Accident

[Accidents] — these are the basest and lowest of them, and they have existence and subsistence per se, that is, in their existence they do not require a substratum in any respect, unlike whiteness and blackness, which cannot exist except as subsisting in a substratum, which is the body or the substance.

It remains, then, that the first possible existent is a separate spirit (rūḥ mujarrad), which needs nothing but its bringer into existence — in its existence, its subsistence, and its acting.

Then the body needs a bringer into existence and a place, and in its acting it needs an instrument, for the body performs its act only by a bodily power or an instrument;

“The souls of mankind are one and all a single nature, and there is no difference among them save by the accidents, the pleasures, and the qualities of the mixtures

“The souls of mankind are one and all different by nature [10], and there is no accord among them save in the accidents of the virtues and the vices — after the manner of the natures of the sun, the moon and the stars, and the natures of the birds and the rest”

But Arisṭūṭālīs and his followers and the whole body of the Christians claimed that the soul is neither a body nor an accident;

The instruments of the body are the outward attributes, and the accidents of the heart are the inward meanings:

and color, power and knowledge are accidents subsisting in something other than themselves.

bodies are equal in bulk and magnitude, and these two meanings are accidents, so bodies are equal in receiving these accidents;