The sources of Adab al-wazīr

1. Ḥadīth Muhammad 14 authority 14 citations · 21 passages

   the author's introduction 4 passages anchored here · ch. 2 3 passages anchored here · ch. 3 · section: on caution 11 passages anchored here · ch. 9 · section: on rights

   Four sayings are explicitly related of the Prophet with the transmission verb and the eulogy formula, functioning as decisive authority.

   “When God the Exalted wills to carry through His decree and His destiny, He strips the possessors of intellects of their intellects until His decree and His destiny are carried through upon them.

2. (maxim) ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd ibn Yaḥyā 11 authority 11 citations · 10 passages

   section: on caution 6 passages anchored here · ch. 9 · ch. 11 · section: on rights 2 passages anchored here

   Named as the speaker of two quoted maxims.

   everything has its kernel (lubāb), and the kernel of souls is the intellects (al-albāb)

3. (verse) the poets (baʻḍ al-shuʻarāʼ) 9 authority 9 citations · 25 passages

   section: on caution 23 passages anchored here · section: on rights 2 passages anchored here

   Introduced as baʻḍ al-shuʻarāʼ or al-shāʻir with no name, then quoted.

   You will find what you sent ahead of good brought present before you — and you are the happier for the good you do

4. Qurʼān God 4 authority · 1 neutral 5 citations · 6 passages

   ch. 2 · ch. 3 · section: on caution 2 passages anchored here · ch. 6 · ch. 13

   A marked Qurʼanic phrase is introduced with the formula of divine speech and relied on as evidence.

   do not squander your portion in it, and do not forget your share of it, and do good as God has done good to you.

5. Sayings of Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib 3 authority · 1 endorsed 4 citations · 6 passages

   the author's introduction · ch. 3 · section: on dismissal · ch. 13 3 passages anchored here

   ʻAlī is named with the honorific formula and quoted as an authority on war.

   I was put in charge of the library of al-Rashīd's books, and I went through his books, and I found not a saying but that I found its contrary — except sayings that came from the philosopher of the Arabs (*fayāsūf al-ʻArab*), ʻAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, may God Most High be pleased with him:

6. Sayings of the sages The sages 2 authority · 2 endorsed 4 citations · 15 passages

   the author's introduction 6 passages anchored here · ch. 2 · ch. 3 3 passages anchored here · section: boldness 2 passages anchored here · ch. 6 2 passages anchored here · section: on dismissal

   Maxims are repeatedly attributed to 'one of the sages' and adduced in support of the author's own rules.

   The promise is the sickness of a favour, fulfilment is its recovery, and putting off is its death.

7. Sayings of Buzurjmihr Buzurjmihr 2 authority · 1 endorsed 3 citations

   the author's introduction · section: boldness · ch. 13

   The maxim is expressly attributed to a named Persian sage.

   Jest is the blight of seriousness, lying is the enemy of truthfulness, and injustice is the ruin of kingship.

8. Sayings of the sage of India The sage of India 1 authority · 2 endorsed 3 citations · 4 passages

   the author's introduction · ch. 2 2 passages anchored here · section: boldness

   The maxim is attributed to a designated foreign authority and used in support of the rule.

   Rancours leave their mark wherever they are, and the most to be feared of them is what is in the souls of kings, for they hold revenge a matter of religion and reckon the pursuit of a blood-claim a nobility and a glory.

9. (proverbial saying) anonymous transmitted opinion (qīla) 2 authority 2 citations · 12 passages

   section: on caution 6 passages anchored here · ch. 9 2 passages anchored here · ch. 10 · ch. 11 2 passages anchored here · section: on rights

   The text repeatedly grounds a rule on an unattributed 'it has been said', which is itself a mode of citation.

   keep far from the ignorant man that you may find rest, for the carrying of sand and salt and iron is easier than a dwelling place with an ignorant man.

10. (sapiential maxims) the sages (baʻḍ al-ḥukamāʼ) 2 authority 2 citations · 12 passages

    section: on caution 11 passages anchored here · ch. 9

    Cited under the label baʻḍ al-ḥukamāʼ, recorded here under the label the text gives.

    keep company with the ruler with three things — caution, the renouncing of the turn of fortune (dawlah), and diligence in counsel.

11. Anonymous proverbial maxims 2 endorsed 2 citations · 6 passages

    the author's introduction 5 passages anchored here · ch. 2

    The passage repeatedly introduces quoted sayings with the impersonal formula of report, relying on them as received wisdom.

    And that speech be native is better than that it be manufactured — unless the mind is dulled by the admixtures of care and the speech is with a man of great rank:

12. Anonymous transmitted maxims 2 authority 2 citations · 8 passages

    ch. 3 3 passages anchored here · section: boldness · ch. 6 2 passages anchored here · section: on dismissal 2 passages anchored here

    The formula it has been said or it used to be said introduces quoted doctrine in several paragraphs without attribution.

    think before you resolve, make things clear before you fall upon them, and take counsel before you advance.

13. Arabic poetry Poets 2 endorsed 2 citations · 10 passages

    the author's introduction 8 passages anchored here · ch. 2 2 passages anchored here

    Four separate verse citations are introduced by attribution to a poet and stand as the closing authority of their arguments.

    for the promise is a due owed by you, while the threat is a due owed to you by another, so that in it you retain your choice — and for that reason breaking a promise is not permissible, though breaking a threat is.

14. Letter of the sage of the Greeks to Alexander The sage of the Greeks 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations · 3 passages

    ch. 2 · ch. 3 · section: boldness

    A named act of written address is reported and its content quoted as the argument's final authority.

    Any king whose soul looks up toward paltry things — death is more honourable for him.

15. Manthur al-hikam 2 authority 2 citations · 7 passages

    ch. 3 3 passages anchored here · section: boldness 3 passages anchored here · ch. 6

    The collection is named by title at least nine times as the source of quoted maxims.

    among the signs of a state's (al-dawlah) endurance is the scarcity of heedlessness.

16. Manthūr al-ḥikam (also spelled Manshūr al-ḥikam) 2 authority 2 citations · 8 passages

    section: on caution 6 passages anchored here · ch. 9 · section: on rights

    Named by title six times, in the print's two spellings, always as the warrant for a quoted maxim.

    the world takes back its gift, and Time is envious, coming upon nothing without altering it.

17. Proverbs of the Arabs The Arabs 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations

    the author's introduction · ch. 13

    The passage explicitly attributes a quoted saying to the proverbial corpus of the Arabs.

    The Arabs say, among their proverbs on recklessness:

18. Sayings of Solomon Solomon 2 authority 2 citations · 3 passages

    the author's introduction · ch. 3 2 passages anchored here

    Solomon is named with eulogy as the source of a related saying invoked as a model.

    the arrow of the wrongdoer returns upon him, because his punishment comes swiftly to him.

19. Sayings of the forebears The forebears 2 endorsed 2 citations

    the author's introduction · ch. 2

    The maxim is expressly attributed to the class of the forebears.

    Beware the pride of anger, for it delivers you to the abasement of apology.

20. Sayings of the sage of the Persians The sage of the Persians 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations

    ch. 2 · ch. 3

    The maxim is expressly attributed to a designated authority and adduced in support of the rule.

    The sage of the Persians has said:

21. Sayings of ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations · 3 passages

    the author's introduction · ch. 13 2 passages anchored here

    The maxim is attributed to a named authority of the chancery tradition.

    And ʻAbd al-Ḥamīd said:

22. Sayings of ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 1 authority · 1 endorsed 2 citations

    ch. 2 · section: on dismissal

    The saying is expressly attributed to ʻUmar with an honorific formula and adduced in support.

    ” And ʻUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb — may God be pleased with him — said:

23. Verses of Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi 2 authority 2 citations · 4 passages

    ch. 3 2 passages anchored here · ch. 13 2 passages anchored here

    A named poet is introduced and his verses quoted as the culminating proof.

    Souls, though they go in dread of death — have hopes that hold them up;

24. Adab al-wazīr al-Māwardī 1 extended 1 citation

    ch. 2

    The passage explicitly refers back to the work's own foregoing sections as the completed basis for what follows.

    Now that these sections upon the preliminaries of the vizierate (wizārah) have been set down, its name is derived from its meaning;

102 sources are named once. Each stands in the run of its own chapter, below — in the order of the text.

The harvest records where a citation is made: the paragraph in the citing book, and the chapter that paragraph stands in. It does not record which page of this book is meant. Where the citing text names a locus, you will find it in the quotation.

1. Adab al-wazīr al-Māwardī 1 extended 1 citation

   ch. 2

   The passage explicitly refers back to the work's own foregoing sections as the completed basis for what follows.

   Now that these sections upon the preliminaries of the vizierate (wizārah) have been set down, its name is derived from its meaning;