darkness has departed; light is coming. She has opened the path for the sun to travel; we have arrived where life is prolonged.

1.113.17 The singer, the bearer of the hymn, raises his voice with the stringing of words, praising the shining Dawns. Shine forth today that, O bountiful one; shine your offspring-bearing light of life upon us.

1.113.18 Those Dawns rich in cattle and in all heroes that shine forth for the mortal worshipper — as a surge of glad tidings like the wind — may he who presses Soma obtain those givers of horses.

1.113.19 Aditi, mother of the gods, the banner of sacrifice, shine forth in your greatness. O you who confer renown, shine forth for the brahman among us; create offspring for our people, O you who hold all that is desirable.

1.113.20 That wondrous good fortune which Dawn brings for the man who knows and strives — may Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.114.1 We offer these hymns to powerful Rudra of the braided hair, the ruler of heroes, so that all may be well with our bipeds and quadrupeds, so that all in this village may prosper and be free from disease.

1.114.2 Be gracious to us, O Rudra, and bring us welfare; we would honour you with worship, O ruler of heroes. Whatever health and happiness Manu, our father, won through sacrifice — may we attain that under your guidance, O Rudra.

1.114.3 May we attain your grace, O Rudra the shower of blessings, ruler of heroes, through worship of the deity. Come graciously to our people; with our heroes unhurt may we pour oblation to you.

1.114.4 We call hither for aid the impetuous Rudra, accomplisher of the sacrifice, the agile seer. Let his divine wrath be far from us; we choose only his benevolence.

1.114.5 The red boar of heaven, of braided hair, of fearful form — we call upon with worship. May he, holding in his hand desirable healing herbs, bestow shelter, armour, and refuge upon us.

1.114.6 This word is spoken as praise and increase for Rudra, father of the Maruts, sweeter than the sweet. Grant to us, O immortal, what mortals may enjoy; be gracious to us, to our own selves, and to our children and their children.

1.114.7 Slay not our great one, nor our little one, not our growing youth, nor our grown man; slay not our father, nor our mother; harm not, O Rudra, any of those dear to us.

1.114.8 Harm not our children or our children's children, nor our life, not our cows, not our horses; slay not our heroes in anger, O Rudra; we who bear oblations call upon you ever.

1.114.9 I have brought you praises as a herdsman brings his cattle; grant us your favour, O father of the Maruts. For your benevolence is auspicious and most merciful — therefore we choose only your grace.

1.114.10 Far from us be your cow-slaying and man-slaying, O ruler of heroes; let your favour be with us. Be gracious to us and speak well of us, O God, and give us doubly-woven shelter.

1.114.11 We who desire aid have spoken reverence to him; may Rudra with his Maruts hear our call. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.115.1 The wondrous face of the gods has arisen — the eye of Mitra, Varuṇa, and Agni. He has filled heaven, earth, and the mid-air; the Sun is the soul of all that moves and stands.

1.115.2 The Sun approaches the shining divine Uṣas from behind, as a young man follows a woman. Where men, devout in their worship, spread out the ages, setting the auspicious against the auspicious.

1.115.3 Auspicious are the golden horses of the Sun, wondrous and diverse, worthy of praise. Reverently they have mounted to the back of heaven; they circle heaven and earth in a single day.

1.115.4 This is the divinity and this the greatness of the Sun — that in the midst of his course he drew in the stretched expanse. When he has unharnessed his golden horses from their station, at once Night draws her garment over all.

1.115.5 For Mitra and Varuṇa to behold, the Sun manifests his form in heaven's lap. One of his bright rays extends without end; the golden horses carry away the other, the dark one.

1.115.6 Today, O gods, at the rising of the Sun, deliver us from sin and free us from reproach. May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us that blessing.

1.116.1 I press out hymns to the two Nāsatyas as one strews the sacred grass, as wind drives the cloud. You two who carried the bride to young Vimada on your chariot swift as the army's vanguard.

1.116.2 Whether by swift-rushing, firm-flying courses, or by the impulse of the gods, ever-triumphant — the ass won that thousand for you, O Nāsatyas, in the contest at the race of Yama.

1.116.3 Tugra had dispatched Bhujyu into the cloud-ocean, as one sends away one who might die — without finding riches. You two carried him back in self-moving ships that filled the air, that did not founder in water.

1.116.4 For three nights and three days, O Nāsatyas, you carried Bhujyu in flying boats, over the far shore of the watery desert sea, with three hundred-footed, six-horsed chariots.

1.116.5 You displayed your heroism in that ocean without footing, without resting place, without holding — when, O Aśvins, you carried Bhujyu home in a ship with a hundred oars.

1.116.6 The white horse which you two gave to Pedu, the son of Agha — ever for his welfare — that gift of yours is great and praiseworthy. The steed of Pedu, the victor, is always to be invoked by the noble.

1.116.7 For Kakṣīvant the Pajriya who praises you, O men, you both gave forth wisdom. From the hoof of the victorious horse you poured a hundred jars of liquor.

1.116.8 You two shielded Agni from the cold heat of frost and bestowed on him food with nourishment. You rescued Atri from the pit, O Aśvins, and raised him up with all his people in safety.

1.116.9 You two pursued the far-off Nāsatyas; you made the watering-trough with its high bottom and slanting edge. Like flowing waters, you poured forth a thousand gifts of cattle for Gotama who thirsted.

1.116.10 O Nāsatyas, you stripped from the ageing Cyavana his worn-out garment as one removes a robe, and extended his life that had been abandoned. You marvellous ones made him the husband of maidens.

1.116.11 That, O Nāsatyas, was a praiseworthy and successful act of protection that you performed — when you, with full knowledge, like one unearthing a hidden treasure, raised Vandana up to a sight of beauty.

1.116.12 That wonderful deed of yours, O men, for the winning of prizes, I make manifest like thunder that brings rain. When Dadhyañc Atharvaṇa told you about the Soma nectar through the head of a horse.

1.116.13 The bountiful, wise Vadhrīmatī called to you, O Nāsatyas, on a great journey, O much-favouring ones. You heard — as at the bidding of a teacher — and gave her a golden-handed son, O Aśvins.

1.116.14 You two, O men, O Nāsatyas, freed the quail from the very jaws of the wolf in the encounter. And you made the seer who was weeping, O much-favouring ones, able to see again.

1.116.15 For the wing of a bird, like a leaf, was cut off in the battle at the time of Khelā's deadly contest. Instantly you fitted Viśpalā with an iron leg, so she could run when the prize was set.

1.116.16 His father blinded Ṛjrāśva who had given a hundred rams to a she-wolf. To him, O Nāsatyas, O wondrous healers, you gave eyes to see clearly, you who are unharmed.

1.116.17 The daughter of the Sun mounted your chariot conquering, like a cloth spread over it. All the gods agreed with their hearts; and you, O Nāsatyas, are joined together with beauty.

1.116.18 When you two came bringing aid to Divodāsa and Bharadvāja, O swift-going Aśvins — your friendly chariot bore much wealth, with a bull and a dolphin yoked to it.

1.116.19 Bearing wealth, good lordship, long life, and heroic might, O Nāsatyas — you came to the Jāhnavī river with prizes, as she who receives her share three times daily, with harmonious mind.

1.116.20 You carried Jāhuṣa, hemmed in on all sides, through the night by easy passages across the dust-clouds. With the Vibhindhu chariot, O ever-youthful Nāsatyas, you cleft the mountains as you went.

1.116.21 In a single day, O Aśvins, you came to help Vaśa win a thousand in the prize contest. You two mighty ones, allied with Indra, drove away misfortune from the far-famed Pṛthuśravas.

1.116.22 From the stalk of the reed Ārcat you two drew water upward from below to drink. For Śaya who was wasting away, O Nāsatyas, you made the barren cow give milk with your powers.

1.116.23 For Kṛṣṇiya who seeks protection, who praises, who prays sincerely, O Nāsatyas, with your powers — like a lost animal found again — you gave Viṣṇāpū to Viśvaka for his sight.

1.116.24 For ten nights and nine days, bound and battered, submerged within the waters, you raised up Rebha, scattered and buried in the water, as one draws out Soma through a strainer.

1.116.25 I have declared your wondrous deeds, O Aśvins; may I be the master of good cattle and good heroes. Seeing and enjoying long life, may I reach old age like a home to be reached.

1.117.1 The ancient Hotṛ seeks to win you two, O Aśvins, for the joy of the sweet Soma. The gift is rich in sacred grass and the hymn is released — come, O Nāsatyas, with prizes and food.

1.117.2 That chariot of yours, O Aśvins, swifter than mind, with good horses, that comes to the clans — with which you go to the house of the pious worshipper — come to us on that path, O men.

1.117.3 You two, O men, freed the seer Atri who belongs to five peoples from the pit of distress. Destroying the wiles of the wicked Dasyu, you mighty ones urged him on in proper order.

1.117.4 Like a horse hidden in a bad place, O Aśvins, O mighty men, the seer Rebha was buried in the waters; you released him, scattered as he was, with your wonders. Your ancient deeds do not grow old.

1.117.5 Like one deeply sleeping in the lap of destruction, like the sun dwelling in darkness, O wondrous ones — like a gleaming ornament buried and hidden for adornment — you raised up Vandana, O Aśvins.

1.117.6 That, O Nāsatyas, O all-surrounding ones, is your praiseworthy deed — with Kakṣīvant the Pajriya — when from the hoof of the victorious horse you poured for the people a hundred jars of honey.

1.117.7 You two, O men, gave Viṣṇāpu to Viśvaka who was praising you for Kṛṣṇiya. Even for Ghoṣā sitting in her father's house, to her who was growing old, O Aśvins, you gave a husband.

1.117.8 You gave the bright one to dark Śyāva, O Aśvins, and the great earthy one to Kaṇva. That deed of yours, O mighty ones, is worthy to be proclaimed — how you bestowed fame upon Nārṣada.

1.117.9 Assuming many forms, O Aśvins, you brought the swift horse to Pedu — the prize-winner of a thousand, unvanquished, the serpent-slayer, glorious, the conqueror.

1.117.10 These deeds of yours, O bounteous ones, are the praise-worthy abode of hymns for both worlds. When the Pajriya people call upon you two, O Aśvins — come with food and prizes to the knower.

1.117.11 Praised with the prayer of a son, O Aśvins, you who sustain the inspired seer and grant him the prize — swelling with the prayer of Agastya, O Nāsatyas, you restored Viśpalā.

1.117.12 Going where to receive the excellent praise of the poet, O sons of heaven, O mighty ones, O youthful ones? Like a golden pot buried underground you raised him up — on the tenth day, O Aśvins.

1.117.13 You two, O Aśvins, made the ageing Cyavana young again with your powers. The daughter of the Sun chose your chariot, O Nāsatyas, together with its beauty.

1.117.14 You two, with your ancient ways, became like new-spirited youths for Tugra again. You carried Bhujyu out of the ocean with your swift-flying, straight-dashing horses.

1.117.15 The son of Tugra called to you two, O Aśvins, as he was cast into the ocean, unshaken though he had gone in. You carried him out in your well-yoked chariot, swift as thought, O mighty ones, in safety.

1.117.16 The quail called out to you two, O Aśvins, when you freed her from the very mouth of the wolf. You went victoriously over the mountain ridge and struck down the newborn Viṣvāc with poison.

1.117.17 Ṛjrāśva, who had given a hundred rams to the she-wolf, was led into darkness by his wicked father. You two, O Aśvins, placed eyes in Ṛjrāśva; you made light for the blind so he could see clearly.

1.117.18 She-wolf called out to you, O mighty Aśvins, O men, carrying welfare for the blind: 'A lover like a youth, giving freely, Ṛjrāśva gave a hundred and one rams.'

1.117.19 Great and bringing joy is your aid, O Aśvins; O wise ones, you heal even the paralysed. And so the wise one called upon you both; come to her, O mighty ones, with your aids.

1.117.20 You caused the barren, dry, infertile cow to give milk for Śaya, O wondrous Aśvins. With your powers you carried the woman of Purumitra as wife to Vimada.

1.117.21 Sowing barley with the plough, milking food for mankind, O wondrous Aśvins — blowing the Dasyu away with a pipe, you made broad light for the Ārya.

1.117.22 You set on Dadhīca Atharvaṇa an equine head, O Aśvins. Walking in truth, he told you the sweet nectar — that Tvāṣṭra mystery which is your secret, O wondrous ones.

1.117.23 I always, as a sage, have sought your kindness; O Aśvins, favour all my prayers. Bestow on us, O Nāsatyas, great wealth accompanied by offspring and worthy of being heard of.

1.117.24 You two, O men, O bounteous Aśvins, delighting, gave a golden-handed son to Vadhrīmatī. You set Śyāva who was split in three parts upright and alive again.

1.117.25 These heroic deeds of yours, O Aśvins, the people have proclaimed, the ancient deeds. O mighty ones, forming the prayer for you both, may we, with good heroes, speak our wisdom at the assembly.

1.118.1 Let your chariot come to us, O Aśvins, that flies like a hawk, that is gracious, that carries good things — that chariot which is swifter than a mortal's thought, three-seated, O mighty ones, that races like the wind.

1.118.2 Come to us in the three-seated, triple, three-wheeled chariot, rolling well. Swell our cows, quicken our horses, O Aśvins, and increase the hero among us.

1.118.3 Moving forward with your well-rolling chariot, O wondrous ones, hear this praise from the pressing stone. What offering, O Aśvins, do the inspired sages of old name as most fitting to win you back?

1.118.4 May your hawks carry you, O Aśvins — swift flying ones harnessed to your chariot — those that are airborne like heavenly vultures, that carry food to you, O Nāsatyas.

1.118.5 A young woman mounts your chariot here, having been welcomed, O men — the daughter of the Sun. Your beautiful, bird-like, reddish horses carry you in the encounter.

1.118.6 You raised up Vandana with your wonders; you raised up Rebha, O wondrous ones, O mighty ones, with your powers. You bore the son of Tugra across the ocean; you made Cyavana young again.

1.118.7 You placed warm nourishment and shelter for Atri who had fallen in distress, O Aśvins. And you, delighting in fair praise, restored sight to Kaṇva who had been robbed of it.

1.118.8 You filled with milk the cow for Śaya the ancient needy one, O Aśvins. You freed the quail from distress, and fitted Viśpalā's leg.

1.118.9 You two, O Aśvins, gave the white horse to Pedu — urged by Indra, serpent-slayer — the ever-invoked, the lord's, the mightily conquering, the prize-winner of thousands, the mighty-limbed bull.

1.118.10 You, O well-born men, O Aśvins, we call for our own protection, imploring you. Come to us near in your wealth-bearing chariot, delighting in hymns, for our well-being.

1.118.11 Come to us with the new speed of a hawk, in unison, O Nāsatyas. For the one who pours oblation calls upon you, O Aśvins, ever and ever at the shining forth of Dawn.

1.119.1 I call your chariot hither, O Aśvins, for our life — full of wonders, swift as thought, with spirited horses, worthy of worship; thousand-bannered, laden with wood, with a hundred treasures, prompt to hear, space-giving, to this libation.

1.119.2 Upright is the prayer at the going of this one; it was laid down in the chanting; the directions came together. The aids come sweetening the warm drink — the Ūrjānī woman has mounted your chariot, O Aśvins.

1.119.3 When the contestants, striving against each other, came together in the contest, the exuberant, uncounted, swift ones shone for glory in battle. Your chariot is perceived going downhill, O Aśvins, as you carry the patron to the prize.

1.119.4 You two carried Bhujyu who was tossing in the waters, in self-impelled ships, bringing him back to his fathers. You two, O mighty ones, won the conquest — your greatness and your aid to Divodāsa is well known.

1.119.5 The two women have guided your chariot, harnessed in youth for beauty, with its swift troop, O Aśvins. The maiden came seeking your friendship and companionship — she chose you two as her lords.

1.119.6 You two protect Rebha from distress, and the heat of frost searing Atri. You two filled the shelter of Śaya with a cow's milk — Vandana prolongs his life through a long span.

1.119.7 You two, O wondrous ones, restore Vandana from ruin through your craftsmanship, as workmen restore a chariot. You bring the inspired one back from the field with your skill — let the wonders of you both, who are to be pleased, shine forth here.

1.119.8 You came to the weeping one in the distant land, hemmed in and abandoned by his own father. Your aids that carry sunlight and that come from here have become wondrous reliefs in the moment of encounter.

1.119.9 And that sweet honey-dropping bee pours in the joy of Soma — the son of Uśij calls upon you. You two came to seek the mind of Dadhīca; and then the horse-head spoke your secret to you.

1.119.10 You two honour Pedu with the manifold gift, O Aśvins — the white horse, the vanquisher of rivals. With his arrows he strikes the luminous one, unshakeable in battles — Indra-like, overpowering all men.

1.120.1 Who shall fulfil the priestly office for you two, O Aśvins? Who shall delight you both? How shall the unwitting one arrange this?

1.120.2 Only the knower should ask of the knowing two; the non-knower goes astray, ignorant. Now indeed has any mortal accomplished it?

1.120.3 Those two who know — we call upon you; those two who know — speak the prayer to us today. The one who longs for you called out, praising.

1.120.4 I ask like a simple one before the gods, O wondrous Aśvins, of the marvellous one for whom the vaṣaṭ-call is made. Protect us from what overcomes, and from what strikes us down.

1.120.5 That song shines forth like the roaring of a fire — with that voice the Pajriya worships you both. The knowing one has sent it forth as one dispatches a messenger.

1.120.6 I have heard the Gāyatra song of Takvan; I too have been extolling you two, O Aśvins. The lords of beauty gave eyes to one.

1.120.7 For you two have rejoiced greatly in the home, or in whatever you have spread out together. Be our two good protectors full of treasure; guard us from the wicked, malicious wolf.

1.120.8 Give us not over to any hostile one; let not the milk-cows be taken anywhere from our houses — the young calves that suck the udder.

1.120.9 May the cow give milk for the gratification of Mitra, and you two, O eager ones, measure out to us prize-winning wealth and food rich in cattle.

1.120.10 The horseless chariot of the two Aśvins, full of prizes — with that I have greatly desired many things.

1.120.11 This very man, spreading out, does not decay among the peoples — the chariot of Soma-drinking is a pleasant one.

1.120.12 Thus both sleep and the wealthy man who enjoys without giving are seen to perish — both of them pass away at dawn.

1.121.1 How does he who is swift become the worthy vessel of god-seeking men, hearing the hymns of the Aṅgirasas? When he advances into the clans from the dwelling-place, the adorable one strides broadly at the sacrifice.

1.121.2 He indeed propped up heaven as its support; the skilful Ṛbhu sprinkled wealth in cattle for the heroes at the prize-contest. The great bull looked upon its own kind, the beloved companion, the mother of the horse — the cow.

1.121.3 The ruddy one, the primeval king, shall come swiftly to the call, following the days of the Āṅgirasa clans. He fashioned the thunderbolt with its team of steeds and propped up heaven — for the four-footed and the two-footed, for the hero's sake.

1.121.4 In his exhilaration he gave heavenly light to Ṛta — the host of the dawn-cows whose faces were veiled. When at the release he turned back Trikakubh, he drove away from you the guiles of mortal deceit.

1.121.5 The milk that the two parents brought to you, O swift and active one — the boon of good seed — that was your endowment; the pure wealth they offered you: the milk of the dawn-cow that yields together with the Sun.

1.121.6 Then the swift one was born and rejoiced; he blazed forth like the Sun at this Dawn. Indu struck with those offerings that bring sweat, pouring with the ladle toward the ancient dwelling.

1.121.7 When the forest-axe, kindled by its own fuel, sees the Sun at the sacrifice surrounded by the enclosures of the cow; when you shine through the days along the ritual paths — for the swift one who knows no weariness, who seeks cattle.

1.121.8 He smote the great heaven, bringing hither the two tawny steeds — glorious, conquering, fighting toward the spring. When they pressed out for your growth the tawny exhilarating one — swift as the wind, the one to be pressed on stones, the udder of cattle.

1.121.9 You turned back the iron stone of heaven brought close — O skilful one — belonging to the cow; where, O much-invoked Indra, conquering for Kutsa, you encircle Śuṣṇa with boundless deadly blows.

1.121.10 Before the Sun emerged from the darkness — O stone-wielder — you seized his cleft weapon. Even the might of Śuṣṇa that was set around him, firmly knotted from heaven — that you took away.

1.121.11 The two great expanses, Heaven and Earth, rejoiced following your deed, O Indra — let them exult. You slew with the great thunderbolt Vṛtra lying across the streams, the boar.

1.121.12 O Indra, heroic one — the men you favored, stand with the best-harnessed team of the wind. The exhilarating, Vṛtra-slaying thunderbolt for crossing over which the wise Uśanā Kāvya gave you — he fashioned it.

1.121.13 For this his might the seers, the Ṛbhus of good insight, fashioned their hymns and songs — those who illumine the glories of the prize-winning, the sacrificial — and Sarasvatī, the light of the Sun.

1.121.14 And indeed gazing at that one's act — the fathers at the sacrifice looked below like those of the lower one. I praise Ṛbhu and Cakra for their insight; may all beings cross over for his sake.

1.121.15 The guardian of the quarters, the roaring one who gives strength — an exhilarating shout for Indra at the pressed Soma. The divine waters press around the trough; grant me such a boon of Soma in the assembly.

1.122.1 I ask the joyful host of the Maruts, in their goodness, together with Vivasvat — Heaven and Earth: who are they who, following Ṛta in common, do not take account of mutual treachery?

1.122.2 Hither then, O Kavis, hither — O ye who touch Ṛta, great ones who touch Ṛta — hither Varuṇa, greatly; hither Mitra, the finder of heaven, the finder of heaven — you have borne them continuously.

1.122.3 Bring a bull's worth of riches from the south, O lord of the clans. Either from here may they rightly speak to you as you return, or from here may they rightly speak to you as you turn back.

1.122.4 Those who are the constant ones dwelling in the mighty powers of the arm — may Indra now perceive them at the pressed Soma; may he take heed of them.

1.122.5 May the stone-armed one thrust aside our adversarial boulder with his great weapon, thunderbolt in hand. Active Vāyu too — and Pūṣan — and the milch-cows of you two, O Aśvins, which have given milk to you.

1.122.6 Grant us vigor for our two-footed and four-footed creatures, following the ordinance of the bountiful one attending us. Both by day and night, O liberal one, strive — with the wealth of Soma's riches, with the full abundance.

1.122.7 May Pūṣan by his natural law come to our share before the clans make assault. Worship Ṛta, and also grant a wide share; O much-invoked one, bestow upon us all that is well yoked.

1.122.8 Come here, O Indra — you are great; great are those who carry praises; come. When Indra looks around, encompassing all common supports, he shines in heaven like the Sun.

1.122.9 Sing forth the hymn of praise to him who is the maternal uncle — with seven dark-bay mares; seven green chariots have come to you, like swans in the skilled songs.

1.122.10 Whatever boon belongs to you, O Indra, at the pressed Soma — of that exhilarating one — verily that is your boon. He who embellishes us, drawing us within his divine aid — that greatness of yours we shall praise.

1.122.11 May Mitra and Varuṇa come to us who have pressed Soma; let someone whose horse is swift come to our wish while it is moist. May a milch-cow come, may cattle come, may our transport come — may those two great ones increase us.

1.122.12 Sing to us the great one, O Mitra; O Varuṇa, the worthy of sacrifice in your greatness; may the god Bṛhaspati, he who reaches the highest, Puraṁdhi, come always bringing us brilliance.

1.122.13 Following a luminous, swift thought, the gods come along the path of approach. Thrice seven — three times seven — do they go to him with homage; homage to him who is revered with homage.

1.122.14 Possessors of Ṛta, yoked with Ṛta, well-milked, surpassing charioteers — you two occupy the foundation. Upholding the invincible one at the pressed Soma, O Mitras in the expanse of sky — favor us and bless us.

1.122.15 When Varuṇa proceeds to the breadth of the wealth of Mitra and of heaven, O king — be as a father to us with your aid; we call upon the inspired one for glory and sustenance.

1.123.1 Dawn indeed now shines; the goddess is truthful and bestows good guidance. For those whose chariot she carries — with dark bays at the front — Dawn is the countersign of the gods with their benevolence.

1.123.2 She goes before, Dawn goes forth; daylight has become apparent, greeting the Dawn. The good glory, strength, and bounty of Āyāsya extend forward day by day, as it were — extending day by day.

1.123.3 Ancient wisdom proclaims the new: what is ever desirable, O Uṣas, shall come to be. Like cows going in herds to the pen, she illumines all with her light — shining upon all as she comes near.

1.123.4 The sacrificial leavings go up to the thunderbolt-wielder with ghee; the righteous ones follow the path of Ṛta. The swift ones, the portions of the seven-wheeled, two-footed one, travel around the world like the seeds of the ocean.

1.123.5 O Uṣas, this truthful one calls forth the living world for you; sing praises; carry onward the undecaying one. By these means may the chariot dwelling in heaven — truthful and imperishable — follow the path of our right deeds, O goddess.

1.123.6 O Uṣas, awaken the father who is bountiful; come, come as the best of dawns. The truthful she-camel goes like night; the brilliant one is born, freed from darkness.

1.123.7 Granting long life at her approach, made visible — auspicious, fortunate, well-disposed — Uṣas has come. She unfurls his banner without obstruction, like a well-dressed wife who does not fear her husband.

1.123.8 You have shone, O truthful one — you who seize the cows; may the clear hymn become the treasure of her. For he who, when she scatters her gifts, does not rejoice in your wish — the wise one who desires proper measure shall find you wealthy in true goods.

1.123.9 How long until that Dawn shall be seen from near at hand — even this clear, shining, distant one? Night has embraced herself with the night, making light, driving the righteous onward.

1.123.10 O Uṣas, shining brilliantly — the wealth-bearing, the newly-born, the new day that carries one onward. When you both kings shall shine together upon each other, grant us good heroes and cattle separately.

1.123.11 O Uṣas, those who, with your gifts, truthful and leading, make crossings — may the straight one drive along the plains and ridges; may those who are wise be triumphant in the acquisition of wisdom according to Ṛta.

1.123.12 Those who, O Uṣas, grasp your benevolence — like a horse capable now of winning the prize — may their wise one lead and may the longing for that thought be joined with you, O divine Dawn.

1.123.13 The most brilliant one, Agni the lord of the clan, has now purified you the brilliant one in grace toward good intent. Agni has shouted toward the gods for the great winning of the prize.

1.124.1 The ruddy sisters come unseen from afar, dispersing long darkness in the distance. The one who yokes the seven in heaven, devoted to their source — bestowing upon the great one, he has become readied.

1.124.2 They who spread light, who give strength — they are coming; the eastern one dawns, pressing forward with radiance. Dawn upon dawn they become the same; at Dawn men reach for riches — those are her men.

1.124.3 Against her the fearful ruddy one has indeed rushed, striking the buffalo like a drum with her feet. Let us proclaim Dawn fully glorious — a goddess of great might, not to be surpassed.

1.124.4 These Dawn-goddesses have come to the foundation of Ṛta, following the path that belongs to the gods' seat. The ruddy ones have shone, shedding their bodies — these are called forth like cows to their resting-place.

1.124.5 The ruddy ones drive the cows here for him — within the womb all beings are born together. Polishing and bestowing wealth, Dawn comes like the great waters to the nourishment of the land.

1.124.6 O Dawn, you who go — rest away from those who slumber, and those who, fortunate, seek your bounty. This benevolent Dawn has dawned wide; she is most generous with bounty to human Manu, with her generous gift to us.

1.124.7 Dawn has revealed this choice of his, radiant in its restraint, full of brilliance. The Dawns move swiftly across and beyond — the great Sindhu flooding, crossing like the oceans.

1.124.8 O Uṣas, bring wealth quickly for the Soma-drinking — you who are the divine one who carries the divine in front. The mother goddess set in seven rays of renown; the divine one reached the wealth in pursuit of the son's prosperity.

1.124.9 When they rejoice now at the highest abode, man follows the path of Ṛta. O Uṣas, bring to us all wealth — good heroism, the increase of riches.

1.124.10 O Uṣas, come along the path — the share, the exhilaration of the Aṅgirasas, cattle-rich, with good hymns for us. The earlier ones followed at your dawnings; O wealth-bearing one, bring riches and return with riches.

1.124.11 The auspicious tawny-green horses of varying kinds, by which the wife of the Sun is well-nourished — O Uṣas, driving along the broad ordinance, bring us wealth; let no praise of ours be fruitless.

1.124.12 O divine goddess, most divine of the wealthy and goods — with your arts, well-disposed toward us — awaken at this dawn today; awaken on this day for the pressing, for the praisers.

1.124.13 O Uṣas, grant to us wealth of wide spread in many forms — with offspring, with horses. May the divine seer, being purified along the extension of his life by the law, praise what is set as the measure, greatly lauded.

1.125.1 Proclaim for me, the very pious one, a good praise — is he truly the great, noble one, O Indra? He who goes to war with the highest one — to him grant a cow, yield the cattle-wealth with protection.

1.125.2 He who has helped him along — surely he, O Śakra, is insight in the village during the prize-fights of your fortress. May the one who would set aside golden ornament and wisdom for any man — let us, praising, go to riches, well-crossed.

1.125.3 Moreover, the sight of Kakṣīvat — he has enjoyed the plump wealth, the sin is upon him. For he who stands best in aid goes toward those who call for help, as you have declared good thought to Kaṇva.

1.125.4 Both the brahmin and the rājanya hear this — the prize-winning stallion shall be at hand. He who has heard shall hear; the most sacrifice-worthy one — may the god, the Vṛtra-slayer, be praised constantly.

1.125.5 He who goes away from the circle for twelve months — he is the one graciously devoted to you, O people of mine. To him grant a cow from among ten cows — a herd with a hundred leaders — and the prosperity of riches, a good path.

1.125.6 He who gave gold to Gaviṣṭhira, five hundreds — with the cattle of Gaviṣṭhira — you have spoken the wondrous greatness of Kṛṣṇa; shall that one now be for us with cattle and horses?

1.125.7 May the patron sit around this one with the host of the gods; let the rich one share him a name of beautiful riches. May he in whom today there is the share of this grass — the great prize-winner — place wealth here.

1.126.1 Those of good deeds indeed come from the heavens, going around, entering the kingdoms. The all-living god Aditi is worthy of sacrifice — we have yoked ourselves to their host for praise.

1.126.2 This is that hymn for the one going beyond — all the gods follow with dark bays in front. The pure Indu goes forth to the discerning one; having drunk, then understand what is destined for the good-invoked one — having drunk.

1.126.3 O Indra, much-invoked one — praised now by the ancient seers with sacrifices; now, too, O Indra, help us greatly; be in front as a direction of your wealth; be for us as heroes.

1.126.4 May the patron come to us with all invocations — with horses, with gold, with cattle. Let not the demons harm us in well-being; speak for us from the height of heaven.

1.126.5 A poet among poets, he is poetic in his nature — he who is in the great glory of Ṛta. Bring those fires to us for our greatness; I sing the seven necklace-wearers.

1.126.6 With a rosy-hair garland, ruddy steeds growing high — Maruts with prize-winning streaks on their bodies. I, coming from among the Aṅgirasas, have come to the generous giver for twenty-five years.

1.126.7 May they who are generous see the fire-priest nearby for a hundred winters. May our wealthy ones cross over; come together, O prize-winning ones, to the hundred greatnesses.

1.127.1 Pure, purifying, very bright, pure in the womb, pure on the earth, clothed in purity — with pure names, the worshipful one worthy of sacrifice — we praise divine Agni with hymns of praise.

1.127.2 He who, delighting in the gods, blazes following the seven, well-born like a shining child with flame — when the pure one went out and separated from the hard ones, may he share the gods with Vāyu at the good kindling.

1.127.3 One has fashioned it by his own self, like a single beast; the powerful one stands established in the womb. In the prize-contest, like one free of harm and bearing good prizes — invoke Agni as the calling priest, Agni.

1.127.4 O Agni, the gods praise you, possessing Indra among the churning sticks, as Agni, for our calling-sacrifice. May our sacrifices at the ritual — with Agni as their ocean, Soma-drinking ones — have a share, and also the simple ones.

1.127.5 At whose will he is born together — I praise him — the Agni of highest essence whom Indra rules. O Agni, you are the indefatigable person; you indeed are the divine good dwelling-place.

1.127.6 You are the first giver of wealth in the foremost place — horse-giving, bestowing shares; come then to us. You delight well in good hymns for traversal, like chanting ones — you who shine bright like wealthy widows.

1.127.7 This is your seasonal womb — may they anoint it all around with homage and blessings. Those who are worthy of sacrifice, who indeed seek to gain Indra and Agni with homage and good praises.

1.127.8 He whose great flame of the brilliant one grows downward broadly and greatly extends beyond — let it be forth for us. O beautiful one of all treasures, hold back for yourself what is well-disposed; he is of good mind, of good insight, worthy of nourishment.

1.127.9 Agni as the calling priest has sat down; Ṛta is sacrificed; all the gods rejoice following. Agni, the lord of the clan who delights heroic men — as the calling priest, place the prosperity of wealth for the sacrificer.

1.127.10 This fire — the kindling has roused it; our mind shines knowingly among mortals. O seer, when the great bull is worthy by its power — either by day in the sacrifice or in the acquiring of wisdom.

1.127.11 O Indra, these many powers of yours — or your greatness, O Śakra, let them now speak forth. Those men who, like Manu, assemble at your side — be the guide of our fame, of our call.

1.128.1 He has blazed like a man against the day, has spread brilliant, bright gold. He who blazes in ghee with these, of good wisdom — when the she-camels come forward, harnessed and dwelling in him.

1.128.2 He who, bearing oblations, newest of the restrainers — the brilliant Agni has spread between the two worlds. That blazing one for the son of him of brilliant color — that seer, that ancient one, shines in awe.

1.128.3 The much-desired calling priest advances, truly invoked in turn against each desire — invoking the folk. When the measured flames blaze forth with their rays — may the chariot-team come with its spear as with brilliance.

1.128.4 Sitting down, O resolute will-power — you who distribute good intent, stand beside the quiver of arrows; O Śakra, grant the share of the pressed one, the portion of the pressed Soma. Sing to him the cowherd songs; spur these on; grant a share of heaven well-entered.

1.128.5 Those men who celebrate Agni as the calling priest who has sat down by Ṛta, who is established by Ṛta in the womb — those who share in the Gāyatrī and Triṣṭubh meters partake of the Bṛhatī and its glory.

1.128.6 Those who, gaining the sacrifice by sacrifice — for me, O Indu, the sight of the pressed one comes in like rain. For Agni indeed carries the sacrifice-worthy one along in the sacrifice — the great one with the great ones, the carrier of hymns.

1.128.7 May Agni bear steady wealth and all life for long life and the sacrifice. May Agni look upon the gods with desire; may waters and Dawn become proclaimed for us.

1.128.8 All of them, beloved, approach Agni with flames; the young man's good intent belongs to all the folk. May you speak of the great seat of heaven, the tawny-golden one — the broad wealth laid out, that share.

1.129.1 O hero of good deeds, let vigor and good dwelling come to us through most pleasant thoughts. Your hiding places rich in cattle and renown, O Indra — encompass us in the contests, O Jātavedas.

1.129.2 You, O Aṅgiras, the first warrior — swiftly rousing the aides of the gods; come to the drinking of the pressed Soma; be of us, be for us of the pressed ones.

1.129.3 When, O Aṅgiras, all the Maruts and all the gods attend the Indu of all treasures, combined in the highest — this patron consecrated with 'Vaṣaṭ' at the ritual — may your praises never fail.

1.129.4 O divine Agni, O bright goddess — let the possessor of Ṛta sit within, within the wide and broadly praised — that he of truth may grant a share to this one and that of the wealth of the blameless one, the beneficent one who possesses Ṛta.

1.129.5 Going headlong with Svāhā-cries they come and wither away — any whose hostilities toward us burn fierce as Bhṛgu's. May Agni and Soma put those below us in the firmament and on the earth — protect us from the Rākṣasa.

1.129.6 O Indra, lead toward us the most excellent prosperity of wealth with a thousand gifts; extend it. Be our shelter; be our vigor — O Indu, make the boon most plentiful and be for us.

1.129.7 The generous one who gives thousands and leads hundreds — all beloved ones approaching him. You who are non-terrible — think of us too; hear the praiser in the prize-contest. Those heroes who are fully readied with generosity — go among them.

1.129.8 O Indra, all peoples — let none of us dwell quietly with calm neighbors. The Vṛtra-slayer — for us, as such — this word goes forth, O Indra; whatever becomes impelling, following in its wake.

1.129.9 Drive forth with our hymn of praise toward what is great, what is heard — having drunk the Soma, invigorating, you who have been such. With brilliant wealth come near to us, O widely heard one; be for us who have pressed the Soma.

1.129.10 The chariot of your yoke-companion for the prize comes, O Indra, bringing thousands at the good praise. The mighty one, leader of peoples — come to the praisers from the sky, come from all stations.

1.129.11 This is your praiser now, O Indra — he who is invoked in this day, O generous one, present everywhere. When, O Indra, you distribute your gifts at the pressed Soma — do that for him.

1.130.1 Come — for we have heard; come to our calling, O you of a hundred deeds. He has announced the gift again; now come to the gods for the share. Come to the prosperity of wealth.

1.130.2 He who is together with his favorable ones, the allied force like a ram increasing — even Agni with arrows may I come. He who knows no equal, most worthy of sacrifice, bearer of oblations — I press forward the pressing of the gods' pressed Soma.

1.130.3 The good hymn — he who is the charioteer of charioteers, in its separate golden arrow of the Paṇis — bring that to Indra the Soma-drinker, fragrant for us; do make it so.

1.130.4 Whatever and however many — all of us, like every Ātreya approaching a tree, have stood before him; he who is the hero, hard to restrain, the powerful one — leaving those behind, he abandoned them beyond the sky.

1.130.5 Praise that greatness of his too — that, urged on, he drinks the Soma without dwelling still. The charioteer drives Indu with good praise — certain sacrificers were in the new chariots.

1.130.6 They say: in the enclosure the far-shining one saw — when Vṛtra covered all things before the undoing of darkness, standing around, covering with his mouth the waters — 'Let the streams be seen, let them arise!'

1.130.7 Praise his greatness for him too — the praises by which the kindling of golden fires is assembled. When the well-dressed women with their lover — like well-dressed women.

1.130.8 This indeed has been said: to whichever man the two seers teach with understanding — when you two make the extension of Agni thousandfold, manifold, to be grasped.

1.130.9 Praise also for him this one, O Indra — this firm one who discerns with his seasons the earth: he who is the great ruler of peoples, whose vigor the wise one, the inspired one, wishes to nourish.

1.130.10 For this fierce, mighty one let the prize-winner be well fashioned at the prize-contest, O Indra, through words of truth. For you are the most pious one of the people — may riches come to us like joyful intentions and the capacity of action.

1.131.1 You bear, O generous Indra, well-hymned thousandfold wealth, most blessed with Soma-drinking — you who are gathered together with the sacrificial ones, O Indra, and are marshaled with your patrons.

1.131.2 Bring to us, O Agni, great good thought for us; lead forth the praisers as you have been told. You are also the generous one among them, the much-praised.

1.131.3 O Indra, may all acts of good intention abide in our dwelling; be our protector. O Indra, O you of great heroic power — let a hundred riches, many in number, come, streaming forth from the cows.

1.131.4 To attain the great one, the rejoicing one, O warrior, come near, come to the assembly. Be our protector; with your allies, a warrior in the assembly with the heroes.

1.131.5 May your offspring increase you, may the pressed exhilarating juices increase you. Be our herdsman, O Śakra, of wide fame, shooting arrows, speeding — the patron's thought.

1.131.6 The mighty prayer, the great one, is set in place; with all your speech the months have come toward you. The Soma-drinker — for Indra's aid; yesterday, the two horses were the wheel for Indra.

1.131.7 O generous one, establish good intentions among us — breaking open fortresses, you are well praised for your singer. O Indra, share all wealth with the generous one, well praised with song.

1.132.1 He saw from the station of his father and aroused all the wives and Vāyu. Indra alone, in the race with sevenfold substance — he does not strike the one who is not a warrior fit for your battle.

1.132.2 For him, for Indra — and for us, let this come forth abundantly, whatever approaches all pervading. Now indeed, when the arrows of wealth fly — he bestows something from all the pressed ones.

1.132.3 This sacrifice, this pressed Soma — bring it to Indra with homage. Let this one, with hymns, pierce through and make our well-known shout reach the peoples.

1.132.4 This is what those many have spoken, against his power: for Indra who drinks Soma most fully — the king of the world has seized all things.

1.132.5 O Indra, for him and for us may we — the generous heroes — share in the gift of these; of the pressed ones, the laws of Ṛta, heroic in our resolve.

1.132.6 Indra the good protector, with good guidance, with beautiful hands — in cattle a good giver by design. May he, all-living, divine — share with us all nourishments, the patron's kingdom.

1.133.1 The good protector of wide bounty — Indra I beseech; a hundred sacrifices — and for him a hundred more; may Indra be victorious. Those who are not zealous for him — born to fail, may they be defeated in the contest.

1.133.2 Now the bright one turns it homeward for the treacherous, wretched one — may Indra yoke for the battle. Away from the white bull's deceits; from Kṛṣṇa's — may all of that know heaven.

1.133.3 Indeed your golden gift for a hundred men places the yoke today in this day too. Before you, O Indra, let the bright gifts of the deceivers now go downward — like waters flowing downward to the nourishment.

1.133.4 Rise up, O patron, for our wealth; do not neglect the good disposition of the mind. Come rushing toward those clans who know; we draw away the waters.

1.133.5 Drive away those knowing clans with whose divine powers I am not — those whose thought for Indra, as for the most sacrifice-worthy one, does not prosper — drive them away.

1.133.6 Extend for us homage, O Indra, for light. With all good praise or riches — O Indu, make the nourishment grow.

1.133.7 O Niṣkaṇva, seize all beings two-footed and four-footed. Whatever good there is for you — for gracious intent — O Vāyu, Viśvabheda, bring that best thing to us; homage.

1.134.1 O Vāyu, yoke the two tawny-maned ones to the chariot — the tawny, tawny ones he has covered; you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma. You have urged on the oblation poured below among all, among the gods; be beloved; O Vāyu, come here.

1.134.2 O Vāyu, O bold one, may your thousands of chariots with their teams of tawny horses swoop to us — tawny after tawny; you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma. May they carry hither the Soma-presser, the fire — and spur Vāyu forward for the conquering one; homage.

1.134.3 O Vāyu, your warriors of a hundred fronts, with teams of tawny horses, in front — you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma. These pressed ones, sweet with honey, pressed on stones — like eagles they fly down — of the pressed ones.

1.134.4 O Vāyu, you who are brilliant for the hymn — come to the drinking of the pressed Soma, come to the drinking of the pressed Soma. May the son's oblation go forth for your aid; establish all good things for the sacrificer.

1.134.5 O Vāyu, you deserve the drinking of these pressed Soma-drops and also of the former one, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma. Moreover at all the rituals may you set your pleasure; set the path of the pressed ones that is dear to you, your vital food.

1.134.6 O Vāyu, you who are peerless — you deserve the first drinking of these Soma draughts, you deserve the drinking of the pressed Soma. Moreover, of the clans with wide-scattering impulse, who have been set apart — all your milch-cows yield the mixture with ghee, they yield the admixture with ghee.

1.135.1 The sacred grass is strewn — come to us for the feast, O Vāyu, with a thousand steeds in your team, with a hundred in your team. For to you the gods have extended the first drinking, O god among gods. Forth have your pressed, sweet Soma-draughts stood ready — they have stood ready for exhilaration and for action.

1.135.2 For you this Soma flows around, strained through the stones — desirable, clothed in beauty, it flows around the vessel, clothed in brilliance it flows. This Soma is your share, invoked among the gods among living beings. Drive here, O Vāyu, with your team — come desiring us, come desiring us with joy.

1.135.3 Come to our ritual with your teams of hundreds, of thousands — O Vāyu, come for the feast; come for the oblations. This your share is seasonal, following the Sun's rays. Borne by the Adhvaryus, they have been arranged, O Vāyu — the bright ones have been arranged.

1.135.4 May the chariot with its team bring you two here for aid, toward the well-laid out enjoyments — O Vāyu, for the feast, for the oblations. Drink of the sweet juice — to you belongs the first drinking. O Vāyu, come with gleaming bounty, and Indra too — come with bounty.

1.135.5 May our prayers have turned the two of you toward the ritual; they have polished this swift Indu like a prize-winning, swift steed. Drink of those, desiring us — come here today. O Indravāyu, you two, of the pressed ones pressed with stones, for exhilaration — you two the prize-givers.

1.135.6 These Soma draughts pressed for you two in the waters here — borne by the Adhvaryus they have been arranged, O Vāyu; the bright ones have been arranged. These have been let flow toward you two through the filter, swiftly. Like eager young men passing through the wool of the sheep — the Soma draughts passing through the wool.

1.135.7 O Vāyu, pass by those who ever sleep; where the pressing stone speaks — go there, to that house; Indra too shall go there. Truth-speech has been seen; ghee flows; come to the ritual with your full team, O Vāyu, and Indra come to the ritual.

1.135.8 Here indeed carry this sweet oblation — the one that the wives attend under the aśvattha-tree; may those wives be ours. Together the cows give birth, the barley is cooked; O Vāyu, your milch-cows do not fall short, the milch-cows do not fail.

1.135.9 These who are yours, O Vāyu, of strong-armed power — bulls fly in the rivers between them, the bulls swell greatly. Even on the desert plain those who are tireless, those swift ones dwelling on the mountain: like the rays of the Sun, hard to restrain in the hands — hard to restrain in the hands.

1.136.1 Bring forward the greatest offering, the rich oblation, the thought, to those twain who bestow grace most sweetly, most graciously. Those two sovereigns, consecrated with ghee, are praised at every sacrifice. Therefore their dominion cannot be assailed from anywhere, nor can their divinity ever be challenged.

1.136.2 The broad, most spacious path of ṛta has been seen; it was gathered together by the rays of the sun, by the rays of Bhaga's eye. Luminous is the seat of Mitra, of Aryaman, and of Varuṇa. Thus they assume a great and laudable glory, a great glory sung in praise.

1.136.3 They two, ever wakeful, ever watchful day by day, attend upon Aditi who bears light and sustains all living beings and the sunlit realm. Those Ādityas, lords of bounty, share the lustrous dominion. Mitra among them and Varuṇa order all men to righteousness, as does Aryaman who sets men aright.

1.136.4 May this Soma, most health-bestowing, be the share of Mitra and Varuṇa at the draughts, the divine one sharing among the gods. May all the gods together delight in him today with one accord. So shall ye two kings who uphold ṛta grant what we implore of you, upholders of truth what we implore.

1.136.5 The mortal who has devoted worship to Mitra and Varuṇa without stumbling — him do ye protect, the bountiful man, from anguish, from sin. Aryaman guards him who walks upright in their ordinance. He who adorns their commandment with hymns, who decks their ordinance with songs of praise — him Aryaman protects.

1.136.6 I would offer homage to great Heaven and to the two worlds; I would speak to Mitra and to bountiful Varuṇa, the most graciously merciful, most bountiful. Praise too the sky-dwelling Indra, Agni, Aryaman, and Bhaga. May we live long, accompanied by offspring, and be united under Soma's protection.

1.136.7 Under the protection of the gods, we with Indra as our ally and with the self-glorious Maruts, may we be favored. May Agni, Mitra, and Varuṇa grant us shelter — may we, the bountiful patrons, attain that boon, and we ourselves attain it.

1.137.1 Come hither readily, O Mitra and Varuṇa — these exhilarating Soma-draughts, pressed by the stones, mixed with milk, are ready, exhilarating. O ye two kings who touch the sky, come to us here. These Somas for you, O Mitra and Varuṇa, are blended with milk, bright, blended with milk.

1.137.2 Come here to these drops, these Soma-juices blended with curds, pressed out and blended with curds. And at the dawning of the day, together with the rays of the sun, may the pressed Soma be offered to Mitra and Varuṇa to drink, the dear draught offered for drinking to ṛta.

1.137.3 Like a milch-cow at dawn they milk the Soma-stalk with the pressing-stones, they milk the Soma with the stones. Come hither to us, both of you, turn toward us for the drinking of Soma. This Soma, O Mitra and Varuṇa, has been pressed by men for you to drink, pressed for your drinking.

1.138.1 Ever and again the greatness of Pūṣan, mightily born, is proclaimed; the praise of this vigorous one ceases not, his hymn of praise does not cease. I worship him, seeking his favor, him whose protection comes at the last and who brings well-being — Pūṣan the god who knits together the mind of all creation, who as the divine Makha knits all together.

1.138.2 I urge you forward, O Pūṣan, swift as a swift horse on the journey, with hymns as with a camel that overflows with milk — for you overcome resistance. I invoke you, the divine bringer of well-being, as a mortal calls for friendship. Make our praises full of splendor; make us glorious in contests.

1.138.3 Those inspired sages who, even in their wisdom, have enjoyed your friendship and your protection, O Pūṣan, have indeed enjoyed it by their intelligence. Following that same path, we seek of you a fresher wealth, a band of treasure. O widely praised one, be not displeased — be our guide, be our guide at every contest.

1.138.4 O goat-horsed one, be present for us here, without displeasure, bringing gifts, for the winning of this booty — let the goat-drawn car speed on! We would turn you back toward us, O wonderful one, with these effective praises. Never, O Pūṣan, O radiant one, do I disregard you; never do I deny your friendship.

1.139.1 Let it be heard — śrauṣaṭ! First set Agni in place with devotion; now let us choose that divine host, let us choose Indra and Vāyu. When in the active one, at the navel of Vivasvat, the newer bond was made — then may our prayers come forth and go toward the gods, our prayers go toward them.

1.139.2 When you two, O Mitra and Varuṇa, by your own will took hold of untruth beyond ṛta, by your own impulse of wisdom — in your very abodes we have seen the golden one. We have seen it with our thoughts, with our minds, with our own eyes, with the eyes of Soma's own.

1.139.3 The god-seeking descendants of Āyu have made their call resound to you Aśvins with their hymns, like a resonant sound; they called you two with their oblations. Upon you two who know all wealth, all glories and refreshments rest. The fellies of your golden chariot, O Dasras, sprinkle abundantly — of your golden chariot.

1.139.4 It has become manifest, O Dasras — you two have opened up the vault of heaven; the chariot-yokers harness your car in the heavenly courses, without blemish in the heavenly courses. Your standing place is on the chariot-seat, O Dasras, on the golden chariot. Driving as if along a path, you guide the aerial space, swiftly guiding space.

1.139.5 O Aśvins, rich in might, with your mighty deeds show favor to us by day and by night. May your bounty never fail us, never at any time may your gift to us fail.

1.139.6 O mighty Indra, these are the inebriating Soma drops pressed by the stones, gushing forth, pressed out for you, gushing up. May they exhilarate you to give the great, the splendid bounty. O praised one, borne by hymns, come, lauded by songs; come to us as one most gracious.

1.139.7 O Agni, when invoked, do listen to us; you speak to the worshipful gods, the worthy kings to be worshipped. When once the gods bestowed that cow upon the Aṅgirases, Aryaman and the she-cutter milked her in company — that one I know in my own company.

1.139.8 Let not those manly powers, those ancient glories of yours, fall away from us; let them not vanish from before us. Whatever of yours is wondrous, age after age renewed, resounding, immortal — that, O Maruts, fix upon us; and what is hard to win, fix that hard-won thing upon us.

1.139.9 Dadhyac, Aṅgiras the elder, Priyamedha, Kaṇva, Atri, and Manu — these knew my birth; those foremost ones, Manu knew. Their access is to the gods; our kinship lies with them. By their footstep may I bow down to the great one with my hymns — to Indra and Agni may I bow with my hymn.

1.139.10 The Hotā priest shall worship, the trees of the forest shall receive the desired gift; Bṛhaspati sacrifices, and Veṇa with the bulls, with many-desired bulls. We have grasped the far-resounding call of the stone by its own power. The wise one of good purpose has upheld the yielding places — many abodes, the skilled one.

1.139.11 Ye gods who are eleven in heaven, who are eleven upon the earth, who dwell in the waters — ye eleven in your greatness — be pleased with this sacrifice of ours.

1.140.1 Bring the nourishment as if to its resting-place, to Agni who loves the sacred seat, who loves his dear abode, who blazes bright. Clothe him in your thought as with a garment — the pure one, the chariot of light, the bright-hued, the dispeller of darkness.

1.140.2 Agni of double birth, with three-fold food, is urged on; he has grown throughout the year, eating and again consuming. With one mouth's tongue he is a hero worthy of song; with another he licks clean the trees, the defender.

1.140.3 His two abiding companions, the black and the tawny, tremble; both mothers bend over the child. Eastward-tongued, sending smoke aloft, poured from the ladle, bearing the companion of Kupa, the sustainer of his father.

1.140.4 Eager to be freed, for Manu, for the offspring of Manu, the swift-rushing ones with black wake, the fleet ones — unequal, nimble, swift of leap, driven by the wind, the swift ones are yoked together.

1.140.5 Then his attendants, scattering sparks, roam about; making a great form, a black, formidable one, crackling. When he eagerly licks across the broad earth, hissing, thundering, he goes roaring.

1.140.6 Like one who adorns himself, they bow above the tawny ones; like a bull approaching his mates, he comes bellowing. Growing in strength he makes his body resplendent; terrible as one wielding horns, he flourishes hard to grasp.

1.140.7 He who is spread out and spread abroad gathers himself; knowing, he lies ever among those who know. Again they grow and attain the divine; they take on another form together from both parents.

1.140.8 The long-haired, virgin ones have sung together to him; they stand erect, though seemingly dead, ready to go forth again. Loosening their age, he goes roaring, generating a supreme life, the un-felled living flame.

1.140.9 Licking round the garment of his mother, he goes forth with his great-eating heroes, spreading everywhere. Bestowing sustenance, he licks for the four-footed ever; the hawk-like one follows the paths of day.

1.140.10 Shine forth, O Agni, among our patrons; then like a roaring bull, the household lord. You have shone upon the mothers with their young who are to be unveiled — like armor in battle, thundering around them.

1.140.11 O Agni, may this that is well-uttered be more dear to you than what is ill-uttered, even than what is cherished in the heart; may it be more pleasing to you. By that bright, pure glory that blazes from your body, do win for us a treasure.

1.140.12 O Agni, grant us a boat for the chariot, for our house a vessel with a perpetual rudder, bearing feet. And may it carry across our heroes, our bountiful ones, and our people — carrying them safely across.

1.140.13 O Agni, may heaven, earth, and the waters, well-pleased, guard our utterance. Going forward seeking cattle and grain, with long call may the reddish ones claim the boon.

1.141.1 Truly so — for beauty it was fashioned, the visible splendor of the god born of power. When the inspired thought draws near and accomplishes its purpose, the streams of ṛta flow on and are led forth.

1.141.2 His nourishing form, full of food, lies ever in his place; a second is among the seven kindly mothers. A third of this bull is for milking — the ten-directing one — the women bring it forth.

1.141.3 When the wise, sovereign ones with power step forth from the base of the mighty bull's form — when following from the primeval time, from the sweetness of the pressing, Mātariśvan churns what is hidden within.

1.141.4 When he is led forth from the highest of his fathers, round about plants and creeping things grow thick and lush. When both mothers set in motion his birth — then the youngest one blazed up, pure with radiant glow.

1.141.5 Then he entered his mothers in whom he shines pure; unhurt, he grew abundantly. Climbing his former timeless ones who were ever-swift, he glides downward into newer and lower ones.

1.141.6 Then they choose him as the Hotā at the heavenly journeys; they go to meet him as if anointing Bhaga. When, wide-praised in wisdom and greatness, he goes altogether seeking mortal praise to sustain himself.

1.141.7 When the worshipful one driven by wind stands forth — crooked as a snake, advancing with age but not weakened — on the path of that eager one of dark strides and pure birth, the realm of space was shot through.

1.141.8 Like a chariot driven by the skilled, built with skill, he moves through heaven with his red-glowing limbs. Then his dark, keen ones, the wise patrons — like the swiftness of a hero — they take wing with impetuosity.

1.141.9 Through you, O Agni, Varuṇa of firm ordinance, and Mitra, and Aryaman of good gifts have been established. Following their purpose, all-pervading everywhere, you were born as one who encompasses all, as the felloe encompasses the spokes.

1.141.10 You, O Agni, youngest, send the divine bounty to the striving one who presses Soma. You, ever new, scion of strength — let us now focus upon you as upon Bhaga in our work, O bearer of great treasure.

1.141.11 You have not blended upon us the household wealth like the Sun's bounty, the portion and power supporting us. He who guides both births like reins — of the gods' praise and of ṛta — he is the wise one of good purpose.

1.141.12 And may the brightly shining, swift-horsed, joyful Hotā, with his gleaming chariot, hear us. May Agni, the blameless one with the finest charioteers, lead us — lead us toward the good, toward well-being, toward wealth.

1.141.13 Agni has been praised with energetic hymns, laying the groundwork for universal sovereignty. Both those bounteous ones and we ourselves — like the sun through mist, we have burst forth in brightness.

1.142.1 O Agni, enkindled, bring the gods hither today for the one who reaches out with the ladle. Extend the primeval thread for the generous one who has pressed the Soma.

1.142.2 O Tanūnapāt, thou dost approach the ghee-filled, honey-sweet sacrifice of this inspired, well-disposed, and generous worshipper.

1.142.3 Pure and purifying, wonderful, Narāśaṁsa sprinkles the sacrifice with sweetness. The god, worthy of worship among gods, comes down three times from heaven.

1.142.4 O Agni, invoked, bring here the dear and wondrous Indra. For this thought of mine calls to you, O fair-tongued one.

1.142.5 Spreading the litter, reaching out with the ladle at the sacrifice, at the well-ordered rite, I choose the most god-reaching, wide-spreading shelter for Indra.

1.142.6 Let the great divine doors, upholders of ṛta, swing open for the passing of the gods, the purifying, much-desired, never-failing divine doors.

1.142.7 The two rejoicing, close at hand, fair-formed Night and Dawn — the two great mothers of ṛta — may they take their seat on the sacred grass, bringing good things.

1.142.8 The two divine seers, the Hotā-priests with honey-tongued voices, ever welcoming — may the two poets sacrifice this our offering today, bringing it surely to the sky-touching goal.

1.142.9 Pure Hotrā, laid before the gods among the Maruts, is Bhāratī. Iḷā, Sarasvatī, and Mahī — the three goddesses worthy of worship — let them sit on the sacrificial grass.

1.142.10 May Tvaṣṭar, who loves us, the center of riches, release that wonderful nourishment, full of many gifts, bountiful by his very nature, for prosperity and wealth.

1.142.11 O Vanaspati, send forth and worship the gods of your own accord. Agni, the wise god among gods, will convey the oblations rightly.

1.142.12 To Pūṣan's company, to the Marut-host, to the All-Gods, to Vāyu — svāhā! Make the oblation to Indra who is moved by the Gāyatrī.

1.142.13 Come here to the things consecrated with svāhā; come to the oblations for your pleasure. Come here, O Indra, hear the call — they call you at the sacrifice.

1.143.1 I bring a stronger and newer thought, an utterance of speech, to Agni, son of strength. He, the child of the waters, who dwells dear with the Vasus, the Hotā, has taken his seat on the earth in due season.

1.143.2 Being born in the highest heaven, Agni became manifest to Mātariśvan. By the wisdom of this enkindled one, by his greatness, he made heaven and earth shine brilliantly with his radiance.

1.143.3 His fierce, ageless rays, the rays of this fair-faced, brightly blazing one are beautiful to behold. Like rivers flowing past the night, blazing and ageless, O Agni, they flash.

1.143.4 Him whom the Bhṛgus set in motion, all-knowing, at the navel of the earth, at the center of existence — urge that Agni with your hymns in your own home, he who alone rules over riches as Varuṇa rules.

1.143.5 None can prevent him, like the roar of the Maruts; like a hurled army, like the bolt of heaven — Agni devours and consumes with his sharp teeth; like a warrior driving back his foes, he overpowers the forests.

1.143.6 Will Agni be a hero worthy of our praise? Will the good one bring wealth and desires with his riches? Will the impeller speed our prayers to the winning? With this thought I praise him of bright face.

1.143.7 The one with ghee-bright face, seated in the pole of ṛta — enkindled, men approach Agni as they approach Mitra. The enkindled, active one blazing at assemblies — may he raise up our bright-hued thought.

1.143.8 O Agni, never faltering, with your unfaltering, gracious, effective guardians protect us. With your unerring, undeceived, unswerving, unwinking guards, protect our offspring all around.

1.144.1 The Hotā goes forward, carrying out the ordinance of these two enchanters, holding aloft the pure-formed thought. He strides toward the ladles, turning to the right — those that have from the beginning licked his station.

1.144.2 The milch-vessels of ṛta have sung along for him, in the divine abode, in the womb, enclosed around. When, nourished in the lap of the waters, he dwelt there — then the self-ordering one drank from those by which he moves.

1.144.3 The two of equal age, wishing to separate, share indeed that one form with a common purpose, yet excel each other mutually. Then, like Bhaga who is to be invoked, as a charioteer gathers the reins, he gathered himself together from us.

1.144.4 Him whom two equals together worship, dwelling in the same womb, a pair sharing one abode — neither by day nor by night does his grey old age befall him; moving through many human ages, he is ageless.

1.144.5 Ten sisters urge him forward; mortals call upon this god for help. From a slope of the bow he rushes with those who come clustering, assigned to new tracks.

1.144.6 You, O Agni, reign over the heavenly realm; you are like the guardian of cattle for the earthly realm by your own nature. These two great tawny ones, radiant with glory, golden and graceful, lie down upon the sacred grass for you.

1.144.7 O Agni, receive and love that speech, O joyful, self-nourishing, born of ṛta, wise one. You who face outward in all directions, visible, pleasant to behold, like a nourishing abode when seen.

1.145.1 Ask of him — he has gone, he knows; the discerning one moves, now he moves indeed. In him are the teachings, in him are the offerings; he is the lord of vigor, of strength, of power.

1.145.2 They ask of him; but he does not divide to ask — when the wise one grasps it as with his own mind. He does not misapprehend the first word, nor the latter; by his wisdom one attends on him, undespised.

1.145.3 To him go the ladles, to him go the oblation-bearers; may he alone hear all my words. With many impulses, swift, accomplishing sacrifice, the young one of unbroken help takes hold and grasps eagerly.

1.145.4 Coming near, he moves about, all ready; newborn, he goes at once with his companions to the goal. He touches the gladdened one with joy, for delight, when the eager ones approach him as he rests upon them.

1.145.5 That wild beast, of the waters, the forest-rover, has been set down close beside the topmost skin. Agni, knowing, truly finding ṛta, declared the paths to mortals — for he is indeed true.

1.146.1 I praise Agni of three heads and seven rays, undiminished, in the lap of his two parents. Seated, of one who moves yet is fixed, he has filled all the luminous realms of heaven.

1.146.2 The great bull has spread himself over these two, the ageless one stands mighty, with aid from the hither side. He sets the foot of the broad one on the summit; his red-glowing ones lick his udder.

1.146.3 Moving about together toward their common calf, the two well-built cows wander in different directions. Measuring out the paths without deviation, receiving all purposes upon the great one.

1.146.4 The wise seers lead to the station, guarding the indestructible one with varying hearts. Desiring to win, they looked around upon the stream; the sun became manifest to these men.

1.146.5 Visible in all quarters, worthy of hymning, praiseworthy, worthy of praise for great and small alike to live. When the sun arose for those of this day, the bountiful one became visible to all the embryos of the world.

1.147.1 How, O Agni, did the purifying ones of Āyu bestow their gifts on you, gaining swiftly with their prizes? When the gods, holding both offspring and progeny, made merry at the song of ṛta.

1.147.2 Hear this my word, O youngest, O self-nourishing, bountiful bearer of the most generous offering. One reviles you, another praises you in turn; I, a worshipper, worship your body, O Agni.

1.147.3 Those watchmen, O Agni, children of Māmateya, seeing the blind, protected him from wrongdoing. The all-knowing one who does good deeds has protected them; the foes who sought to harm them have not deceived them at all.

1.147.4 The enemy of ours, O Agni, the malevolent one, the niggard who would harm us with his deceit — may the weighty spell recoil upon him; may his body be smeared with ill words.

1.147.5 Or if some powerful mortal, knowing evil, harms another mortal with deceit — from that protect the one who praises you, who lauds you, O Agni; let nothing lead us toward wrongdoing.

1.148.1 When the pervading Mātariśvan churned forth the Hotā, rich in all forms, belonging to all gods — him whom they placed among the human tribes, shining with a wondrous, brilliant form like the sun.

1.148.2 Those who give — the thought does not harm them — Agni has chosen to be my shelter. May they delight in all his deeds, in the praise of the bard who bears the offering.

1.148.3 Him whom the worthy worshippers have grasped even in his own abode and established with praises — leading him forward, seizing him at the offering, like racing chariot-horses neighing in delight.

1.148.4 The wondrous one breaks down many things with his jaws; then he gleams, the all-brilliant one, in the forest. Then the wind blows behind his flame; like an archer shooting arrows, he sends it through the days.

1.148.5 The foes, the harming ones, do not injure him while he abides in the womb; the blind, unseeing ones cannot harm him by their glance. His own eternal guardians protect him as he goes forth.

1.149.1 The master goes seeking great wealth; he who gives, the powerful lord of the powerful — of riches, at the station — the stones serve only him who presses on.

1.149.2 He who is the bull, not of men, not of the two worlds — he who exists in fame, pouring forth a life-giving stream — who flows forward and clings to his birthplace.

1.149.3 He who has shone upon the unassailed stronghold — the swift, wise one, the cloud-born, not to be warded off — blazing like the sun, of hundredfold nature.

1.149.4 Agni of double birth, blazing, has stood over the three luminous realms, over all the spaces. He is the most effective Hotā, in the abode of the waters.

1.149.5 He it is, the Hotā, he of double birth, who bears all desirable things, worthy of praise. Happy is the mortal who generously gives to him.

1.150.1 O Agni, I the bountiful one would call you a stranger, a near kinsman. Like shelter in the greatness of one who goads.

1.150.2 Of the unniggardly, wealthy one — even among those going vigorously forward — even of those not honoring the gods — when at any time they depart.

1.150.3 He, the bright one, the inspired mortal of the great ones, most exuberant in heaven — may we, O Agni, be among the winners of your favor.

1.151.1 Him whom the diligent, who strive for cattle, have generated like Mitra among cows, of good understanding, in the assembly, in the waters — Heaven and Earth have trembled with his luster, with his song, in recognition of the dear, adorable one, the protection of creatures.

1.151.2 When indeed the self-sustaining worshippers, like Mitras, have placed in honor that gift of yours, O Mitra-Varuṇa, for the Soma-pressing, much-besought one — then, O bull-like ones rich in dwellings, find the purpose, find the path; sing also what is famed.

1.151.3 May the settlements adorn you, O bull-like ones — the birth of both Worlds is to be proclaimed for your great might. When you two carry it for Ṛta, when for the swift steed, when you lead the sacrifice forward with the priestly call, with the labor-song.

1.151.4 That settlement, O Asura, which is the dear and great one — you two, the Ṛta-rich ones, proclaim Ṛta aloud and mightily. You two harness the encompassing power of high Heaven and the waters like a cow to the yoke.

1.151.5 By your greatness you two open the great enclosure here; at the impelling place swiftly [come] dust-free milch-kine to the seat. They sound their note before the sun as it sets at dusk, like swift morning-birds at dawn.

1.151.6 For Ṛta, O Mitra-Varuṇa, the long-haired ones have sung toward you, where you two set the path in motion with song. Release the streams of your own accord, swell the insights — you two rule over the thought-songs of the inspired poet.

1.151.7 The inspired poet-Hotṛ who worships you both, laboring with sacrifices, offering devotedly, accomplishing his song-thought — come to him nearby, traverse the sacrifice toward him; come with your songs, come with your benevolence, eager for us.

1.151.8 You two, the Ṛta-rich ones, were first anointed by the sacrifices with cows, like the yoking of the mind's drives. The songs with their thought-weaving, restrained, carry to you — with unhaughty mind you two partake of abundance.

1.151.9 You two bestow rich vigor, you two partake richly, O manly ones, guarding the great one with your powers through help. Neither the days, nor the rivers, nor the Paṇis have attained to your divine state, to your bounty.

1.152.1 You two clothe yourselves in rich garments; your counsels and your torrents are indeed without flaw. You have overcome all falsehoods — Mitra and Varuṇa, you follow Ṛta.

1.152.2 Even this their wise one does not discern — the true, poet-praised hymn strikes with rage. The fierce four-cornered one smites the triangular; the blasphemers of the gods have indeed perished from the very first.

1.152.3 The footless one goes foremost of the footed — who among you, O Mitra-Varuṇa, perceives that? The embryo bears a burden even of this one; Ṛta rescues, untruth causes to fall.

1.152.4 We see the lover of virgins going forth, not coming near. Spread open, the beloved abode of Mitra and Varuṇa is clothed in never-shrinking garment.

1.152.5 Born without a horse, without a bridle, the strong one neighing flies upward on the summit. The young men have rejoiced in the unconscious sacred word, praising aloud in Mitra's domain, in Varuṇa's.

1.152.6 The milch-kine coming forward, those of Māmateya helping, have swollen in this same udder, dear to the sacred word. Let the knowing one beg sustenance, having learned the laws; winning over Aditi as if pressing Soma, let him preserve her.

1.152.7 I would turn toward you, O Mitra-Varuṇa, with homage and with protection, O gods, the acceptable oblation. May our sacred formula be victorious in battles; may our rain from heaven be easily fordable.

1.153.1 We worship you two together in accord, with great oblations, O Mitra-Varuṇa, with reverences, with butter-offerings, O drippers of ghee — when the adhvaryus carry to us, to you, with their mental labors.

1.153.2 The praise is your seat, not mere deployment — I have sent to you, O Mitra-Varuṇa, the fine hymn of praise. When the Hotṛ anoints you at the assemblies, the inspired patron wishes to sacrifice to your benevolence, O bull-like ones.

1.153.3 Aditi the cow has given milk for Ṛta, for the people, O Mitra-Varuṇa, O givers of oblation. When the one who honors you impels you at the assembly — that man whose offering is given is like a human Hotṛ.

1.153.4 And among the clans the inebriating Soma-plants, the cows, and the divine waters have swelled for you. And the ancient lord, granting this to us — drink deeply of the milk of the ruddy cow.

1.154.1 Now I shall proclaim the heroic deeds of Viṣṇu, who measured out the earthly realms, who propped up the higher station, striding in three steps — he of wide-going, praised on every side.

1.154.2 Viṣṇu proclaims this through his heroic might — a terrible wild beast who roams the mountains. In his three wide strides all beings dwell.

1.154.3 Let the praise-song go forth to Viṣṇu, the mountain-dweller, widely praised, the bull — who alone measured out this long, stretched-forth station with just three steps.

1.154.4 His three steps are full of honey, inexhaustible, rejoicing through their own inherent power; who alone supports the triple-natured earth and heaven and all beings.

1.154.5 I would reach that dear station of his, where the god-devoted men exult — for that is truly the companion of the wide-strider: the fount of honey in Viṣṇu's highest step.

1.154.6 We desire to go to those homesteads of yours where the many-horned, untiring cows are. Indeed there that highest step of the widely-praised bull shines down abundantly.

1.155.1 Your drink of the Soma-plant is set forth for him who thinks — sing also for the great heroic Viṣṇu, you two who stand undeceived on the mountain ridges in your greatness, like a swift horse on the right path.

1.155.2 Truly glorious is the encounter of the two vigorous ones — Indra and Viṣṇu; the Soma-drinker guards you both. You two who protect for the mortal what is being aimed at — you ward off the swift arrow of the archer.

1.155.3 They two increase greatly his manly power; the Mother leads him down to the enjoyment of the seed. The son places the lower and the higher, the father's third name upon the shining realm of heaven.

1.155.4 That and that manly deed of his we sing — of the sitting protector, wolf-free, the bountiful one, who strode widely on the earthly realms with just three strides, for the widely-praised one, for life.

1.155.5 His two steps visible to mortals — the mortal supports himself looking at them. Not even the flying birds can dare to reach his third step.

1.155.6 Together with four and ninety names he shook out the interweavings like a wheel set in motion. Of great body, measuring with his praise-songs, the ever-youthful one comes forward to meet the call.

1.156.1 Be you like Mitra, dear and blessed, with the pour of ghee, O abundantly-bright one, you who spread forward in the right course. Then, O Viṣṇu, even for the knower the praise-song is worthy, and the sacrifice is to be accomplished by the oblation-bearer.

1.156.2 He who offers to the ancient, ever-renewing, wise Viṣṇu with good knee-bending — he who proclaims the great birth of the great one, he shall indeed be united with glories, even with the noble.

1.156.3 Let the praisers fill him up in accordance with ancient knowledge, the womb of Ṛta by birth. Knowing even his name, speak it out — of your greatness, O Viṣṇu, we partake of your benevolence.

1.156.4 King Varuṇa follows that purpose of his, and the Aśvins follow the wisdom of the Marut-wise one. Dakṣa, the highest, knows the days; Viṣṇu, as companion, opens the cow-pen.

1.156.5 He who, most well-doing among the well-doing, has yoked Viṣṇu for companionship with divine Indra — the wise one of three stations has sped the Ārya-man's noble work; in the share of Ṛta he has caused the sacrificer to partake.

1.157.1 Agni has awoken; the sun rises from the earth; the bright dawn has greatly helped with her flame. The Aśvins have yoked their chariot to travel; the divine Savitṛ has impelled each living thing apart.

1.157.2 When you two, O Aśvins, yoke your bull-like chariot, sprinkle our sovereignty with ghee, with honey. Invigorate our sacred word in battles — may we partake of riches in the winning of the heroic.

1.157.3 Let the three-wheeled, honey-carrying chariot of the Aśvins come hither well praised, with swift horses. The bountiful one with three seats, with all good fortune — may it bring blessing to us, to the biped and the quadruped.

1.157.4 Bring us nourishment here, O Aśvins, you two; sprinkle us with your honeyed whip. Carry our lifespan safely across, wipe away harm, repel hatred — be you helpers who accompany us.

1.157.5 You two place the embryo in creatures, you two are within all the worlds. You two, O Aśvins, O bull-like ones, have set in motion Agni and the waters and the forest-lords.

1.157.6 You two are indeed physicians with medicines; and moreover you are chariot-lords with charioteers. Moreover, O fierce ones, you bestow sovereignty upon him who offers you oblation devotedly in his mind.

1.158.1 O Vasus, O Rudras, of many counsels, growing mighty — O bull-like ones, O wondrous ones, honor us in the conquest. For the wealth of Aucathya is indeed yours when you two have flowed forth with your never-failing aids.

1.158.2 Who shall offer to you for even this your benevolence, O Vasus, when you two sit with homage at the cow's footprint? Seize for us rich, understanding maidens — moving like one impelled by desire in his mind.

1.158.3 For indeed when Tugra's son Bhujyu was yoked to you, he was placed amid the ocean's midst — let me come to your shelter, O Aśvins; like a hero not through the currents in battle-courses.

1.158.4 May Upastuta preserve the Aucathyan — may these two winged ones not milk me dry. May the tenfold-piled kindling not burn me, for I am bound in myself gnawing the earth when your bound one gnaws the ground.

1.158.5 The rivers most motherly have not swallowed me; the Dāsa slaves did not shake the tightly bound one loose. When Traitana cut off his head, the Dāsa himself gnawed into his own chest and shoulders.

1.158.6 Dīrghatamas, son of Māmata, grown old in the tenth age — the Brahman becomes the charioteer of the purpose of waters, of those who strive.

1.159.1 With sacrifices I laud the great Dyāvāpṛthivī — Heaven and Earth, who augment Ṛta, O wise ones, at the assemblies. Those children of gods, those with divine offspring, with wondrous deeds — they adorn what is desirable with such intent.

1.159.2 I regard the mind of the blameless Father as great, of the self-powerful Mother — with their libations; the two parents of good seed have established for progeny the broad immortal domain with their choosing gifts.

1.159.3 Their sons, of good deeds, of wondrous power, have generated the two great Mothers for primordial perception. The path of the son, undivided in mind, is in the truth and ordinance of the standing and the moving.

1.159.4 They, the wise ones of good insight, the skillful, have measured out the two kinswomen of one womb, the twins who share one dwelling. They weave ever anew the thread in heaven, within the ocean — the poets of bright flame.

1.159.5 That excellent bounty of Savitṛ divine we contemplate today at the god's impulsion. O Dyāvāpṛthivī, with clear insight bestow on us riches abounding in wealth, a hundredfold in cattle.

1.160.1 For Dyāvāpṛthivī, they two — benevolent to all, Ṛta-rich, the two wise ones who hold the realm — between the two fair-born, auspicious ones the pure Sun god and goddess move in accordance with the ordinance.

1.160.2 Of wide expanse, the two great inseparable ones — Father and Mother guard the worlds. The boldest among the bold, the two Worlds, as if for ornament — when the Father clothed her with his forms.

1.160.3 He, the bearer, the son of the two parents, pure, purifies the worlds wisely with his power. The dappled cow and the bull of good seed have on all days milked his shining milk.

1.160.4 He is the most active of the active gods, who generated the two Worlds benevolent to all. He who measured out the two realms with his well-ordered wisdom has fitted them together with his never-aging props.

1.160.5 O Dyāvāpṛthivī, you two great ones, when praised, shall bestow great fame, vast sovereignty. That wondrous strength with which we have spread ourselves over the peoples on all days — pour that power abundantly into us.

1.161.1 What greatest, what youngest came to us? What embassy is sent — what did we say? We do not revile the cup of great lineage; O Agni, brother, we declared prosperity only in the wooden vessel.

1.161.2 Make the one cup into four — so the gods said to you, and so I came to you. O sons of Sudhanvan, if you do this, you shall become worthy of sacrifice together with the gods.

1.161.3 When you sent word back to Agni as your messenger: 'A horse is to be fashioned, and a chariot too is to be fashioned here; a cow is to be fashioned, two young animals are to be fashioned' — for those deeds, O brother, we come following after you.

1.161.4 Having accomplished that, the Ṛbhus inquired: 'Where then has he gone who came to us as messenger?' When he had reported that the four cups were fashioned, Tvaṣṭṛ straightway hid himself among the women.

1.161.5 When Tvaṣṭṛ said 'Let us strike them down' — those who found no fault with the cup for the gods' drinking — they give them other names at the pressing; a young woman contended with them using other names.

1.161.6 Indra yoked his two bay horses; the Aśvins took possession of a chariot of all forms; Ṛbhu, Vibhvan, and Vāja went to the gods. You who are skilled workers came to a sacrificial share.

1.161.7 With your thoughts you released the cow from her hide; you who made two old ones young again — O sons of Sudhanvan, from the horse you fashioned a horse; having yoked a chariot you drove up to the gods.

1.161.8 'Drink this water' — so they said to you — 'or drink this water used for washing the muñja-grass.' O sons of Sudhanvan, if you do not desire that, then be made glad at the third pressing.

1.161.9 One said: 'Water is the greatest'; another said: 'Fire is the greatest'; one spoke out to the many: 'She who hurls the weapon' — speaking truthfully, they fashioned the cups.

1.161.10 One drives water to the lame cow; one shapes meat brought by the slaughter-knife; one carried dung up from the valley at sunset. What indeed did the two parents bestow upon their sons?

1.161.11 In the upland pastures, O men of skill, you made grass for him; in the lower pastures, water. That which you fashioned in the house of Agohya who cannot be hidden — that today, O Ṛbhus, you do not follow after.

1.161.12 When you crept around through the worlds lying still — where indeed did your two ancient parents sit? He who took away the stump of your hand cursed you; who spoke out to him? Tell him that.

1.161.13 The Ṛbhus who had been sleeping then asked: 'O Agohya, who has awakened us?' A goat said to a dog, its awakener: 'The year — today it has looked upon this thing.'

1.161.14 The Maruts travel by day, Agni by earth, this wind travels through the atmosphere; Varuṇa travels with the waters, with the seas — the sons of Strength, seeking you.

1.162.1 May Mitra, Varuṇa, Aryaman, Āyu, Indra Ṛbhukṣan, and the Maruts not look askance at us, when we proclaim at the assembly the heroic deeds of the divine-born swift horse.

1.162.2 When they lead forward the gift of the one clothed in ornamental garment with golden trappings, seized by the mouth — the well-formed goat bleats, of all forms, and attains the dear portion of Indra and Pūṣan.

1.162.3 This goat, led forward before the swift horse, is the share of Pūṣan to be offered to all the gods. Tvaṣṭṛ quickens this one along with the horse toward the dear fore-offering cake, for the sake of good fame.

1.162.4 When men lead the horse around thrice in order at the proper season on the god-directed path of the oblation, Pūṣan's first share comes here, as the goat announces the sacrifice to the gods.

1.162.5 The hotr̥, the adhvaryu, the āvayā, the fire-kindler, the stone-presser, and also the eloquent reciter — fill the flanks through that sacrifice, well-made with its own proper sound, properly offered.

1.162.6 Those who cut the sacrificial post and those who carry the post, and those who carve the ring for the horse's post, and those who bring together the cooking for the horse — may our praise song also stir them.

1.162.7 He came forward, one who has found my hymn good was placed — with back bared — meeting the expectation of the gods; the inspired seer-poets rejoice after him. In the flourishing of the gods we have made a close friend.

1.162.8 The tethering rope, the binding cord of the swift horse, the head-rope, the halter-cord — and whatever bundle of grass has been placed in his mouth — let all that be yours among the gods.

1.162.9 Whatever flies have settled on the raw flesh of the horse, whatever clings to the axe or to the cleaver, whatever is on the hands of the slaughterer, whatever on his nails — let all that be yours among the gods.

1.162.10 Whatever flows out from the belly as excrement, whatever is the smell of the raw flesh — let the slaughterers make that good; let them cook the sacrificial flesh to proper ripeness.

1.162.11 Whatever of your body, roasted by fire, drips down upon the spit of the slain one — may that not cling to the earth, may it not cling to the grass; let it be offered to the gods who desire it.

1.162.12 Those who watch over the cooked horse, those who say 'carry it out, it is fragrant,' and those who await the distribution of the horse's meat — may our praise also stir them.

1.162.13 The hook for the flesh-cooking vessel, the vessels for pouring the broth, the steam-lids of the cauldrons, the hooks — the butchers adorn the horse with all these.

1.162.14 The stepping forth, the sitting down, the rolling over, and the hobble of the horse, and whatever he drank, and whatever grass he ate — let all that be yours among the gods.

1.162.15 Let not the fire that blazes brightly singe you while you come near to your dear self; let not the axe remain in your body. The gods receive that horse who has been offered, presented, praised, and consecrated with the vaṣaṭ-call.

1.162.16 The garment they spread for the horse as a covering, the overgarment, the golden trappings for him — they cause the beloved, tethered, hobbled horse to proceed to the gods.

1.162.17 Whatever struck you in your seat of pride with the heel or with the whip — all those as if the sacrificial ladle at offerings I set aright for you with the sacred word.

1.162.18 Thirty-four ribs of the horse belonging to the gods — the axe comes together with them. Keep the limbs uncut with skill; cut them apart joint by joint, calling out to each.

1.162.19 One is the carver of Tvaṣṭṛ's horse; two are the holders — such is the rule. Whatever portions I make in their proper order from your limbs, those portions one by one I offer into the fire.

1.162.20 Let not the fire singe you as you draw near to your dear self; let not the axe remain fixed in your body; let not the greedy unskilled cutter, making a mistake, mar your limbs with the knife.

1.162.21 You do not truly die here, nor are you harmed — you go to the gods by easy paths. The two bays become your yoke-mates, the dappled mares; the swift horse has stood beside the shaft of the donkey.

1.162.22 May the swift horse bring us good cattle and good horses, male offspring, and wealth nourishing all; may Aditi make us guiltless; may the horse bearing the oblation win lordship for us.

1.163.1 When you cried out first, being born, rising from the ocean or from the earthy matter — the wings of an eagle, the arms of a deer — great is your birth, O swift horse, worthy of praise.

1.163.2 Given by Yama, Trita harnessed him; Indra was the first to mount him; the Gandharva grasped his rein. From the sun you fashioned the horse, O Vasus.

1.163.3 You are Yama, you are Āditya, O swift horse; you are Trita by your secret ordinance; you are separated from Soma in like manner. They say you have three bonds in heaven.

1.163.4 They say you have three bonds in heaven, three in the waters, three within the ocean. To me you seem like Varuṇa, O swift horse, they say your highest birthplace is there.

1.163.5 These are your cleansing instruments, O vāji; these are the receptacles for the securing of your hooves. Here I saw your good reins, the guardians who protect the cosmic order.

1.163.6 I recognized your self from afar with my mind — a bird flying downward from the sky by day. I saw the head, the winged one straining along easy, dustless paths.

1.163.7 Here I saw your highest form, striving to win, at the place of the cow's refreshment. When a mortal reached up for your enjoyment, then you seized on the herbs and quickened them.

1.163.8 After you came the chariot, after you the warrior, O swift horse; after you the cattle, after you the luck of maidens; after you your bands of companions went to your friendship; after you the gods measured out your heroic power.

1.163.9 Golden-horned, his feet of iron, swift as thought, lower than Indra — the gods came to his oblation-eating, he who first mounted the swift horse.

1.163.10 Sweating, with wasp-like waists, the valiant, heavenly swift horses — they strive in line like swans when they have taken the heavenly course.

1.163.11 Your body is eager to fly, O swift horse; your mind rushes along like the wind; your horns scattered in many places wander roaming in the forests.

1.163.12 The swift horse came forward to the slaughter, meditating with god-directed mind. The goat led in front is his navel-cord; behind, the inspired singers go after.

1.163.13 The swift horse came forward to the highest resting place, toward father and mother. Today he is most pleasing to the gods to go to; then he shall declare desirable gifts to the devout offerer.

1.164.1 Of this beautiful gray hotr̥, his middle brother is the devourer; the third brother, ghee-backed, is this one's. There I saw the lord of the settlement with seven sons.

1.164.2 Seven yoke the single-wheeled chariot; one horse with seven names draws it. The wheel is three-hubbed, imperishable, not worn out — on it all these worlds stand.

1.164.3 The seven who stand on this seven-wheeled chariot — seven horses draw it. Seven sisters call out together, where the seven names of the cattle are set down.

1.164.4 Who saw the one being born first, the one with bones, which the boneless one bears? The earth's vital breath, blood, and soul — where are they? Who has gone to the wise one to ask this?

1.164.5 Childlike I ask, not knowing in my mind — what are the hidden tracks of the gods there? The poets have stretched out, as if for weaving, seven threads upon the young calf — so they say.

1.164.6 Not knowing, even among the knowing, I ask the poet-seers here for the sake of knowledge, I who do not know — what is the one thing that in the form of the unborn has propped up these six spaces apart?

1.164.7 Let him speak here who truly knows the hidden track of this lovely bird. The cows milk milk from his head; clothed in wrappings they have drunk water with their feet.

1.164.8 The mother apportioned the father through the cosmic order; at the beginning of thought she met him with her mind. She, full of desire, with embryo-essence laid in her, the reverential ones went to the invocation.

1.164.9 The mother was yoked to the right-hand shaft; the embryo stood within the enclosures. The calf lowed; it saw the cow in pursuit of all-encompassing forms in the three yokings.

1.164.10 Bearing three mothers and three fathers, the one stood upright — they do not weaken it below. On the back of that heaven they confer, speaking the all-knowing speech that not all know.

1.164.11 The twelve-spoked wheel of the cosmic order rolls round the sky and does not decay — on it, O Agni, stand paired children, seven hundred and twenty.

1.164.12 The five-footed father with twelve forms they call the bountiful one in the upper half of the sky. But others here say of the far-seer standing below that he is set upon a seven-wheeled, six-spoked wheel.

1.164.13 On the five-spoked wheel revolving all the worlds have taken their stand. Its axle is not heated though it bears a great load. From the ancient time the hub does not break.

1.164.14 The wheel with complete rim, ageless, revolves; ten yoked ones draw it on the outstretched path. The sun's eye moves enveloped in the mist; on it all worlds are set.

1.164.15 The seventh of the simultaneous-born they call the only-born; six are the twin-born seers, born of the gods they say. Their desires are laid out in the habitations; they who stand firm vibrate in changing forms.

1.164.16 They are females, yet the knowing ones call them males — one who has eyes and looks sees it; the blind one does not discern it. The son who is a seer has understood them; he who knows them would be the father of his father.

1.164.17 Below the upper and above the lower, the cow has stood up bearing the calf on her feet. Toward which half has she gone away? Where does she give birth? Surely not within the herd.

1.164.18 Whoever knows the father — above the lower and below the upper — who here acting as a seer might proclaim the divine mind from whence it was born?

1.164.19 Those who face this way they call those who face away; those who face away they call those who face this way. Indra and Soma — those things you two have made, yoked to the shaft, carry the atmospheric space.

1.164.20 Two eagles of beautiful wings, companions and friends, clasp the same tree. One of the two eats the sweet fig; the other, not eating, looks on.

1.164.21 Where the eagles unblinkingly chant their portion of immortality in the assembly — the master, the guardian of the whole world, the wise one — has entered the simple one there.

1.164.22 On the tree where the honey-eating eagles make their home and give birth, the whole world is above — they say the sweet fig is at the top; he will not reach it who does not know the Father.

1.164.23 What is set in the gāyatrī beyond the gāyatrī, what they fashioned in the triṣṭubh beyond the triṣṭubh, what is the step set in the jagatī beyond the jagatī — those who know that have attained immortality.

1.164.24 With the gāyatrī he measures out the sacred song; with the song, the sāman; with the triṣṭubh, the vāk. With speech he measures speech, two-footed and four-footed; with the syllable they measure the seven vāṇīs.

1.164.25 With the jagatī he propped up the river in the sky; in the rathantara he beheld the sun round about. They say the gāyatra has three fuel-sticks; from that it has surpassed all in greatness by its greatness.

1.164.26 I call hither this good-milking cow; a skillful hand should milk her and urge her on. May Savitṛ impel the best impulsion for us; the heated cauldron ablaze — that I now declare.

1.164.27 The cow, lady of treasures, making the hiṅ sound, came in her mind seeking the calf. Let this inviolable one be milked for the two Aśvins; may she thrive for great good fortune.

1.164.28 The cow lowed after the calf gazing at her; she made the hiṅ sound at the head, in her maternal desire. Lowing for the seething pot with parted lips, she measures out her might with streams of milk.

1.164.29 This is the one that bellows, by whom the cow surrounded lows its call, resting on the two nostrils. She by her powers has laid the mortal low; becoming lightning she has pushed aside the covering.

1.164.30 The breathing one lies down; the fleet-moving living one stirs about the firm one in the middle of the settlements. The living one wanders among the dead by its own powers — the immortal one, of the same womb as the mortal.

1.164.31 I saw the herdsman who does not dismount, going along the paths hither and thither. He, clothing himself in converging and diverging forms, moves round and round within the worlds.

1.164.32 He who made it does not know it; he who saw it — from him it conceals itself. Enclosed within his mother's womb, he who has many offspring has entered into dissolution.

1.164.33 Heaven is my father, my begetter; the navel is here; this great earth is my mother, my kin. Between the two spread bowls is the womb; here the father placed the embryo in the daughter.

1.164.34 I ask you about the furthest end of the earth; I ask where is the navel of the world; I ask you about the seed of the vigorous horse; I ask about the highest heaven of speech.

1.164.35 This altar-ground is the furthest end of the earth; this sacrifice is the navel of the world; this Soma is the seed of the vigorous horse; this brahman priest is the highest heaven of speech.

1.164.36 The seven half-embryos, the seed of the world, stand by the ordinances in the domains of Viṣṇu's far-spreading. Those wise and thoughtful ones, encompassing beings, surround everything on all sides.

1.164.37 I do not know what this thing is that I am — bound in mystery, I wander with my mind. When the firstborn of the cosmic order came to me, then I attained a share of this speech.

1.164.38 Going backward and forward, seized by his own power, the immortal of the same womb as the mortal — the two, moving perpetually apart in different directions, have perceived the one, have not perceived the other.

1.164.39 In the imperishable highest heaven in which all the gods have taken their seat — what will he do with the ṛc who does not know that? Only those who know it are seated here together.

1.164.40 May you be blessed with good pasture; may we too be blessed. Eat grass, O inviolable one, ever and always; drink pure water as you go about.

1.164.41 The shining cow shaped waters, crafting them — she who is one-footed, two-footed, four-footed; she who has become eight-footed, nine-footed, possessing a thousand syllables in the highest heaven.

1.164.42 From her the seas flow forth in all directions; by her the four quarters live. From her flows the syllable, on that the whole world lives.

1.164.43 From afar I saw a dung-smoky cloud rising at the equinox, above the lower and below the upper. The heroes cooked the dappled bull; these were the first ordinances.

1.164.44 Three long-haired ones reveal themselves in order at the proper season; one of them shaves at the year's end; one gazes over the whole world with his powers; of one the rushing is seen but not the form.

1.164.45 Speech is measured out in four quarters; the wise Brāhmaṇas know them. Three are placed in secret and do not stir; of speech, humans speak only the fourth.

1.164.46 They call it Indra, Mitra, Varuṇa, Agni, and it is the divine, winged Garutmān. The one being the seers speak of in many ways: they call it Agni, Yama, Mātariśvan.

1.164.47 Golden-hued eagles, wearing the waters, fly upward to the black track in the sky. They have returned from the seat of the cosmic order; then the earth is spread out with ghee.

1.164.48 Twelve fellies, one wheel, three hubs — who has understood that? On it are set together three hundred pins and sixty, and they do not budge.

1.164.49 O Sarasvatī, that breast of yours which is inexhaustible, which bestows well-being, with which you nourish all desirable things — the treasure-bearing, wealth-finding, generous one — bring that here for us to drink.

1.164.50 The gods worshipped sacrifice with sacrifice; those were the first ordinances. These great ones have attained the vault of heaven where the ancient Sādhya gods are.

1.164.51 This same water rises up and comes back down by days; the rains quicken the earth; the fires quicken the sky.

1.164.52 The heavenly eagle, the great bird of the sky, the embryo of the waters, the shining one of herbs — Sarasvan who refreshes those who desire him with his rains — I call him with repeated calls for help.

1.165.1 By what splendor have the Maruts, of equal age, of the same nest, of the same band, mingled together? By what thought, from where have these come — the vigorous ones who sing their strength, desiring riches?

1.165.2 Whose sacred formulations have the young ones delighted in? Who has turned the Maruts to the sacrifice? Like swift hawks through the atmosphere — by what great thought shall we find pleasure together?

1.165.3 O Indra, being great, why do you go alone, O lord of the good? What then is your purpose? Meeting together equally with the splendid ones — declare to us what you have for us, O one with the bay horses.

1.165.4 My sacred formulations and thoughts are potent; the pressed stone sets my strength in motion. The recitations summon, the hymns come back in answer — let these two bay horses carry you here to us.

1.165.5 For this reason we, joined with our nearest companions, adorning our bodies with our own domains, now yoke these with our great powers. O Indra, you have indeed become for us according to our own nature.

1.165.6 Where was your solidarity, O Maruts, when you left me alone in the serpent-slaying? For I am the fierce, mighty, powerful one; I have crushed every foe with my weapons.

1.165.7 You have done much for us with our companions, O bull, with the manly powers shared among equals. We shall do many things, O strongest Indra, with resolve, as the Maruts desire.

1.165.8 I slew Vṛtra, O Maruts, with Indra's power, becoming mighty with my own fury. I the one of bright-all splendors, the thunderbolt-armed, made the waters flow freely for Manu.

1.165.9 Your power is unsurpassed, O Maghavan; none now knows a deity like you. Neither one being born can attain you nor one already born; what you will do — do that, O most exalted one.

1.165.10 Let my power be preeminent even alone; what I shall do, I will do with daring thought. For I am the fierce one who knows, O Maruts — of those things I set moving, Indra alone is master.

1.165.11 The hymn of praise has gladdened me here, O Maruts, that the men made the sacred word worthy of hearing — for me Indra, the bull, the exceedingly good, as friends with their bodies in friendship to my body.

1.165.12 Thus these very ones, shining brightly toward me, bearing blameless glory — seeing me, O Maruts, of resplendent forms, shine for me and now give me delight.

1.165.13 Who among these praises you, O Maruts? Go forth toward your friends, O friends. Setting in motion their varied formulations — be for me a knower of the cosmic laws of these.

1.165.14 As a poet serves at the call of one who deserves service, the wisdom of the one worthy of honor has made us its own. O Maruts, turn now toward the inspired one; the singer has praised your sacred formulations.

1.165.15 This is your praise-hymn, O Maruts, this is the song of the poet Māndārya, worthy of honor. May this go forth for the body's nourishment; may we find this settled community that gives life swiftly.

1.166.1 Let us now declare for your impetuous birth the former greatness of the bull, for his banner to be known — even as flames in your course, O Maruts of mighty roar, so, O mighty ones, do you perform powerful deeds as if in battle.

1.166.2 As if carrying the perpetual honey for a son, they play their games, these spirited ones, in the assemblies. The Rudras reach with their help the devout worshipper; the self-mighty ones do not neglect the sacrificial oblation prepared for them.

1.166.3 To him for whom the immortal helpers have granted wealth-abundance, to him who has worshipped with oblation — the Maruts sprinkle for him, as if appointed, the many realms with milk that gives delight.

1.166.4 They who filled the realms with their mighty powers — your swift steeds, self-harnessed, rushed forward. All the earthly beings tremble in fear; your march is radiant when your spears are hurled.

1.166.5 When in your impetuous course you make the mountains resound and the manly ones have shaken the back of heaven — every forest tree trembles at your onslaught, and the herbs dart forth as if galloping in a chariot-race.

1.166.6 Do you, O fierce Maruts, of clear discernment, whose village is unharmed, grant us your favour. Where your lightning gnaws with its sharp teeth, it bursts open the pen of cattle as if with a well-aimed axe.

1.166.7 The lavish givers, of unfailing generosity, never diminishing, rightly praised in assemblies — they sing the hymn to drink the exhilarating draught; they have known the foremost manly deeds of the hero.

1.166.8 O Maruts, protect with your hundredfold arms from violence and misdeed the one whom you have favoured; the one whom the fierce, mighty, and mighty-bodied ones guard in assemblies from false speech, in the nourishment of his offspring.

1.166.9 All auspicious and mighty things are laid upon your chariots, O Maruts, as if in mutual rivalry. On your shoulders are the bracelets along the ridges, and at once your axle and wheels have turned together.

1.166.10 Many auspicious ornaments on their manly arms, golden breastplates on their chests, the impetuous ones anointed — on their shoulders these decorations, razor-blades on their wheels; they have spread their glories like birds spreading their wings.

1.166.11 Great in greatness, all-pervading, of all-pervading splendours, seen afar as the heavenly stars — pleasant-voiced, with good tongues, resounding with their lips, the Maruts mingle together with Indra in their surrounding praise.

1.166.12 That greatness of yours, O well-born Maruts, your generous gift is long as the vow of Aditi; even Indra does not deflect that with violence for the man to whom, for his righteous deed, you have made it available.

1.166.13 That brotherhood of yours, O Maruts, in former ages — you immortals aided many a praiser. With this very prayer, wrapping obedience for Manu, the heroes have shone forth together with wondrous deeds.

1.166.14 By which, O Maruts, we have long grown strong, the swiftly advancing ones, through your abundance — when the people have spread out in the settlement by these sacrifices — may I attain that desired goal.

1.166.15 This is your praise-song, O Maruts, this is the hymn of Māndārya, the worthy poet. May it go forth for his body as vigour — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.167.1 A thousand of your helps be ours, O Indra; a thousand refreshments, O bay-horsed one, most welcome of all! A thousand of riches to rejoice in — may thousandfold prizes come to us.

1.167.2 May the Maruts come towards us with their aids, or with their great-shining eldest ones, wise in their ways — even when their most distant teams rush thundering on the far shore of the ocean.

1.167.3 Among them has come the well-placed ghee-streaming one, golden-robed, like an uplifted spear — moving in secret like a woman of Manu, the speech comes together in the assembly like one meant for an assembly.

1.167.4 The bright, impetuous ones have poured out far and wide as if sharing a common path, O Maruts. The terrible ones did not drive away the two worlds; the gods joyfully embraced their growth in friendship.

1.167.5 When the mighty lady of sovereignty desired to join them, with hair dishevelled, the two worlds taking delight in heroes — she came like the sun going to the worshipper's chariot, with a blazing countenance, not to be led back from the sky.

1.167.6 The young ones have caused the maiden to stand, the Pajra woman veiled for beauty in the assemblies — when the oblation-bearer, the singer of the Pajra clan, sings a song for you, O Maruts, with pressed soma, honouring you.

1.167.7 I declare him worthy of speech whose true glory of these Maruts exists — when he, the bull-spirited one, self-glorious, bears along even steady women, the fortunate ones, in his company.

1.167.8 Mitra and Varuṇa protect from reproach; Aryaman keeps down the unworthy. And even the immovable, fixed things are shaken; the Maruts, lavish givers, have grown mightily.

1.167.9 Indeed, O Maruts, none among us, even from afar, has reached the end of your might. They who have grown great with bold strength stand around hatred as around a flood, boldly.

1.167.10 Today we would proclaim ourselves the dearest of Indra; tomorrow in the assembly we would say the same. May that greatness of ours be with us through all the days; may the Ṛbhukṣan, lord of men, follow us therein.

1.167.11 This is your praise-song, O Maruts, this is the hymn of Māndārya, the worthy poet. May it go forth for his body as vigour — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.168.1 At each and every sacrifice, hastening to your common gathering, the god-seeking one lays down thought after thought for you. I would turn you hither-ward for our welfare, with beautiful verses, for the help of the two worlds, for great protection.

1.168.2 Like covered ones of their own kind, the self-mighty, shakers, have won refreshment and the sun. Thousandfold like waves of the waters with their mouths — cows worthy of reverence, and bulls.

1.168.3 Like pressed soma juices, they whose limbs are satisfied, who have drunk to the heart, who serve — they do not sit idle. On their shoulders, as if clasping, is fixed the decoration; in their hands, the bracelet and the sword are joined together.

1.168.4 The immortals, self-harnessed, have gone down freely from heaven, urged onward by a whip of their own accord. Dustless, born in might, the Maruts of flashing spears have shaken even what is firm and fixed.

1.168.5 Who trembles of himself among you, O Maruts of lightning spears, as if with a tongue in the jaw? Swept from the desert in the rush of the courses, the never-sleeping Naitaśa calls on many to advance.

1.168.6 Where is the farther limit of this great realm, and where the nearer, O Maruts, in which you go about? When you set tottering what seemed fixed together and fly apart, cleaving the terrible ocean with your stone.

1.168.7 Your winning is filled with violence and solar light, O Maruts, blazing and all-ripening, swelling. Your bounty to the worshipper is auspicious as a sacrificial gift, spreading wide its way, crackling as if with sovereign power.

1.168.8 The rivers resound back from their wheel-rims when you raise the cloud-born voice. The lightnings smile downward upon the earth whenever the Maruts sprinkle their ghee.

1.168.9 Pṛśni bore for the great battle the blazing host of the impetuous Maruts. They, of fair appearance, brought forth the monstrous thing; and then they looked around upon their vigorous power.

1.168.10 This is your praise-song, O Maruts, this is the hymn of Māndārya, the worthy poet. May it go forth for his body as vigour — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.169.1 Great as you are, O Indra, when you go to these great ones — great too are you as the protector from their abandonment. Knowing the Maruts, O wise one, win for us your blessings; they are indeed your most beloved.

1.169.2 They have yoked your teams, O Indra, among all peoples, knowing the hindrance among mortals. The battle-cry of the Maruts is laughing out in the contest for the winning of the heavenly, bountiful prize of battle.

1.169.3 Straight toward us is that spear of yours, O Indra; the Maruts urge the monstrous one onward unwaveringly. For Agni, indeed, blazing for him, lay their offerings like waters around an island.

1.169.4 But do you, O Indra, give us that wealth as a gift with your most powerful right hand. And those that have taken delight in being praised by you have nourished prizes like the honey-sweet breast of Vāyu.

1.169.5 In you, O Indra, the most enriching leaders of any righteous man reside. May those Maruts be gracious to us — those gods who of old moved as if seeking a path.

1.169.6 Go forward to meet the bountiful heroes, O Indra; strive in the great earthly seat. And where these broad-based streams have stood at the ford with their manly deeds —

1.169.7 I hear the approaching thunder of these terrible, impetuous Maruts coming. They who with their helps fling down the mortal who fights against them like a debtor with their rushing charges.

1.169.8 Grant us, O Indra, together with the Maruts, all-people riches, the roaring gifts that have cattle at their head. O god, you are praised by those who praise you, by the gods — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.170.1 There is neither now nor tomorrow — who knows what is wonderful? The mind of another is not to be approached, and even what is well pondered vanishes.

1.170.2 Why, O Indra, do you wish to strike us? The Maruts are your brothers. With them act rightly — do not slay us at the encounter.

1.170.3 Why, O brother Agastya, being our friend, do you think too highly of yourself? We know your mind — you do not wish to give to us.

1.170.4 Let them prepare the altar; let them kindle Agni in front. There, with awareness of the immortal, let us two spread out the sacrifice.

1.170.5 You are the lord of riches, O lord of wealth; you are the best bestower of friendship, O lord of friends. O Indra, agree together with the Maruts; thereafter eat the oblations each in due season.

1.171.1 I come to you with reverence and with a well-spoken hymn I implore the favour of the swift ones. O Maruts, who rejoice in what is to be known, lay aside your anger and unyoke your horses.

1.171.2 This your reverent praise-song, O Maruts, fashioned from the heart, has been set by the mind, O gods. Come hither pleased in mind; for you are indeed those who grow great through worship.

1.171.3 May the Maruts, praised, be gracious to us; and may the praised Maghavan be most gracious. May our desirable forests rise upward; may we be victorious, O Maruts, through all the days.

1.171.4 Fleeing from this mighty power, trembling in fear of Indra, O Maruts — the oblations that were prepared for you, those I have set far away. Be gracious to us.

1.171.5 By whom the cows are made to shine at the dawnings of the perpetual ones with power — do you, O bull, mighty, firm and strong-giving, establish fame for us with the Maruts, together with the fierce ones.

1.171.6 Protect us, O Indra, protect the mighty men; together with the Maruts let your anger be appeased. Conquering, holding with clear wisdom — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.172.1 Radiant be your march and radiant your help, O generous givers! O Maruts shining like serpents!

1.172.2 Far from you, O generous Maruts, is the gleaming arrow; far is the stone that you hurl.

1.172.3 Turn away the people of Tṛṇaskanda now, O generous givers; raise us up to live.

1.173.1 As a bird sings a heavenly sāman, let us praise that which has grown great, possessed of the sun — when the undeceived milch-cows come to the kusa grass, worshipping the heavenly seat.

1.173.2 The bull has sung with bulls and with sweet-smelling oblations — as a wild beast goes past those that eat, surpassing. The gladdening, welcome Hotā bears the mind; the worshipful young man bears the pair.

1.173.3 The Hotā reaches around the measured seat as he goes, bearing the embryo of the autumns of the earth. The horse neighs and the cow lows as it is led; the speech moves as a messenger between the two worlds.

1.173.4 Those of variegated acts bear forward impulses for him who is devoted to the gods. Indra of wondrous brilliance has rejoiced, easy to invoke like the Nāsatyas, standing on the chariot.

1.173.5 Praise that Indra who is a real fighter, who is a hero, who is the bountiful one, who stands on his chariot. Most martial even against those who face him, the bull-endowed destroyer even of those hidden in darkness.

1.173.6 When thus he is great enough for the heroes, the two worlds are not sufficient for his girth. Indra wrapped around the settlement as the earth does; the self-powerful one supports the branch of the sky.

1.173.7 In battles, O hero, let the most liberal among those who are generous be wrapped around you to embrace you. Those who rejoice over Indra together in exhilaration in the domains — and who exult even over the sun-lord with prizes.

1.173.8 For thus are your pressings blissful as an ocean in which the divine waters rejoice for you. The cow has been for you in all respects a source of delight — even when with wisdom you seek out the sun-lords among the people.

1.173.9 May we be for you as good friends, with our own power of men not to be overcome by praises — may Indra be for us one who stands in praise, swift as one who leads in the work, with songs of praise.

1.173.10 The rival among men, not to be overcome by praises — may Indra of the thunderbolt hand be ours. Like those who seek a friend, those who seek the lord of the city, those who have learned the proper way, worship the middle-seeking ones with sacrifices.

1.173.11 Indeed, whatever sacrifice enriches Indra, even the one who pours, going around with his mind — as one thirsting does not find his home at the ford, so the long path makes him helpless.

1.173.12 Do not abandon us here, O Indra, in battles with the gods; for there is indeed that which wards off your strength. Even the great bountiful one — for whose eager one the Maruts' praise from the oblation-bearer finds its mark.

1.173.13 This praise-song, O Indra, is for you from us; by means of it, O bay-horsed one, find a path for us. Turn toward us for our welfare, O god — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.174.1 You, O Indra, are the king, and the gods protect — protect the men, O Asura, protect us. You are the true lord, O bountiful protector of ours; you are the true one, bringing wealth, the strength-giver.

1.174.2 O Indra, you drove away the peoples of hostile speech; you split open the seven autumnal forts for shelter. You released the blameless, wave-like waters for the young man; you subdued Vṛtra for Purukutsa.

1.174.3 Drive away, O Indra, the wives of the heroes, and also heaven with them now, O much-invoked one. The Rakṣas, the fire that does not dry up, the overpowering one — like a lion in the house, drive away those active in the night.

1.174.4 The remainders rest now in their common womb for your glory, O Indra, by the greatness of the thunderbolt. When in battle he released the rivers that had cattle, the bay horses stood boldly, winning prizes.

1.174.5 Carry Kutsa, O Indra, in whom you took delight, in the harness of the Syūmanyu, with the bright horses of the wind. Let the sun roll forward the wheel in the encounter; may the thunderbolt-armed one advance against the rivals.

1.174.6 Slaying those who have the friendship of enemies, O Indra, bay-horsed, impelled to give, those who do not offer. Those who, seeing Aryaman of the companions, are carried off by you in the rush, bearing offspring.

1.174.7 The wise one stumbled at the battle for the sun; he made the earth a couch for the Dāsa. The bountiful one made the three waters brilliant with gifts; in the dwelling of evil deeds he crushed him who speaks ill.

1.174.8 Old as they are, those powers of yours, O Indra, have come as new; strength and cloud, many, to not perish. He split apart the godless forts, not breakable; the weapon bowed not before the taunting of the ungodly.

1.174.9 You, O Indra, are the roarer; you have set the roaring waters free, flowing like rivers. When you carry across the ocean, O hero, bring Turvaśa and Yadu over safely.

1.174.10 Be you ours always in all ways, O Indra, the most free from entanglement, the protector of men. Do you, the strength-giver of all conflicts, grant us — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.175.1 The intoxicating exhilaration of your great vessel has been drunk, O bay-horsed one, like that of a great cup. Your drop, O bull among bulls, is the racer that wins the thousandfold prize.

1.175.2 Let there come to us your exhilarating, bull-like, desirable intoxication — conquering, O Indra, ever-winning, crushing armies, immortal.

1.175.3 For you are the hero, the winner, you who impel the chariot of Manu; conquering, you burn the lawless Dasyu like a vessel with your flame.

1.175.4 You who are wise, you stole the sun, wielding the wheel with your might; you brought the weapon to Śuṣṇa, carrying Kutsa with the horses of the wind.

1.175.5 For your exhilaration is most vigorous and most glorious, and so is your wisdom — O Vṛtra-slayer, finder of wide space, most glorious, winning most horses.

1.175.6 As you have been for the praisers of old, O Indra, like a delight, like waters for one who does not thirst — following that I call you with the Nivid formula: may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.176.1 Exhilarate Indra for us for the desire of better things, O drop, O bull — enter in! While you roam about raging, you find no enemy near.

1.176.2 Into him bestow your songs — him who is the sole one of the tribes. According to his own power the bull is cultivated, as barley is ploughed over and over.

1.176.3 In whose two hands lie all the wealth of the five peoples — search out him who is our enemy; smite him like a heavenly thunderbolt.

1.176.4 Strike down the non-presser, the equal one, who is distressingly not delightful to you. Give us his treasure; even the sun-lord praises this.

1.176.5 You aided him whose doubled might was continuous in the hymns — O drop, in the race you helped the prize-winner of Indra in the prizes.

1.176.6 As you have been for the praisers of old, O Indra, like a delight, like waters for one who does not thirst — following that I call you with the Nivid formula: may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.177.1 Filling the peoples full, the bull of men, the king of the tribes, much-invoked Indra — praised, seeking glory with help — harnessing the two bull-like bay steeds, come hither!

1.177.2 Your bulls, O Indra, those bull-like stallions harnessed by prayer, drawing the bull's chariot — mount them and come hither! We invoke you at the pressed soma, O Indra.

1.177.3 Mount the bull-chariot, O bull; your soma is pressed, the honey-draughts are poured out. Harnessing your two bull-like bays, O bull of the peoples, come down the slope towards us!

1.177.4 This sacrifice is for the god, this is the oblation; these are the prayers, this is the soma, O Indra. The kusa grass is strewn — come forward, O mighty one; sit and drink; unyoke your bays here.

1.177.5 Come hither, O well-praised Indra, to the prayers of Mānyasya the poet. May we know the help at dawn as we praise — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.178.1 If, O Indra, you indeed have that readiness to hear by which you have been the helper of praisers — do not burn up our desire when it is growing great; may we attain all the things you have, with the life-span.

1.178.2 Truly no king, O Indra, has deceived us — those who are now making sisters in the womb. Even the waters, easily flowing, have gone for him; Indra has come with friendship and with birds.

1.178.3 Indra, the hero, conquers in battles with men; he hears the call of the poet who implores. He brings the chariot near to the worshipper — if the raised songs should come of themselves.

1.178.4 Thus Indra with men, through desire for good fame, becomes a bold helper against those who are hostile. In the encounter of courses he is praised with voice; the all-achieving glory of the sacrificer is proclaimed.

1.178.5 Through you, O Maghavan Indra, may we overpower the enemies who think themselves great. Be you our protector; be you also for our increase — may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.179.1 I have grown weary through many autumns, through nights and days that make the dawns old. Old age diminishes the beauty of bodies — even so now the wives should have gone to their bull-husbands.

1.179.2 Even those former ones who were watchers of ṛta, who declared the sacred truths together with the gods — even those came down, for they never reached the end. Now too the wives have come together with their bull-husbands.

1.179.3 Not in vain does the weary one whom the gods help — we two shall win all contests. Here let us win the hundred-guided race as the pair of us, united as a couple, have rushed forward together.

1.179.4 The desire of the roaring, pressing one has come to me — born here, from here, or from wherever. Lopāmudrā draws the bull downward; the rash one sucks the wise man as he sleeps.

1.179.5 This soma now drunk close by and deep in the heart I invoke. Whatever transgression we have committed, may that be forgiven by him — for mortal man has many desires.

1.179.6 Agastya, digging with his tools, desiring offspring, progeny and strength — the mighty seer has nourished both castes, and has gone to the gods with true prayers fulfilled.

1.180.1 Your realms, your well-yoked horses, your chariot — when it flies around the seas for you two — with golden rims sprinkling you, drinking the honey, you two follow the dawns.

1.180.2 You two go beyond the stallion when you go to the manly one whose wings spread wide, worthy of reverence. When the sister who is praised by all brings you two, O honey-drinkers, for the prize and the refreshment.

1.180.3 You two placed the milk in the cow Uśriyā, the ripe within the raw, the ancient one. When among the trees the truthful-dripping one calls upon you two — as a clear, unwinding one — the oblation-bearer worships.

1.180.4 You two have indeed chosen the honey-sweet warm drink for Atri, like waters for the flood to approach. That, O Aśvins, O heroes, seeking cattle — like chariot wheels your praises return with honey.

1.180.5 I would turn toward you two for your gift, O wondrous Aśvins, like a worn old man aided by Tugra's son. The great earth follows the waters of you two; worn out, your eye, O worshipful ones, has suffered from distress.

1.180.6 When you two set down your teams and let loose the mighty lady of intelligence with your own powers, O generous givers — then the sun-lord comes forward and backward like the wind; the good-vowed one obtains a great prize.

1.180.7 We too, being truly your praisers, proclaim you to be true; the chanter is well-placed. And indeed, O blameless Aśvins, you two drink; for you two bulls drink right up to the god.

1.180.8 Indeed you two Aśvins for days in the winning of the stream of Virudra — Agastya, praised among men as a hero among heroes, has illuminated you like a Kārādhunī with thousands.

1.180.9 When you two carry forward with the greatness of the chariot, when you two race like the Hotā of Manu — grant good horses to the sun-lords and wealth; may we be winners of riches, O Nāsatyas.

1.180.10 That chariot of yours, O Aśvins, we would invoke today anew with praises for our welfare — it whose rim is unhurt, going around heaven: may we know the refreshment, the broad space giving long life.

1.181.1 O most beloved, you who officiate as adhvaryus among wealth and treasure, when you lift the waters — this sacrifice has made your glory known, O you who hold riches, O guides of the people.

1.181.2 May your bright, milk-drinking steeds, swift as the wind, those heavenly coursers with backs unsaddled — thought-swift, vigorous bulls — bearing heavenly sovereignty, bring you Aśvins hither.

1.181.3 May your chariot, like a rushing river, with a yoke that glides forward, come hither for our welfare. It is swifter than thought, carrying the vigorous bull — that adorable, zealous one who presses forward first.

1.181.4 Born here and there, both have called out together with sinless body and with their own names. One of you is the conquering hero, patron of the bountiful sacrifice; the other, fortunate son of heaven, is glorified in the chariot race.

1.181.5 Your Kakuha mare, tawny in hue, has gone forward following the steeds to your dwelling-places. The bay horses of one of you are fattened with prizes; the sky-regions resound, O Aśvins, with your songs of victory.

1.181.6 Like a vigorous bull in autumn, your chariot has sped forth, seeking refreshment, traversing many food-offerings laden with honey. With like prizes the streams have come to us like rivers flowing upward, fattening the other.

1.181.7 A firm and wise hymn has been sent forth to you, O Aśvins, flowing in three streams through the sacrifice. O you who are praised, protect the supplicant — whether in the course of the journey or at rest, hear my call.

1.181.8 Moreover, that bright, radiant hymn of yours fills men at the triple sacrificial seat. The rain-cloud, O vigorous ones, has swelled for you both, like a cow's milk, pouring forth for the worshipper of Manu.

1.181.9 The full-purposed worshipper praises you two, O Aśvins, like Pūṣan, like Agni at the dawns, bearing oblations. As I call to you, singing your praises, seeking wide space — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.182.1 This course has now appeared — come, O wise ones, adorn the vigorous chariot, rejoice! O you who impel thought, you who are zealous, who possess the riches of Viśpalā, O sons of heaven — you of good deeds and pure vows.

1.182.2 For you are the most Indra-like, the most zealous, the most Marut-like, O wonder-workers, the most skilled in deeds, the best of charioteers. You drive a chariot laden full of honey; with that chariot, O Aśvins, come to the worshipper.

1.182.3 What do you do here, O wonder-workers? What person who offers no oblations is glorified in your presence? You shall pass beyond the niggard Paṇi; restore the life-breath to the sage, and make light for the eloquent singer.

1.182.4 Crush on all sides the hounds that bark and snap; strike them down, O Aśvins — you have discovered those things. Make every hymn of the praiser yield riches; both of you, O Nāsatyas, uphold my praise.

1.182.5 You made a raft for Tugra's son upon the rivers — a self-propelled raft with wings. With that raft, guided by divine thought, you flew well, soaring over the great waves.

1.182.6 The son of Tugra had been cast down into the waters, cast into darkness that offers no foothold. Four ships favored by Jaṭhala, driven by the Aśvins, carried him across.

1.182.7 What tree stood firm in the midst of the ocean, to which Taugra's son clung without hold? Just as the feathers of a flying bird, the Aśvins carried him upward — to Bhujyu for his glory.

1.182.8 May that, O heroes, O Nāsatyas, follow you — what the sages of inspired mind have uttered in praise of you. From this soma-session today, may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.183.1 Harness that steed which is swifter than thought — the three-felied, three-wheeled chariot of the vigorous pair — by which you come near to the house of the good man; you fly with the three-fold element, like a bird with wings.

1.183.2 Your well-wheeled chariot rolls on toward the earth; when you stand, O wise ones, at the refreshments offered — let beauty attend beauty: may this hymn be with you, and may you Aśvins accompany Uṣas, the daughter of heaven.

1.183.3 Mount the well-wheeled chariot that rolls according to your ordinances, that bears the oblation. By which, O heroes, O Nāsatyas, you travel the path for nourishment, for offspring, and for the soul's own sake.

1.183.4 May neither wolf nor she-wolf attack you; do not turn away from us, and do not abandon us. This is the share laid up for you; this is the hymn, O wonder-workers — these are the honey-filled treasures deposited for you.

1.183.5 Gotama, Purumīḷha, Atri — the oblation-bearer calls on you two, O wonder-workers, for help. Like one going straight toward a pointed direction, come near to my call, O Nāsatyas.

1.183.6 We have crossed to the far shore of this darkness; the hymn of praise has been established for you, O Aśvins. Come here by the god-travelled paths — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.184.1 I, the carrier, invoke you both today and again at the dawning of Uṣas with praises. O Nāsatyas, wherever you may be, O noble sons of heaven, come to the generous giver.

1.184.2 O vigorous pair, do rejoice among us; strike down the stingy Paṇis in your exhilaration. Be heard by me — O heroes, discerning ones, be sought out with the ear through the utterances of my thoughts.

1.184.3 For glory, like Pūṣan and the arrow-maker among the gods, O Nāsatyas, bring the marriage of Sūryā. Your Kakuha mare, born of the waters, is celebrated — like the ancient yokes of mighty Varuṇa.

1.184.4 May that sweet gift of yours be for us; impel the hymn of the praiser who deserves honor. While the peoples rejoice, O munificent ones renowned in glory, may they rejoice in heroic strength through you.

1.184.5 This hymn has been made for you, O Aśvins, O bountiful ones, with songs of praise and well-wrought verses. Come, rejoicing, O Nāsatyas, to the path for offspring and for the self — for Agastya's sake.

1.184.6 We have crossed to the far shore of this darkness; the hymn of praise has been established for you, O Aśvins. Come here by the god-travelled paths — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.185.1 Which of the two is the earlier and which the later of these two? How were they born? Who among the wise truly knows? They bear all of creation within themselves by name; the two days revolve like wheels.

1.185.2 The two ever-moving ones carry the many and support the moving — the footed embryo held by the footless. Like a son forever in the lap of his parents — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.3 I invoke the faultless, unopposed gift of Aditi, radiant and inexhaustible, worthy of reverence. May both the great ones engender that for the singer — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.4 May we be near the two divine daughters, the pair of worlds that are heated without distress, filled with refreshment. Both belong to the gods, both on both types of days — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.5 The two young women, sisters and kindred, come together, meeting in the lap of their father; sniffing toward the navel of the world — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.6 I invoke the two vast, great, ordinance-firm dwelling-places, mothers of the gods, for their divine aid. They who sustain the immortal in good aspect — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.7 The wide and broad, the many-folded ones with distant ends — I address them with reverence at this sacrifice. They who sustain good fortune, who are easy to approach — O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.8 Whatever sin we have committed against the gods, against a comrade or against the house-lord ever-faithful — may this prayer of ours be the atonement for them. O Heaven and Earth, protect us from calamity.

1.185.9 May both manly praises strengthen me; may both accompany me with protection and support. Among many a noble lord, may the gods rejoice in the liberal giver — and may we press forward with vigor, O gods.

1.185.10 I, of good understanding, spoke to Heaven and Earth first, so that they might hear this truth. May father and mother protect us from blame and from ill-going near at hand, with their aids.

1.185.11 O Heaven and Earth, O Father and Mother — may what I address to you here be true. May we be foremost among the gods with their aids — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.186.1 Let divine Savitṛ, the universal lord, come to us at the festival with praises and fine speech, so that you, O youthful ones, may delight in us with inspired thought at the gathering of all the world.

1.186.2 May all the gods come to us with all the horses — Mitra, Aryaman, and Varuṇa together in accord, so that all may prosper us, making us triumphant over the unstable one, like strength.

1.186.3 Together with Turvaṇi I praise Agni, your dearest guest, with hymns. May glorious Varuṇa be ours, and may the patron, praised of foes, conduct us to refreshments.

1.186.4 I come near to them both with reverence, desiring conquest — Dawn and Night, like an easily milked cow. On the same day I measure out the hymn, the milk flowing from their one udder in different forms.

1.186.5 May Ahir Budhnya bring us joy, and may the river Sindhu come like a suckling nursing her young — the river by which we impel the offspring of the waters, the vigorous steed, swift as thought, whom they carry.

1.186.6 May Tvaṣṭṛ too come toward us together with the patrons at the gathering, united in purpose. May Indra the Vṛtra-slayer, who fills all peoples, the most mighty of men, come to us here.

1.186.7 Also our thoughts, harnessed like horses, lick the young one like cows licking a calf. Hymns praise him as wives praise their husband — him, the most fragrant among men.

1.186.8 May the Maruts too, with swelling armies, together with the two worlds, sit down among us in one accord — they whose steeds are dappled, rolling like rivers, consuming enemies, yoked as with Mitra, like gods.

1.186.9 Truly now their greatness shines forth; the draft animals are harnessed with excellent harnessing. And when on a fair day their armies scatter the arrow of destruction, they sprinkle all the desert.

1.186.10 Send forth the Aśvins for protection; send forth Pūṣan — for they are truly self-strong. May I turn to the gods — non-hostile Viṣṇu, Vāta, Ṛbhukṣan — seeking their benevolence.

1.186.11 May this thought of ours for you, O adorable ones, be life-giving and settled among you — this thought of one who strives after wealth among the gods. May we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.187.1 Now I shall praise the food — great, law-sustaining, vigorous — by whose strength Trita crushed the many-jointed Vṛtra with force.

1.187.2 O sweet food, O honeyed food — we have chosen you. Be our protector.

1.187.3 Come to us, O food; approach with auspicious aids, bringing bliss. Be a friend free of hatred, charming, without duplicity.

1.187.4 Your savors, O food, are spread out through the realms, resting there like winds in the sky.

1.187.5 Yours, O food, are they who give; yours, O food, is the sweetest. The savors, swelling in taste, surge forward like those with great necks.

1.187.6 In you, O food, the mind of the great gods is established. With your lovely banner, one has slain Ahi with your aid.

1.187.7 When you, O food, went to the Vivasvat of the mountains, even there, O sweet food, come to us sufficiently for nourishment.

1.187.8 When we partake of the essence of the waters and plants, O Vātāpe, become fat indeed.

1.187.9 When we partake of you, O Soma, whether mixed with milk or mixed with barley, O Vātāpe, become fat indeed.

1.187.10 Be porridge, O herb; be fat in the kidneys of the charioteer. O Vātāpe, become fat indeed.

1.187.11 You, O food, we have refined with our words, as cows press out what is to be offered. For the gods you are a shared feast; for us too you are a shared feast.

1.188.1 Kindled today you reign as god among the gods, winning thousands. O Agni, wise seer and messenger, carry the oblations.

1.188.2 By Tanūnapāt, the sacrifice is anointed with honey as the truth-seeker proceeds; he bestows thousandfold refreshments.

1.188.3 You who are praised and worthy of hymns, being invoked, bring the worshipful gods hither. O Agni, you are the winner of thousands.

1.188.4 With might they have strewn the eastward-facing sacred grass, that has a thousand heroes — there where the Ādityas reign.

1.188.5 She who is the virāj, she who is the samrāj, the pervasive and the powerful, the many and the yet more numerous — from the doors the streams of ghee have flowed.

1.188.6 Well-decked and well-adorned, they two shine in beauty. May the two Dawns sit down here.

1.188.7 For the first two are the divine priestly callers, the poets of fair speech. May they sacrifice this sacrifice of ours.

1.188.8 Bhāratī, Iḷā, and Sarasvatī — all of you I address here. May those three spur us on to glory.

1.188.9 For Tvaṣṭṛ is the lord of all forms; he has assembled all cattle. Sacrifice their increase for us.

1.188.10 O Vanaspati, release the offering silently for the gods. Let Agni taste the oblations.

1.188.11 Agni goes before the gods and is anointed with the Gāyatrī metre; he shines bright in the svāhā oblations.

1.189.1 O Agni, lead us by the good path to wealth, O god who knows all the ways. Ward off from us the sin that lurks and misleads — we would render to you the most frequent utterance of homage.

1.189.2 O Agni, as one renewed, carry us across all difficulties with well-being; and the wide, broad earth be for us spacious. Be a source of peace and healing for our children and our progeny.

1.189.3 O Agni, ward off from us the disease; peoples without fire have afflicted us. O god, O adorable one, restore the earth to us for well-being together with all the immortals.

1.189.4 Protect us, O Agni, with unceasing guards; and shining bright in the beloved home — may your praiser know no fear now or in future, O youngest and most powerful.

1.189.5 Do not abandon us, O Agni, to the ill-intentioned foe, to the adversary or to misfortune. Do not hand us over to him who bites, who stings, who intoxicates, who harms, O powerful one.

1.189.6 Truly one like you, O Agni born of truth, being praised, stretches out protection for his body against all who would harm or lead astray — for you, O god, are the guardian against what comes upon us crookedly.

1.189.7 O Agni, knowing both classes of mortals, you seek them both at the hour of setting forth. At the time of arrival you are to be instructed by Manu — purified and burnished by those who desire, the bird of heaven.

1.189.8 We have spoken these set hymns in this Agni of Māna's son, the powerful one. May we win a thousand with the ṛṣis — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.190.1 Increase Bṛhaspati with new hymns — he who is unopposed, vigorous, sweet-tongued. He is the singer of songs, of brilliant radiance, whose new praises the gods and mortals listen to.

1.190.2 The timely words attend on him, as a rush of men seeking the gods has been let loose. For Bṛhaspati straightway opened the highest realms; Mātariśvan joined together in the rite.

1.190.3 He sends forth praise and the rising of homage and sound, like Savitṛ extending his arms. By his power, the terrible one who is to be slain in battle, like a fearsome beast, without demonic protection — yet mighty.

1.190.4 His praise flies through heaven and earth; the discerning bearer of the divine strikes like a racehorse. The arrows of the deer — these fly here; Bṛhaspati's magical powers against enemies flash toward the sky.

1.190.5 The evil Pajras who think of you as a godless one — they wickedly live off what is good. You do not grant a boon to the deceitful one, O Bṛhaspati; you punish the despiser.

1.190.6 Like a path to good pasture, easy to travel; like Mitra fully satisfied, hard to lead astray — those who are unopposed and look upon us have stood forth, opening what was veiled.

1.190.7 To whom praises converge like rivers flowing to the ocean with wheel-like banks — he, Bṛhaspati, the eager one, beholds both things from within: what is beyond and what are the waters.

1.190.8 Thus has Bṛhaspati, great, mightily born, mighty, vigorous, been placed as the divine bull. May he, when praised, grant us abundance of heroes and cattle — may we know the winning path and the life-giving community.

1.191.1 The Kaṅkata, and the one that is not Kaṅkata, and then the true Kaṅkata — saying 'two' and 'scorching,' the unseen ones have clung fast.

1.191.2 Coming, she slays the unseen ones; going away, she slays them too. Crushing down, she slays them; grinding, she grinds them.

1.191.3 Śara grasses, Kuśara grasses, Darbha grasses, and also the Sairya and Mauñja reeds — all the hostile unseen ones have together clung fast.

1.191.4 The cows have settled in the cowpen; the wild animals have lain down; the banners of the peoples have been lowered — the unseen ones have clung fast.

1.191.5 Those there have been seen at dusk, like thieves. O unseen ones, seen-by-all — you have been caught awake.

1.191.6 Heaven is your father, Earth your mother, Soma your brother, Aditi your sister. O unseen ones, seen-by-all — stay still and be at peace.

1.191.7 Those in the shoulders, those in the limbs, those needle-like, those that are called Kaṅkata — O unseen ones, whatever you are here, all together perish.

1.191.8 The sun rises in the east, seen by all, the slayer of the unseen. Crushing all the unseen ones and all the sorceries.

1.191.9 That sun has flown up, consuming all the many things; the Āditya from the mountains, seen by all, the slayer of the unseen.

1.191.10 I fasten the poison to the sun, to the leather flask in the house of the soma-presser. It shall not now die, nor shall we die — far from it is the yoking. The golden one has made you sweet, O honey; the bee has made you honey.

1.191.11 The little iyattika bird, together with the śakuntikā bird, has eaten your poison. It shall not now die, nor shall we die — far from it is the yoking. The golden one has made you sweet, O honey; the bee has made you honey.

1.191.12 Thrice seven viṣpuliṅkā birds have sucked up the flower of the poison. They shall not now die, nor shall we die — far from it is the yoking. The golden one has made you sweet, O honey; the bee has made you honey.

1.191.13 Of the nine, and of the ninety, of the festering poisons — I have seized the names of all of them. Far from it is the yoking. The golden one has made you sweet, O honey; the bee has made you honey.

1.191.14 Thrice seven peahens, the seven unmarried sisters — they have carried off your poison like water-carrying women carrying pots.

1.191.15 This little kuṣumbhaka — I split open the taka with a stone. From it the poison has flowed back, flowing away along the valleys.

1.191.16 The kuṣumbhaka, rolling down from the mountain, declared: 'The poison of the scorpion is without power — without power is your poison, O scorpion.'