Introduction
19th Century Muḥammad ʻAbduh ArabicBism Allāh al-Raḥmān al-Raḥīm
al-Ḥamd lillāh al-wājib wujūduh, al-ʻāmm jūduh, wa-al-ṣalāh wa-al-salām ʻalá nabīyinā aḥkam ḥukamāʼ al-ʻālam, wa-man huwa li-asāṭīn al-ilāhīyīn khātim, sayyidinā Muḥammad wa-ʻalá ālih wa-ṣaḥbih
Ammā baʻd fa-yaqūl Muḥammad ʻAbduh ibn ʻAbduh ibn Ḥasan Khayr Allāh, al-nāshiʼ bi-iqlīm Miṣr bi-khiṭṭat al-Buḥayrah bi-qaryah tusammá Maḥallat Naṣr, khādim khidmat al-ḥikmah, al-muʻriḍ ʻan naḥw al-kalām wa-al-kalimah, al-mutakhallī ʻan qayd libās al-ṭawāʼif, ilá faḍāʼ iqtināṣ ṣayd al-maʻārif, innī kuntu mushtaghilan bi-ṭalab al-ʻulūm, fa-baynamā anā ḥawl al-riyāḍ aḥūm, idh ʻathartu bi-āthār al-ʻulūm al-ḥaqīqīyah, fa-shughiftu bihā ḥubban wa-lākin lam ajid man hiya lah ṭawīlah, fa-ḥirtu fī amrī, wa-akhadhtu ujīl fikrī, wa-kullamā saʼaltu ajābūnī bi-anna al-ishtighāl bihā ḥarām, aw qad nahá ʻanhā ʻulamāʼ al-kalām, fa-taʻajjabtu shiddat al-ʻajab, wa-ghaflat al-nāqilīn aʻjab, wa-tafakkartu fī sabab dhālika fa-raʼaytuh anna man jahila shayʼan ʻādāh, wa-man akhlada ʻan al-ʻulā yaʼbāh, fa-wajadtuhum ka-man ʻalaka bi-lisānih waraq al-ʻunnāb fa-lā yadrī marārat al-ḥanẓal, wa-lā ḥalāwat al-ʻasal, wa-baynamā anā ka-dhālika idh ashraqat shams al-ḥaqāʼiq, fa-waḍuḥa lanā bihā raqāʼiq al-daqāʼiq, bi-wufūd ḥaḍrat al-ḥakīm al-kāmil, wa-al-ḥaqq al-qāʼim, ustādhinā al-Sayyid Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī, lāzāla li-thimār al-ʻulūm (khayr) jānī, fa-rajawnāh fī shayʼ min dhālika, fa-ajāba wa-al-ḥamd lillāh ʻalá dhālika, wa-kāna dhālika fī sanat ١٢٩٠ fa-nilnā bi-dhālika ṭarāʼif al-tuḥaf, fa-awmaʼa ilaynā bi-kullīyāt hādhih juzʼīyātuhā, wa-āyāt hādhih bayyinātuhā, wa-dhālika ʻalá qatrah min al-ḥikmah, fa-ka-annah ghayth ursila li-iḥyāʼ tilka al-niʻmah wa-sammaytuhā al-Wāridāt fī sirr al-Tajallīyāt, fa-aqūl wa-bi-Allāh al-tawfīq (١)
— al-ḥawāshī —
[scan 8] «١» innī aʻlam annah raḥimah Allāh taʻālá qad rajaʻa ʻan kathīr min hādhih al-naẓarīyāt allatī dawwanahā fī hādhih al-risālah wa-ẓahara lah buṭlānuhā wa-minhā kull mā huwa mabnī ʻalá qiyās al-ʻilm bi-Allāh taʻālá ʻalá al-ʻilm bi-khalqih wa-sunanih ʻalá baʻḍih . wa-katabah Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā