Comma for either/or — dharma, courage. Spelling forgiving — corage finds courage.

    Kitāb al-Safīnah al-Nūḥīyah fī al-sakīnah al-rūḥīyah

    Chapter Four: On the Allusions of the Masters of Hearts, in the Manner Proper to Them

    Aḥmad ibn Khalīl al-Khuwayyī

    citations · figures & ideas

    Wa-hādhā al-shakhṣ takūn nafsuhu tārah ammārah wa-ukhrá lawwāmah. Wa-ka-dhālika al-nafs al-muṭmaʼinnah lahā darajāt fawq darajāt ka-mā li-al-ammārah darakāt taḥta darakāt.

    Al-Bāb al-rābiʻ fī ishārāt arbāb al-qulūb ʻalá mā-lahum min al-uslūb

    Athbatū li-al-insān arbaʻ darajāt. Al-nafs. Wa-al-rūḥ. Wa-al-qalb. Wa-al-sirr. Fa-al-nafs hiya al-ammārah bi-al-sūʼ. Wa-al-rūḥ huwa al-ḥāmil ʻalá al-iḥsān. Wa-al-qalb huwa al-mutaqallib ilá Allāh al-muqbil ʻalayhi. Wa-al-sirr huwa al-wāṣil ilayhi al-dhāhil ʻammā sawāhu wa-in kāna bayna yadayhi. Wa-al-nafs jāhil bi-āyāt Allāh. Wa-al-rūḥ ʻālim bi-bayyināt Allāh. Wa-al-qalb khabīr bi-al-daqāyiq wa-al-sirr baṣīr bi-al-ḥaqāyiq.

    Al-nafs mishkāh muẓlimah. Wa-al-rūḥ zujāj ṣāf. Wa-al-qalb miṣbāḥ munīr wa-al-sirr nūr kulluhu. Al-nafs khāʼin fī amānah Allāh. Wa-al-rūḥ amīn ʻalá khazānah Allāh. Wa-al-qalb nāqid wa-al-sirr mutaṣarrif. ʻAlāmah al-nafs ikthār al-akl wa-al-shurb wa-īthār al-lahw wa-al-laʻb. Wa-ʻalāmah al-rūḥ al-ṣabr wa-al-ṣalāh. Wa-jabr al-nafs ʻalá al-ʻibādāt wa-āyah al-qalb al-iltidhādh bi-al-irtiḥāl. Wa-āyah al-sirr al-surūr fī kull ḥāl. Wa-min al-mutaʼanniqīn man yurīd yazīd fī al-marātib fa-yaqūl nafs al-nafs dūna al-nafs wa-sirr al-sirr fawq al-sirr. Wa-ka-dhālika taqūl rūḥ al-rūḥ wa-qalb al-qalb wa-ka-annahu ishārah ilá mā dhakarnā an li-al-nafs al-ammārah darakāt wa-li-al-nafs al-muṭmaʼinnah darajāt wa-hādhihi al-ishārāt taḥqīquhā mā dhakarnā.

    Fa-al-nafs hiya al-ammārah wa-al-rūḥ ka-annahu huwa al-nafs al-lawwāmah wa-al-qalb huwa al-muṭmaʼinnah