The Science of Qurʼanic Recitation and Tajwīd

Bism Allāh al-Raḥmān al-Raḥīm

al-Ḥamd lillāh wa-salām ʻalá ʻibādihi alladhīna iṣṭafá

Iʻlam anna fī kull ṭāʼifah min ʻulamāʼ al-ummah mā yudhamm wa-yuʻāb fa-tajannabhu :

( ʻIlm al-qirāʼah wa-al-tajwīd )

Fa-al-qurrāʼ al-mujawwidah : fīhim tanaṭṭuʻ wa-taḥrīr zāʼid yuʼaddī ilá anna al-mujawwid al-qāriʼ yabqá maṣrūf al-himmah ilá murāʻāt al-ḥurūf wa-al-tanaṭṭuʻ fī tajwīdihā bi-ḥaythu yashghaluhu dhālika ʻan tadabbur maʻānī kitāb Allāh taʻālá wa-yaṣrifuhu ʻan al-khushūʻ fī al-tilāwah wa-yukhallīhi qawī al-nafs muzdariyan bi-ḥuffāẓ kitāb Allāh taʻālá fa-yanẓur ilayhim bi-ʻayn al-maqt wa-bi-anna al-muslimīn yalḥanūn wa-bi-anna al-qurrāʼ lā yaḥfaẓūn al-ashwādh al-qirāʼah fa-layta shimrī anta mā dhā ʻarafta wa-mā dhā ʻalimta ! fa-ammā ʻilmuka fa-ghayr ṣāliḥ wa-ammā tilāwatuka fa-thaqīlah ʻariyyah ʻan al-khashʻah wa-al-ḥuzn wa-al-khawf fa-Allāh taʻālá yuwaffiquka wa-yubaṣṣiruka rushdaka wa-yūqiẓuka min marqadat al-jahl wa-al-riyāʼ . Wa-ḍidduhum qurrāʼ al-nagham wa-al-tamṭīṭ wa-hāʼulāʼ man qaraʼa minhum bi-qalb wa-khawf qad yantafiʻ bihi fī al-jumlah fa-qad raʼaytu minhum man yaqraʼu ṣaḥīḥan wa-yuṭrib wa-yabkī wa-raʼaytu minhum man idhā qaraʼa qassá al-qulūb wa-abrama al-nufūs wa-baddala al-kalām , wa-aswaʼuhum ḥālan al-janāʼizīyah . Wa-ammā al-qirāʼah bi-al-riwāyāt wa-bi-al-jamʻ fa-abʻad shayʼ ʻan al-khushūʻ wa-aqdam shayʼ ʻalá al-tilāwah bi-mā yakhruj min al-qaṣd wa-shiʻāruhum fī takthīr wujūh Ḥamzah wa-taghlīẓ tilka al-lāmāt wa-tarqīq al-rāʼāt . Iqraʼ yā rajul wa-aʻfinā min al-taghlīẓ wa-al-tarqīq wa-farṭ al-imālah wa-al-mudūd wa-wuqūf Ḥamzah fa-ilá kam hādhā ! Wa-ākhar minhum in ḥaḍara fī khatm aw talā fī miḥrāb jaʻala dīdanahu iḥḍār gharāʼib al-wujūh wa-al-sakt wa-al-tahawwuʻ bi-al-tasʹhīl wa-atá bi-kull khilāf wa-nādá ʻalá nafsihi « anā Abū iʻrifūnī » fa-innī ʻārif bi-al-sabʻ , aysh naʻmal bika ? Lā wa-ṣabbaḥaka Allāh bi-khayr innaka ḥajar manjanīq wa-raṣāṣ ʻalá al-afʼidah . (١)

— al-ḥawāshī —

[5] (١) ʻUlūm al-qirāʼāt min ashraf al-ʻulūm li-taʻalluqihā bi-al-Qurʼān al-ḥakīm alladhī bihi yasʻad al-muslimūn idhā iʻtaṣamū bi-hidāyatihi fī shuʼūn al-dārayn wa-yalqawn al-hawān wa-al-shaqāʼ in nabadhūhu warāʼahum ẓihrīyā , wa-al-tajwīd ḥatm lāzim , wa-al-qirāʼāt abʻāḍ al-Qurʼān yajib idāmat tawāturihā ʻalá al-ummah madá al-qurūn bal ʻalá ahl kull quṭr an yakūn ʻadad al-qāʼimīn bihā minhum bālighan ḥadd al-tawātur wa-illā yaʼthamūn jamīʻan kamā naṣṣa ʻalá dhālika al-muḥaqqiqūn min al-ʻulamāʼ . Wa-al-muṣannif mimman ṣarafa shaṭran min ʻumrihi fī ʻilm al-qirāʼah ḥattá ḥaṣala lahu mushārakah qawīyah fīhi fa-huwa min akbar al-muqaddirīn li-ʻiẓam shaʼn ʻulūm al-qirāʼāt , wa-innamā arāda hunā tanbīh al-mughtarrīn ʻalá al-āfāt allatī lā yakhlū minhā ʻilm wa-radʻihim ʻanhā , wa-ḥāshāhu an yakūn qaṣduhu tathbīṭ ʻazāʼim al-qāʼimīn bi-hādhā al-ʻilm al-jalīl fī amṣār al-muslimīn ʻalá qillatihim al-yawm wa-qabl al-yawm kaththarahum Allāh wa-adāmahum .